连续同步复合法快速制备C/SiC复合材料

连续同步复合法是一种建立在传统 CVI原理基础上的制备碳布增韧陶瓷基复合材料的新工艺 ,在制备过程中碳布通过连续缠绕在旋转的石墨衬底上 ,使纤维预制体的制备与基体的热解沉积同步进行 ,从而实现增韧相与基体在宏观和微观尺度上同步复合。通过控制反应物气体浓度、沉积温度与碳布缠绕线速度 ,达到控制微观孔隙网络与宏观孔隙的协调致密化。采用连续同步复合法制备碳布增韧 Si C基复合材料 ,实际密度可达其理论密度的 93 % ,制备周期显著缩短。     

碳布叠层碳-碳复合材料刹车片的微观结构和断裂破坏

本文用扫描电子显微镜对碳-碳复合材料刹车片的微观结构和断裂破坏进行了比较系统的研究。研究表明,碳布叠层碳-碳复合材料的薄弱环节在叠层问。“球团状沉积碳”的出现与断裂破坏有密切关系。兰州炭素厂研制的碳布叠层碳-碳复合材料刹车片的微观结构形态与美国本狄克斯公司半乱短纤维模压碳-碳复合材料刹车片有很大差别。     

碳布缝合预制体孔隙与热解碳沉积时变相依的多尺度研究

以甲烷为前驱体,碳布缝合织物为预制体,采用等温化学气相渗透(ICVI)工艺,在1 368 K温度和1 s滞留时间下制备了C/C复合材料。采用压汞仪表征不同致密化时间下预制体的孔隙分布,采用偏光显微镜观察热解碳的结构。结果表明:预制体的孔隙分布呈现多峰分布,热解碳的沉积速率与[A/V]值成反比,热解碳的结构与预制体的比表面积相关,沉积初期比表面积较大时,得到的热解碳织构为各相同性和低织构热解碳,随着沉积的进行,比表面积逐渐减小,在纤维束的边沿等部位出现了高织构热解碳。     

预制体结构和热解碳组织对二维碳/碳复合材料热物理性能影响

制备了针刺毡、短纤维树脂模压、碳布叠层 3种预制体 ,其碳纤维体积含量均为 4 0 %。采用化学气相沉积工艺制备了 4种C/C复合材料 :针刺毡 粗糙体热解碳 (具有两种定向热解碳组织 )、短纤维 树脂和热解碳、碳布 光滑体热解碳复合材料 ,对其进行 2 5 0 0℃保温 2h的高温热处理。在 0～ 90 0℃ ,研究了预制体结构和热解碳组织对二维C/C复合材料的热膨胀系数、比热容、热扩散率、导热系数等热物理性能影响。研究发现 :预制体和热解碳结构对C/C复合材料热物理性能有强烈影响。 0～ 90 0℃ ,4种材料的热膨胀系数都非常小 ,与温度近似的成线性关系 ,且几乎具有相同的斜率 ,在一定条件下 ,其值呈现负热膨胀性质 ;0～ 90 0℃ ,4种材料都有高的导热系数 ,但作为温度的函数 ,其值随预制体结构、热解碳组织和传热方向而变化 ,x y向的导热系数 (2 5 .6～1 74W / (m·℃ ) )比z向的 (3.5～ 5 0W / (m·℃ ) )高几倍     

碳布叠层穿刺复合材料多尺度传热特性研究

为了深入认识复合材料的多尺度传热特性,预测复合材料宏观热物性参数,基于通用单胞思想和多尺度传热特性分析,建立了一种有效预测碳布叠层穿刺复合材料等效热物性参数的方法。基于电镜扫描分析了纤维束和编织结构的特征,采用通用单胞思想,建立了介/细观传热分析模型,通过数值仿真进行了一系列的多尺度传热特性分析,譬如:纤维体积分数对纤维束结构传热特性的影响、穿刺纤维束大小对编织结构传热特性的影响分析,在此基础上,建立了胞体模板扩展,初步将介/细观结构研究规律应用到宏观结构热物性预测,并进行多层胞体传热特性分析。验证实验表明:等效热物性预测值与实验值吻合较好,方法有效,为深入理解认识碳布叠层穿刺复合材料的介/细观传热特性提供了有效的分析手段。     

飞机碳/碳复合刹车材料制备工艺

飞机C/C复合刹车材料的出现标志着航空刹车系统的重大变革。本文通过C/C复合刹车材料制备工艺试验研究,确定选用压差法CVD工艺;该工艺选用吉林炭素厂碳布、纯度≥95％的丙烯沉积气和普通氨稀释气体,得到沉积温度>700℃、炉压<8000Pa等最佳的工艺参数;并阐述了碳布叠层夹角及高温热处理在沉积过程中的重要作用。     

飞机碳刹车盘用针刺毡的研究

从制作碳盘用原材料入手，系统地分析了三维针刺碳毡的结构、沉积原理．同现用碳布制盘进行了多方面的比较，认为三维针刺毡可以提高碳盘质量，改善碳盘性能，克服原有碳盘存在的诸项不足，并优于碳布叠层．     

