原位反应合成Nb掺杂Al2O3/TiAl复合材料的显微结构分析

利用Al-Ti-TiO2体系原位反应合成了Nb掺杂Al2O3／TiAl复合材料。借助XRD和SEM研究了Nb掺杂Al2O3／TiAl的显微结构以及Nb引入量对复合材料显微结构的影响。结果表明，复合材料由TiAl、Ti3Al、Al2O3、Nb和NbAl3相构成，细小Al2O3颗粒分布于基体晶粒交界处，存在一定的团聚；Nb元素引入量的高低，可调节产物中TiAl和Ti3Al的相对含量，随Nb含量的增大，TiAl含量逐渐减少，Ti3Al则逐渐增大；同时，基体晶粒和Al2O3颗粒均有所细化，且分布逐渐均匀，材料的均匀性得到改善。     

Fe_2O_3掺杂原位合成Al_2O_3/TiAl复合材料的组织与性能

利用Ti-Al-TiO2-Fe2O3体系的放热反应,原位热压合成了Fe掺杂的Al2O3/TiAl复合材料。借助XRD和SEM研究了复合材料的物相组成和显微结构以及Fe2O3引入量对复合材料结构和力学性能的影响。结果表明:产物主要由γ-TiAl,α2-Ti3Al,Al2O3相构成,Al2O3颗粒分布于基体交界处,存在一定的团聚;随Fe2O3的掺杂量增大,Al2O3颗粒呈细小弥散分布,同时基体晶粒尺寸也减小,较好地改善了材料的力学性能,复合材料的相对密度和洛氏硬度逐渐增大。Fe2O3掺杂量为0.84%(质量分数)时,复合材料弯曲强度和断裂韧度达到最大值,分别为624MPa和6.63 MPa·m1/2。     

Al_2O_3/TiAl 复合材料的原位合成、结构与性能研究(英文)

以 Ti, Al, TiO2和 Nb2O5混合粉为原料,采用热压反应合成技术制备了 Al2O3/TiAl 复合材料。对复合材料的微观组织与力学性能进行了研究。结果表明:产物由γ-TiAl, α2-Ti3Al, Al2O3和 NbAl3相组成。原位反应形成的细小 Al2O3粒子主要分布在基体晶界处。随着 Nb2O5含量的增加,晶粒明显细化,Al2O3粒子呈弥散分布在基体中。最终形成了由γ和γ α2构成的特殊组织。随着 Nb2O5含量的增大,复合材料的硬度逐渐增大,抗弯强度和断裂韧性在 Nb2O5含量为 6 wt%时达到最大,分别为 398.5 MPa 和 6.99 MPa·m1/2。     

Ho_2O_3掺杂对原位合成HoAl-Al_2O_3/TiAl复合材料显微组织及性能的影响

采用固态置换反应原位合成工艺,利用Al—Ti—TiO2-Ho2O3体系的放热反应合成了HoAl-Al2O3／TiAl复合材料。利用XRD和SEM分析了Ho2O3掺：枭对原位合成HoAl,Al2O3颗粒强化钛铝基复合材料显微组织的影响,探讨了稀土氧化物（Ho2O3）的细化机制。测试了力学性能。结果表明：Al—Ti—TiO2-Ho2O3系原位合成的HoAl-Al2O3／TiAl复合材料由TiAl,Ti3Al,Al2O3以及HoAl相组成;HoAl金属间化合物弥散分布于基体晶粒和Al2O3颗粒交界处,限制颗粒长大,细化基体晶粒与Al2O3,颗粒,同时提高了HoAl,Al2O3颗粒在基体中的分散度;Ho2O3的引入改善了复合材料的力学性能。     

PAXD法制备TiB/TiAl基复合材料及其力学性能研究

利用Al-Ti-B体系的放热反应,通过压力辅助放热弥散法(PAXD),原位合成了TiB/TiAl基复合材料.借助XRD,SEM分析了TiB/TiAl复合材料微观组织及并测试了其力学性能,探讨了TiB增强增韧TiAl金属间化合物的机制.研究结果表明:其增强相为TiB,基体相为TiAl和Ti3Al.TiB增强体主要以颗粒状、板状及细棒状均匀分布在基体中,其尺寸范围为亚微米级.复合材料的弯曲强度及断裂韧度较二元的TiAl金属间化合物有很大的提高.原位合成TiB/TiAl复合材料主要强化机制有:弥散强化、热膨胀合理失配强化机制、晶须(晶棒)强化.     

