三维装药几何通用型面模拟计算法

本文对目前广泛采用的“坐标药柱通用模拟计算法”作了有益的改进.模拟装药表面的各基本几何型面更加灵活通用,数学过程也变得简单方便.可对各种类型的三维装药进行快速、准确的计算.通过对某翼柱型装药的几何计算,获得了令人满意的结果.     

粘弹结构应力应变场与温度场全耦合的计算机程序及其应用

本文介绍了粘弹结构应力应变场与温度场全耦合的有限元法计算程序,并运用该程序分析了发动机的气动加热试验、硫化降温过程中的热应力问题.解法上采用波前法并对此作了改进,使解算速度提高一倍左右,并使程序能在微型计算机上正常运行.发动机装药热应力的理论分析结果合理,温度场的理论结果与实验结果吻合较好,从而证明了该方法及程序的正确性和实用性.     

星孔装药燃面退移图形显示研究

应用计算机图形学在ＩＢＭ－ＰＣ机上开发了星孔装药燃面退移仿真的图形显示系统。该系统的功能包括：参数曲线的图形显示，装药横截面的二维及装药燃面的三维静态显示，模拟燃面退移的二维动态显示。详细讨论了用直线和圆弧构成装药横截面的二维图形的显示方法及相应的参数和控制点的计算，燃面上三维型值点的计算及图形显示方法，利用三次均匀Ｂ样条和双三次均匀Ｂ样条构造曲线和曲面的方法。     

旋转固体火箭发动机一维内弹道计算

给出了带“锥－柱形”装药的旋转固体火箭发动机的一维内弹道计算方法，其燃速计算采用分析方法，喷管流量采用等熵旋转喷管流的简化方法。所得结果和旋转试车台上实测的实验结果吻合较好，计算和实验表明，“锥－柱形“装药呈现较大速度效应。文中提供了计算方法具有较高预示精度，可推广到其它药型旋转发动机的内弹道计算，对旋转发动机设计具有指导作用。     

复合推进剂高压下侵蚀燃烧特性的研究

讨论了少烟丁羟合推进剂高压下侵蚀燃烧与装药装填密度的关系，给出了计算变截面装药气流速度方程，总结了在此推进剂在Ｐ≥１５．０ＭＰａ下侵蚀燃烧规律，为装药设计提供了依据。     

二维装药通用计算方法及程序

所谓装药计算就是求出发动机内弹道计算所需要的装药几何参数。 现代的固体火箭发动机装填系数都很大,因而侵蚀燃烧现象比较严重。为了更准确地计算发动机的内弹道参数,必须考虑由于侵蚀燃烧而引起的装药截面积的变化。考虑这一因素的内弹道计算方法一般是将药柱沿轴线分段计算,这样就需要对装药每一节点处各个时刻的装药几何参数进行计算。装药计算量是相当大的,需要编制计算机程序来配合相应的内弹道计算。目前,国内大多数程序都是针对某一种特定药型的,这使得该程序的使用受到限制。所以有必要对目前国内固体火箭发动机中大量使用的装药进行研究,编制出通用的计算机程序。     

某装药用双基推进剂的配方选择及实验

为克服某起动器用复合推进剂装药存在燃气残渣多的缺陷，通过物性数据比较及内弹道性能计算，从三个备选双基配方中选出一个与该复合装药性能相近的配方来替代它。对选出的双基配方进行了验证，同时研究了辅助催化剂、辅助增塑剂、燃烧稳定剂对双基推进剂燃烧性能的影响。实验表明：所选的双基推进剂能满足该起动器对装药的要求。     

固液火箭发动机装药设计优化

按两类不同的气化速率公式,讨论了固液火箭发动机燃料装药优化设计的方法和程序,并针对某ＨＴＰＢ／ＬＰＸ（或ＧＯＸ）发动机,给出了多孔装药在不同孔数的情形下某些参数随时间的变化以及另一些参数的总体值或平均值,最后应燃料装药设计和配方设计给出了某些结论。     

翼柱型装药燃烧室三维非定常湍流的数值模拟

采用к－ε双方程湍流模型,以ＳＩＭＰＬＥ计算程式结合ＴＤＭＡ法求解翼柱型装药固体火箭发动机燃烧室内三维非定常不可压流Ｎ－Ｓ方程。在建立翼柱型装药简化模型的基础上,采用边界标志来表达燃面推移,采用从二维到三维的初场给定方法结合多重网格法,求出了多个时间步的非稳态流场结构。计算结果表明：燃烧室内旋涡运动呈现一定的空间与时间分布,周向加质导致燃气通道横断面上轴向速度分布的极不均衡。     

固体火箭发动机通用药柱的一维准定常内弹道计算

本文提出对任何药型都通用的一维准定常内弹道计算方法和与其相适用的药柱计算方法.解决了药柱和一维准定常内弹道计算的配合问题.用本程序对某实际发动机的内弹道性能进行了计算,将计算结果和用零维燃烧模型计算结果及热试车结果进行了比较.     

Preliminary design and optimization of slotted tube grain for solid rocket motor

In this paper,design and optimization technique of slotted tube grain for solid rocket motors has been discussed.In doing so,the design objectives and constraints have been set,geometric parameters identified,performance prediction parameters calculated,thereafter preliminary designs completed and finally optimal design reached.Geometric model for slotted tube grain configuration has been developed.Average thrust has been taken as the objective function with constraints of burning time,mass of propellant,fixed length and diameter of chamber case.Lumped parameter method has been used for calculating the performance prediction parameters.A set of preliminary designs has been completed and an analysis of these results conducted.Although all the preliminary results fulfill the design requirements in terms of objective function and constraints,however in order to attain the optimal design,Sequential quadratic programming optimization technique has been adopted.As the slotted tube grain geometry is totally dependent upon various independent variables and each of these variables has a bearing on explicit characteristic of grain designing,hence affects of the independent variables on performance parameters have been examined,thus variation laws have been developed.Basing on the variation laws and the analysis of preliminary design results,upper and lower limits have been defined for the independent geometric variables and an initial guess provided for conducting optimization.Results attained exhibits that an optimal result has been attained and the value of objective function has been maximized.All the design constraint limits have also been met while ensuring sound values of volumetric loading fraction,web fraction and neutrality.This methodology of design and optimization of slotted tube grain for solid rocket motors can be used by engineers as a reference guide for actual design and engineering purposes.      

