椭圆底扁薄球壳结构的双稳态力学行为

针对可变形鼓包型面设计方案需求,以铰支边界的椭圆底扁薄球壳模型为对象,通过数值仿真研究了结构双稳态构型的转换机理以及需要满足的参数条件;对稳态构型转换中的跳变类型以及影响因素进行了分析;给出了不同驱动方式下,加载位置和形状参数对稳态构型转换需要的临界驱动力以及结构内应变的影响.结果表明:结构在铰支约束下存在双稳态需满足一定的拱高厚度比;稳态构型在转换过程中存在局部跳变和整体跳变组合方式,可以通过选择加载位置和结构参数进行控制;结构发生跳变时的临界载荷和结构内应变与加载方式和结构参数有关.      

Estimation of the Combustion Chamber Shell Working Capacity for the Reusable Liquid-Propellant Rocket Engine

On the base of the simplified analytical model for the bimetallic shell of the combustion chamber of the reusable liquid-propellant rocket engine, the analysis of the loading of connectors between the shell walls and the accumulation of inelastic deformations in the inner wall material was carried out. The results obtained can be used for evaluation of the maximal number of engine operation cycles.     

Crushing of conical composites shells: a numerical analysis of the governing factors

A numerical and experimental analysis comparing the influence of specimen geometry, material composition and loading conditions on the crushing response of truncated conical shells is presented. The analysis is based on a new multi-layered numerical modelling composed of shell and solid elements. A material model appropriate for balanced fabrics has been developed including in-plane failure, delamination failure and resulting degradation models.     

复合材料加筋圆柱壳稳定性的非线性有限元分析

 本文应用全拉格朗日列式法,对具有纵、横向加筋的叠层圆柱壳进行了非线性有限元稳定性理论公式的推导及求解过程的探讨。文中应用Sander's壳体理论的几何非线性及横向剪切,推导了矩形壳元及与该壳元变形相协调的直梁元与曲梁元的刚度矩阵,编制了FORTRAN计算程序。计算了柱、曲拱、曲壳拱,碳纤维加筋圆柱壳均匀轴压下的前后屈曲。也可用于计算加筋筒壳的弯曲、压-弯及外压等情况。     

均布载荷作用下正交各向异性圆锥扁薄壳的非线性稳定性问题

 本文研究了均布载荷作用下边缘可移夹支正交各向异性圆锥扁薄壳的轴对称屈曲问题。利用摄动法得到了临界载荷的近似解析表达式,对几种典型的纤维增强复合材料圆锥扁薄壳给出了数值结果和图表,可供工程应用参考。     

轴系刚度对新型空气动力负载模拟器的影响

新型空气动力负载模拟器是在传统的电液负载模拟器上增加一个位置同步马达,补偿由舵机主动转动产生的位置扰动。理论和实验研究表明 ,由于同步马达与加载马达之间,舵机马达与加载马达之间不可避免地存在机械连接环节 ,即使同步马达与承载马达完全保持位置同步,加载马达轴和壳的相对速度以及多余力矩也不能百分之百被消除。     

Analysis of nonlinear deformation and stability of reinforced elliptic cylindrical shells under bending with internal pressure

A finite element statement of solving problems on stability of reinforced elliptic cylindrical shells taking into account momentness and nonlinearity of their subcritical stress strain state is presented. The explicit expressions for displacements of noncircular cylindrical shell elements as rigid bodies are determined by integrating the equations obtained by equating the components of linear strains to zero. These expressions were used to construct the form functions for an efficient quadrilateral finite element of natural curvature. An efficient numerical algorithm of nonlinear deformation and stability of shells was developed. The stability of reinforced elliptic cylindrical shells under combined loading by bending moment, transverse boundary force and internal pressure is analyzed. We also examine how the critical loads are affected by the strain nonlinearity and ellipticity of shell deformation at the subcritical stage.     

基于雨流计数法的随机声疲劳寿命估算方法研究

针对飞机结构中的声疲劳破坏问题,以雨流计数法的基本原理和计数规则为基础,研究了雨流计数法在Mallab语言中的具体实现方法并得到载荷谱,结合材料性能S-N曲线在Miner线性累积损伤理论准则下估算结构疲劳寿命.并以某航空薄壁柱壳结构为例进行疲劳寿命估算,取得了良好的效果,从而为结构的声疲劳寿命估算提供了一种可行的方法.     