高能球磨及热压合成Al_2O_3/Ti_3AlC_2复合材料显微机理分析

以Ti,Al和活性炭粉为主要原料,利用高能球磨及热压烧结工艺在1200℃合成Al2O3/Ti3AlC2复合材料,复合材料是在Ti3AlC2层状材料的制备过程中同时被合成。研究了在Ti-Al-C体系中,烧结温度对反应产物的影响,并重点分析了反应机理及材料微观结构对性能的影响。结果表明:通过高能球磨使的Ti3AlC2的烧结温度降低,在1200℃热压烧结时得到了物相比较均匀的、致密的Al2O3/Ti3AlC2复合材料;通过XRD,DSC和SEM测试,分析了Al2O3/Ti3AlC2复合材料的相组成及显微结构,发现Al2O3以颗粒形式均匀地分布在Ti3AlC2基体中,起到弥散增强的效果,并通过阻碍Ti3AlC2表面微裂纹的扩展使裂纹在断裂扩展过程中中断,起到微裂纹增韧效果,大大提高了复合材料的力学性能。     

Al-TiO2-C系原位合成铝基复合材料高温拉伸性能及断裂机理

讨论了Al-TiO2-C反应系原位反应合成铝基复合材料的常温和高温拉伸性能及其断裂机理.当C/TiO2摩尔比为0时,增强相由α-Al2O3和Al3Ti组成,随C/TiO2摩尔比的增加,Al3Ti逐渐减少,在C/TiO2摩尔比为1时,Al3Ti基本消失.室温抗拉强度和延伸率随C/TiO2摩尔比的增加而同步提高,分别由250.4 MPa和4.0%上升到350.8 MPa和6.0%.SEM观察发现有的Al3Ti自身解理开裂,并在四周形成较大韧窝,拉伸时裂纹核可在Al3Ti棒中和基体中α-Al2O3的聚集处形成,并分别在棒的解理面和基体中扩展引起断裂.高温时,热错配应力促使裂纹核先于基体在Al3Ti棒与基体的界面萌生扩展,Al3Ti从基体中脱离,断口出现洞坑,C/TiO2摩尔比为1的复合材料在727K时,拉伸强度降为93.3MPa,延伸率升为11.0%.     

熔铝氧化渗透合成SiCp/Al2O3-Al复合材料的微观结构分析

以低成本的熔铝氧化渗透合成新方法制备了SiCp/Al2O3-Al复合材料.借助X光电子谱(XPS)、光学金相显微镜、透射电镜(TEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)等手段研究了该种复合材料的微观结构,并分析了影响微观结构的主要因素及其影响规律.结果表明,Al2O3和Al作为复合材料基体呈双连续分布,它们各自的含量可在较大范围内受SiC颗粒的粒度所控制.在熔铝氧化渗透合成的SiCp/Al2O3-Al复合材料中,各组成相之间无界面反应,也无晶间相,Al2O3在SiC颗粒表面二次形核并直接生长的现象普遍存在,并由此形成了具有良好物理冶金结合的Al2O3-SiC一体化陶瓷骨架.     

Y_2O_3掺杂对原位合成TiB/TiAl复合材料显微组织与性能的影响

借助于XRD,SEM分析及力学性能测试,分析了Y2O3掺杂对原位合成TiB/TiAl复合材料显微组织与力学性能的影响.研究表明:Ti-Al-B-Y2O3,体系反应产物的相组成基体为Ti3Al和TiAl相,增强相为TiB,并有微量的Al2O3,YAl3(BO3).相生成.Y2O3的引入,改变了基体TiAl相和Ti,Al相相对含量,生成的YAl3(BO3)4为陶瓷相,其微细、均匀地扩散到基体内部,可细化晶粒.力学性能测试表明,Y2O3的引入能有效改善复合材料的力学性能.     