大后翼装药固体发动机喷管收敛段绝热层烧蚀

对具有大后翼装药结构的Φ315 mm发动机和全尺寸发动机进行了地面点火试验。试验后对喷管收敛段绝热层按照沟槽和非沟槽部位进行了解剖,得出了各个部位绝热层的烧蚀和炭化数据。结果表明,和药柱翼槽对应的喷管收敛段绝热层烧蚀严重,而非药柱翼槽对应部位的绝热层烧蚀较小。实测的最大烧蚀率可用于同类发动机的方案设计。     

Solid rocket motor propellant grain burnback simulation based on fast minimum distance function calculation and improved marching tetrahedron method

To efficiently compute arbitrary propellant grain evolution of the burning surface with uniform and non-uniform burning rate for solid rocket motor, a unified framework of burning surface regression simulation has been developed based on minimum distance function. In order to speed up the computation of the mini-mum distance between grid nodes of grain and the triangular mesh of burning surface, a fast distance querying method based on the equal size cube voxel structure was employed. An improved marching tetrahedron method based on piecewise linear approximation was carried out on second-order tetrahedral elements, achieved high-efficiency and adequate accuracy of burning surface extraction simultaneously. The cases of star grain, finocyl grain, and non-uniform tube grain were studied to verify the proposed method. The observed result indicates that the grain burnback computation method could realize the accurate simulation on unstructured tetrahedral mesh with a desirable performance on computational time.     

基于多目标遗传算法的大型客机总体参数优化

在大型客机总体参数设计的基础上,提出总体参数优化的问题。建立多目标优化的数学模型,采用多目标遗传算法对大型客机的总体参数进行优化设计。考虑只对一个目标函数进行优化的单目标优化问题,设计程序进行单目标优化的计算。比较单目标优化和多目标优化的结果,分析两种优化方法的差异。算例表明,采用单目标优化在提升优化目标性能的同时会牺牲其他目标函数的总体性能,而多目标优化能兼顾各个目标函数的需求,并使整体达到最优。     

固体火箭发动机前、后翼药柱三维有限元分析

应用PRO／ENGINEER、I－DEAS软件构造药柱三维几何模型，利用视算技术和方法对药柱几何模型进行处理，建立药柱三维有限元模型，对药柱受固化降温、轴向飞行过载、工作内压载荷作用下的应力应变及位移完成了三维线弹性有限元分析计算，进行了图形后处理，得到了合理的结果。为大型固体火箭发动机药柱结构完整性分析提供了更为准确合理的理论依据。     

基于ANSYS的复合固体推进剂力学响应分析

在点火瞬态过程中的内压载荷与轴向过载作用下,对固体推进剂药柱进行了三维线性粘弹性有限元分析。通过软件参数化设计语言编程实现不同的轴向过载与改变药柱的局部结构,分别计算了药柱在点火瞬态过程中的应力、应变及位移场,并讨论了以上因素对药柱结构完整性的影响,为药柱的结构可靠性分析与寿命预估提供了一定的参考。     

Electrically Driven Environmental Control System

An environmental control system (ECS) being developed under the title of energy efficient environmental control system is described. The ECS is a closed-loop, electrically driven, vapor cycle system. The vapor cycle will have a compressor driven by a variable speed, high-voltage dc motor. The reasons for selecting this type of system are discussed here. Breadboard testing of a variable speed compressor to demonstrate the feasibility of such an approach has been completed. The testing results were used to develop a preliminary design of a prototype compressor. In future phases of the program, the prototype compressor will be developed; a prototype system will be constructed and laboratory tested; and finally the prototype system will be flight demonstrated.     

Crystal orientation and morphology of a lamellae in wrought titanium alloys: On the role of microstructure evolution in b processing

To obtain high-quality aviation forgings of titanium alloys, b forging is an essential processing step which must be considered throughout a production process. In this work, the effect of b forging on the crystal orientation and morphology of lamellar a was experimentally investigated in a two-phase titanium alloy. Strong dynamic recovery during b working resulted in the formation of low-angle grain boundary(LAGBb) inside b grains. The lamellar a can penetrate through the LAGBb, leading to similar intra a LAGBs on subgrain boundaries. Deformation banding occurs at high strain rates, and both diffusive and sharp boundaries of deformation bands can be observed.A continuous change of the b orientation in diffusive boundaries results in the formation of fine and disordered a lamellae without intra-lamellar boundary to hold the Burgers orientation relationship(OR). On sharp boundaries, it is prone to producing continuous grain boundary a(aGB) with a highly similar orientation along the boundaries. Meanwhile, there may exist several lower-angle boundaries within the grain boundary a for a smoother orientation change on the b grain boundary.     

一种新型的固体火箭发动机体外点火器

为了提高固体发动机工作可靠性，增加装药质量，同时实现二级点火和级间分离，应用体外点火器是一种成功的方法。本文给出了此种点火器的设计方法，其设计特点为：点火器装于喷喉之后，喷焰长度由经验公式预估，装药设计和内弹道计算一并完成，实践证明本文提供的方法能满足工程设计需要。