Analysis of the effect of stiffener profile on buckling strength in composite isogrid stiffened shell under axial loading

In this paper, the buckling behavior of thin-walled GFRP cylindrical shells with triangular lattice patterned reinforcements formed by helical and circumferential ribs under axial force is analyzed. In this analysis, various models of composite isogrid stiffened cylindrical shells with outer diameter of 150 millimeters, shell thickness of 0.5 millimeters and height of 280 millimeters, stiffened with 6 helical and 2 circumferential ribs and all with the same material properties of shell and ribs are used. Ribs have constant section areas but different shapes and cross section profiles. The effects of these differences on buckling strengths of structures under axial load are studied. For analysis and modeling of structures, Finite Element Analysis method and ANSYS software were used. The results (elastic buckling load) for each model were derived and based on these results, ratio of buckling strengths to weight parameters were calculated for each model and were compared to results obtained from other models. The effect of profile of the ribs on the buckling of shells under axial loading can be concluded from the results. Results showed that stiffening the shells increased the buckling load from 10% up to 36% while decreased the buckling load to weight ratio to 42% up to 52% of an unstiffened shell.     

Nonlinear deformation and stability of supported oval cylindrical shells under torsion and bending with internal pressure

A problem of geometrically nonlinear deformation and stability of supported cylindrical shells with the oval cross-section contour is solved by the finite element method. The nonlinear deformation and stability of shells under combined loading by bending, torsion moments, transverse force and internal pressure are analyzed. The critical loads and buckling modes of shells are determined. The influence of deformation nonlinearity and shell ovality on critical loads is clarified.     

Analysis of geometrically nonlinear shells of revolution based on the finite element method with the vector interpolation of desired quantities

In this paper, we present an algorithm for geometrically nonlinear finite element analysis of the shells of revolution. Use is made of the most proper algorithms for vector interpolation of displacements through the nodal unknowns and an efficient algorithm for obtaining the stress-strain increment relation at a step of loading. By comparing the results of analyzing a geometrically nonlinear shell of revolution obtained on the basis of the ANSYS software with the scalar interpolation of displacements with those obtained on the basis of an author-developed finite element, it has been shown that application of the FEM vector displacement interpolation leads to increasing the accuracy of the finite element solutions in analyzing the stress-strain state of the geometrically nonlinear shells.     

声载荷作用下高温薄壁结构响应特性分析

先进的航空航天器表面结构暴露在严酷的工作载荷环境中,包括复杂的机械力载荷、压力载荷、声载荷和热载荷等,航空航天器表面结构可简化为薄壁结构,在复合载荷作用下结构以非线性方式响应,呈现出复杂的响应特性。首先以热弹性力学、板壳理论及结构稳定性原理为基础,建立热及噪声载荷联合作用下薄壁板运动模态方程,讨论了薄壁结构跳变响应的机理,进而运用等价线性化方法求解模态方程,在此基础上分析了热及噪声载荷对薄壁结构屈曲的影响,进而探讨了热及噪声载荷作用下薄壁结构的非线性响应统计特性。计算了四边简支高温钛合金薄板在声载荷下四个关键点处的均方应变,为进一步开展薄壁结构声疲劳寿命估算和强度设计奠定了基础。     

爆炸冲击波对反舰导弹发动机舱的毁伤效应

为研究爆炸冲击波对来袭反舰导弹发动机舱的毁伤效应,应用ANSYS/LS-DYNA软件,对定量TNT和压装8701炸药爆炸产生的冲击波毁伤不同距离处的反舰导弹发动机舱进行了数值模拟。计算结果表明:爆炸冲击波对导弹发动机舱的毁伤以壳体凹陷为主要形式,对凹陷壳体周围区域几乎没有影响；爆炸冲击波对反舰导弹发动机舱的毁伤效应,随起爆点距离增加而迅速减小,且初期衰减速度明显大于后期。10 kg的装药量、炸点位于3 m处时,TNT和压装8701炸药对反舰导弹发动机舱基本无法造成毁伤。     

长期贮存条件下固体发动机药柱应力分析

固体火箭发动机在贮存过程中壳体和推进剂共同承担各种复杂随机载荷,这些载荷的作用会引起推进剂装药力学性能的变化,从而直接危及发动机工作的可靠性。论文选用随机温度载荷为计算背景,并以通用有限元软件为平台,建立了固体发动机结构模型,通过仿真得到了发动机药柱在随机温度载荷下的等效应力变化规律。     

复合材料层压板圆角区面外受载失效分析

为了研究复合材料层压板圆角区在面外载荷作用下的失效过程,基于ABAQUS有限元软件中的连续壳单元和cohesive单元建立了有限元模型,在该模型中,采用hashin准则预测面内损伤,而对于圆角区分层损伤的起始与扩展,则采用cohesive单元进行模拟。采用该模型对复合材料层压板圆角区在面外载荷作用下的破坏过程进行仿真,仿真结果与试验结果相比较表明:本文建立的有限元分析模型能较好地模拟复合材料层压板圆角区在面外载荷作用下的失效过程,并且能较好地预测该结构的承载能力。     