不同机织结构碳布针刺后拉伸性能

针刺后碳布拉伸强力的大小决定了针刺预制体的性能,研究针刺后碳布拉伸强力可以为针刺工艺

参数优化、提高预制体性能提供重要参考。本文研究了不同机织结构碳布针刺前、后的拉伸性能及影响拉伸强力

的主要因素。在3K 平纹碳布、3K 斜纹碳布及3K 缎纹碳布中,3K 斜纹碳布具有较高的拉伸强力、较大的拉伸强

力保留率,针刺工艺性最好。在一定的针刺工艺下,碳布各层拉伸强力可以用函数y = A1 伊e-x / t1 + y0 来模拟,其中

A1、t1、y0为常数。针刺密度是影响针刺后碳布拉伸强力及强力保留率的主要因素,最终针刺密度决定了针刺后碳

布拉伸强力的大小。3K 斜纹碳布在针刺密度为26 针/ cm2 时,经、纬向的拉伸强力与未针刺时相比分别下降了

42.0%和49.1%;当针刺密度为32 针/ cm2时,其经、纬向拉伸强力则分别下降了71.4%和78郾8%。

     

C/SiC复合材料微结构的显微CT表征分析

利用显微CT表征了采用化学气相渗透法(CVI)制备的3D C/SiC复合材料的三维结构,评价了显微CT的微结构表征能力.结果表明:显微CT能够有效地分辨C/SiC复合材料的织构形貌、材料内部缺陷(孔隙和SiC基体密度差异).通过重构孔隙的三维结构,揭示了CVI过程预制体内部存在沉积气体滞留;通过重构孔隙壁的形貌,揭示了...     

微量Al 掺杂对2D C/ SiC 性能的影响

以二维编织碳纤维碳布为预制体,采用聚铝碳硅烷(PACS)为聚合物前驱体,应用化学气相渗透(CVI)结合聚合物浸渗-裂解(PIP)工艺制备微量Al掺杂2D C/SiC复合材料。研究微量Al掺杂对C/SiC微观结构、力学、热膨胀和氧-乙炔焰烧蚀性能的影响。结果表明:掺杂微量Al未改变C/SiC的微观结构和热膨胀性能,也未降低其韧性和强度;但微量Al掺杂提高了C/SiC的抗烧蚀性能,含微量Al的SiC氧化形成微量Al熔于SiO2的固熔体,微量Al提高了SiO2的黏度和致密度,减小SiO2挥发,较未掺杂Al的C/SiC相比,线烧蚀率降低了26%。     

烧结多孔结构的渗透和流阻特性研究

为研究粉末冶金多孔结构的渗透性和流阻,以空气和氢气为介质进行了实验.实验显示微孔内流雷诺数低于1时,介质流量与穿过多孔结构的压降呈线性关系;当内流雷诺数高于1时,其流量与压降呈非线性特征.分析表明:传统的堆积床经验关系式将低估氢气和空气在烧结材料微孔中的流阻;相反,高估烧结多孔结构的渗透性能.并用粉末烧结结构的氢气和空气渗透实验数据拟合了多孔结构渗透率及摩擦阻力关联式.      

一维、稳态、非热平衡发汗冷却的解析解研究

为了研究热平衡假设给求解发汗冷却问题带来的误差,同时避免非热平衡能量方程求解中边界条件提法上的争议,对一维、稳态、非热平衡发汗冷却数学模型进行了简化。通过忽略冷却介质流体在微孔流动中的热传导作用,得到了发汗冷却问题的解析解。利用解析解,讨论了热平衡与非热平衡的变化趋势以及影响热平衡的关键参数,并在此基础上,提出一个定量的热平衡假设使用准则。通过分析多孔材料骨架温度的变化趋势,研究了影响发汗冷却效率的因素。      

影响碳/碳复合材料常压碳化致密效果因素研究

研究了传统沥青浸渍、常压碳化工艺中影响沥青致密化效率的因素。结果表明：碳化压力、织物结构、材料尺寸、材料密度、碳化时间的长短等因素对致密化效果都有影响。通过改进工艺制度和工装，明显提高了沥青致密化效率，有的提高幅度在2倍以上。     

FINITE DIFFERENCE MODEL FOR SIMULATION OF DENSIFYING CARBON-CARBON COMPOSITES BY CHEMICAL VAPOR INFILTRATIONP ROCESSES

ＮｏｍｅｎｃｌａｔｕｒｅｓＡ０—ｃｏｅｆｉｃｉｅｎｔｏｆｔｈｅＡｒｈｅｎｉｕｓｅｑｕａｔｉｏｎＣ（ｎ）—ｈｙｄｒｏｃａｒｂｏｎｃｏｎｃｅｎｔｒａｔｉｏｎｉｎｕｎｉｔ（ｎ）（ｍｏｌ／ｃｍ３）Ｃ０—ｈｙｄｒｏｃａｒｂｏｎｃｏｎｃｅｎｔｒａｔｉｏｎａｔｅｘ...     

A Novel Approach for the Effective Thermal Conductivity of Porous Ceramics

A new approach in combination of the effective medium theory with the equivalent unit in numerical simulation was developed to study the effective thermal conductivity of porous ceramics. The finite element method was used to simulate the heat transfer process which enables to acquire accurate results through highly complicated modeling and intensive computation. An alternative approach to mesh the material into small cells was also presented. The effective medium theory accounts for the effective thermal conductivity of cells while the equivalent unit is subsequently applied in numerical simulation to analyze the effective thermal conductivity of the porous ceramics. A new expression for the effective thermal conductivity, allowing for some structure factors such as volume fraction of pores and thermal conductivity, was put forward, and the results of its application was proved to be close to those of the mathematical simulation.     

A Novel Approach for the Effective Thermal Conductivity of Porous Ceramics

A new approach in combination of the effective medium theory with the equivalent unit in numerical simulation was developed to study the effective thermal conductivity of porous ceramics. The finite element method was used to simulate the heat transfer process which enables to acquire accurate results through highly complicated modeling and intensive computation. An alternative approach to mesh the material into small cells was also presented. The effective medium theory accounts for the effective thermal conductivity of cells while the equivalent unit is subsequently applied in numerical simulation to analyze the effective thermal conductivity of the porous ceramics. A new expression for the effective thermal conductivity, allowing for some structure factors such as volume fraction of pores and thermal conductivity, was put forward, and the results of its application was proved to be close to those of the mathematical simula-tion.     

机场场面运行控制仿真软件开发及关键技术

针对飞行区场面运行控制仿真的需求,在Anylogic仿真平台上设计和开发了基于Petri网的飞行区场面运行控制仿真软件,并用于实现A-SMGCS冲突监控算法。通过分析基于Petri网的场面运行建模与控制仿真需求,确定了软件的功能目标和体系结构。研究了软件实现和开发中的几个关键技术问题,如Petri网模型基本类的设计、面向闭环控制的Petri网模型扩展定义、开环和闭环场面运行Petri网模型的仿真算法设计。某机场飞行区的场面运行控制仿真表明,软件可以完成场面运行的闭环控制仿真,支持实现冲突监控算法。     

Microstructure,porosity and mechanical properties of selective laser melted AlSi10Mg

Finite element modeling (FEM), microscopy, X-ray computed tomography (CT) and mechanical property tests were used to study the microstructure, porosity and mechanical properties of an AlSi10Mg alloy produced by selective laser melting (SLM). The simulation of the melt pool and thermal history under different energy densities produced an optimized result with an energy density of 44.5 J·mm⁻³. The high cooling rate during the SLM process significantly refined the previous α-Al dendrites. The growth direction of the network-like Al-Si eutectic structure at different orientations confirmed the anisotropic nature of the microstructure. Furthermore, the microhardness, tensile testing and fracture analysis results proved that there were no obvious distinctions in the strength between the transverse and longitudinal directions, and that the ductility was anisotropic, possibly due to the shape and distribution of the pores. The pores measured by X-ray CT at different energy densities confirmed that the sphericity of the pores was inversely related to pores volumes. With optimized processing conditions, the porosity of the selective laser melted sample decreased leading to the improved fabricated fuel system component via SLM.     

Research on disruptive design pre-identification in the preliminary design phase of aero engine flow pass multidisciplinary optimization

In aero engine design, determining whether the preliminary design will have disruptive effects on the detailed design is the key to multidisciplinary design optimization in the preliminary design stage. In order to adapt to the non-orthogonal parameter value range caused by the self-constrained parametric modeling method, a non-orthogonal space mapping method that maps the optimal Latin hypercube sampling points of the traditional orthogonal design space to the non-orthogonal design space is proposed. Based on the logical regression method in machine learning field, a kind of feasible domain boundary identification method is employed to identify whether the sample spatial response meets the relevant criteria. The method proposed in this paper is used to identify and analyze the key technologies of the high-pressure turbine mortise joint structure. It is found that the preliminary design of the aero engine may lead to the failure to obtain a mortise joint structure meeting the design requirements in the detailed design stage. The mortise joint structure needs to be pre-optimized in the preliminary design stage.     

直升机结构动特性建模技术研究

在直升机设计阶段通过建模分析进行全机动特性设计，准确地预测全机振动响应是控制和降低直升机振动水平的关键技术，本文以直11型直升机为研究对象，对机体结构的动特性建模技术进行了深入的研究，采用从部件到全机建模的研究策略，把整个机体分成尾段，舱门，机身段，分别进行有限元建模，动特性试验，相关分析，模型修改技术和建模准则的研究，在此基础上，对部件连接界面建模分析，组建修改后的各部件模型，建立全机动特性分析模型，通过对直11型机全机动力学建模，试验相关分析与模型修改，大大增强了分析模型的预测能力，达到了40Hz以内的频率误差小于11％的预测精度，突破了对直升机复杂结构建模关键技术，建立了适用于直升机结构动力学分析的建模准则，在直11型机动特性设计中取得了成功。