航空发动机转速传感器振动试验载荷确定及应用

航空发动机成品振动试验多数参考振动环境试验相关标准执行,没有真正意义上结合成品的振动特性与发动机实测振动环境确定振动试验载荷,导致成品内场试验潜在问题没有暴露出来,外场交付使用问题频发,严重影响发动机可靠性水平.以某型发动机转速传感器为研究对象,详细地阐述了转速传感器振动环境载荷确定的工作流程和方法,提出了基于疲劳次数的正弦振动试验方法并完成了产品的试验验证,发现了壳体裂纹、输出断路等故障,将改进后的产品进行回归验证,故障未再发生.基于实测数据制定的正弦振动试验方法,对转速传感器的结构完整性进行了验证,可为确定传感器类成品试验载荷和验证产品的可靠性水平提供新的方法.     

Analysis of nonlinear deformation and stability of oval cylindrical shells under combined loading by bending and torsion moments

A problem of geometrically nonlinear deformation and stability of cylindrical shells with noncircular cross-section contour is solved by the finite element method. The nonlinear system of algebraic equations to determine the nodal unknowns of finite elements is obtained with the use of the variational Lagrange principle. The system is solved by the method of successive loadings with the use of the Newton-Kantorovich method of linearization, the method of solving linear Craut’s equations and Sylvestor’s stability criterion. The nonlinear deformation and stability of shells with the oval and elliptical cross-sections under combined loading by bending and torsion moments are analyzed. The critical loads and buckling modes of shells are determined. The influence of deformation nonlinearity, shell ovality and ellipticity on the critical loads is clarified.     

风扇叶片丢失激励下转子-支承系统结构安全性设计策略

以高涵道比涡扇发动机风扇叶片丢失载荷激励下的转子-支承系统为研究对象,提出了一套结构安全性设计策略,即通过支承方案与载荷分配、变刚度支承结构和支承结构变形控制,结合转子结构动力学特性设计,实现转子结构安全性设计.研究表明:风扇后支点采用变刚度支承结构设计,能够在转子减速停车过程中减小风扇局部振动临界转速与相应振幅.通过设计滚珠轴承支承锥壳锥角,能够使支承具有较高的轴向承载能力并减小转轴变形对滚珠轴承的影响.轴承座底部与转轴间采用鼓形配合面连接设计,能够在大弯矩作用下通过配合面相互滑移避免支承随转轴变形,保证轴承安全.研究结果可为恶劣载荷作用下高涵道比涡扇发动机结构安全性设计提供依据.      

一种半球谐振陀螺谐振子动力学建模方法

准确完备的半球谐振陀螺（HRG）谐振子动力学模型是陀螺误差分析的基础。为建立半球壳谐振子动力学模型,基于弹性力学薄壳理论,提出了一种谐振子动力学建模方法。首先,在薄壳的弹性力学几何方程基础上,推导了半球壳谐振子的变形几何方程。其次,在提高受力分析计算精度的基础上,推导了半球壳谐振子的物理方程。然后,分析了谐振子中面的受力平衡关系,推导了谐振子的平衡微分方程。最后,基于以上对整个谐振子的动力学分析,建立了谐振子动力学方程。根据谐振子的不同外载荷形式,利用布勃诺夫-伽辽金法求解得到谐振子2阶谐振状态动力学模型,并得到了谐振子比例系数和2阶谐振频率的表达式。通过对比验证可以看出,参数计算值与实测数据结果一致,证明了所建立的动力学模型的准确性。     

结冰环境下结冰/除冰过程的气动参数测量实验技术

采用结冰风洞实验方法,在0.3m×0.2m结冰风洞第二实验段对圆柱模型的结冰/除冰过程进行了气动参数测量实验。建立了电加热圆柱模型和适合低温高湿环境的五分量外式微量天平,获得了结冰气象环境下圆柱模型结冰/除冰过程的气动力/力矩随时间的变化规律。喷雾对载荷和动压的影响可以忽略,单位时间内模型受到喷雾的最大水平力、最大动压增量分别为0.6%和0.2%。基于结冰风洞低温高湿环境的测力实验技术可以捕捉结冰/除冰过程的气动力/力矩变化。结冰过程中,圆柱模型阻力系数随时间不断增大,呈现出近似线性增长趋势,而升力系数、俯仰力矩系数、偏航力矩系数、滚转力矩系数的变化可忽略不计。除冰过程中,前缘冰壳滑动改变了姿态,会造成阻力系数、偏航力矩系数、滚转力矩系数等迅速变化,其对气动性能的影响难以预测。