Ti-Al-TiO2系的热压合成及反应过程研究

利用Ti-Al-TiO2系的放热反应,以原位合成和联合引入Al2O3颗粒的思路经热压合成了TiAl基复合材料。借助DTA研究了Ti-Al-TiO2系的反应过程,并采用XRD、SEM等检测手段表征了产物的相组成及微观结构。结果表明:Ti-Al-TiO2系的反应始于Al的熔化,首先发生了Ti和Al的化合反应最早生成了TiAl3;继而引发了Al和TiO2的还原反应,释放出大量热量;最后非稳定态TiAl3与Ti结合经竞争扩散反应,生成稳定态的TiAl和Ti3Al。产物由TiAl、Ti3Al和Al2O3三种物相组成,Al2O3颗粒分布于基体交界处,存在一定的团聚。Al2O3的引入,使得基体晶粒尺寸变小,但脆性相含量增多。     

ν-gap度量及其在飞行控制律评估中的应用

 传统控制律评估方法主要用于单输入单输出（SISO）系统，且对模型参数摄动考虑不够全面,针对这些不足，研究了ν-gap度量方法。在介绍系统广义稳定裕度相关概念的基础上，给出了ν-gap度量的定义、特点和性质以及近似摄动模型的计算，提出ν-gap度量评估控制律的步骤。实例结果表明，该方法不仅克服了上述传统评估方法的缺陷，而且还有根据所求的各摄动影响情况忽略影响小的元素，以减少计算量及可以找到最坏情况下的参数摄动组合等优点。     

Integrated Entry Guidance for Reusable Launch Vehicle

A method for the implementation of integrated three-degree-of-freedom constrained entry guidance for reusable launch vehicle is presented. Given any feasible entry conditions, terminal area energy management interface conditions, and the reference trajectory generated onboard then, the method can generate a longitudinal guidance profile rapidly, featuring linear quadratic regular method and a proportional-integral-derivative tracking law with time-varying gains, which satisfies all the entry corridor constraints and meets the requirements with high precision. Afterwards, by utilizing special features of crossrange parameter, establishing bank-reversal corridor, and determining bank-reversals according to dynamically adjusted method, the algorithm enables the lateral entry guidance system to fly a wide range of missions and provides reliable and good performance in the presence of significant aerodynamic modeling uncertainty. Fast trajectory guidance profiles and simulations with a reusable launch vehicle model for various missions and aerodynamic uncertain-ties are presented to demonstrate the capacity and reliability of this method.     

基于飞机油箱模型形状特征油量测量切片步长选择方法研究

 在分析飞机数字式油量测量过程中目前广泛使用的切片法油量测量原理的基础上,针对现有的定步长切片法无法得到准确、可靠的燃油质量特性数据库的缺陷,结合对飞机油箱模型形状特征的分析,提出了基于飞机油箱模型形状特征的油量测量切片步长选择方法。此方法包括切片步长整体和局部选择两个过程,整体选择以实现相邻两切片平面所夹油箱模型体积近似相等为目的来确定切片步长,以体现油箱模型截面整体变化规律;局部选择以设计切片平面与截面突变平面重合或尽可能接近的方式,突出油箱截面的局部变化特征。实验结果表明：该切片步长选择方法较定步长方法能够建立更为合理、可靠的燃油质量特性数据库,从而提高了油量测量精度。     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

二维翼段颤振的μ控制

 采用超声电机作为作动器来实现含控制面的翼段颤振鲁棒抑制。针对作者设计的二维翼段颤振主动抑制系统，通过理论与实验相结合的方法，建立了考虑沉浮方向阻尼和作动器模型参数不确定性的控制系统模型，设计了μ控制器，并对控制器做了降阶处理。数值仿真和风洞试验表明，μ控制器可有效地抑制颤振的发生，将颤振临界速度提高23.4%。相对于H_∞控制器，μ控制器的控制效果和鲁棒性更好。     

航空发动机管路测量数据分割方法

 为了提高航空发动机管路测量数据的反求建模效率,提出了一种区域增长分割算法。该方法主要是利用管路表面在曲面索引系数映射、主曲率映射、高斯映射上的特性,并基于均值漂移算法和遗传算法提出了区域分割算法中种子区域的选择策略。然后利用区域增长分割方法实现了对管路测量数据的分割。经过仿真和实测数据验证,所提管路分割算法具有较好的分割质量和效率。     

Abnormal Shape Mould Winding

为解决网格化芯模的缠绕问题,本文提出了复合材料面片缠绕机理;接着详细分析了面片缠绕过程中的芯模凹曲面上纤维滑线和架空现象,应用微分几何曲面理论和空间几何理论,提出判据及其解决方案;最后,针对飞机发动机进气道的缠绕成型,编制缠绕控制程序并进行相应的实验,验证了面片缠绕方法的可行性。     

Interfacial Properties Modification of Carbon Fiber/ Polyarylacetylene Composites

This work was dedicated to performing surface oxidation and coating treatments on carbon fibers (CF) and investigating the changes of fiber surface properties after these treatments, including surface composition, relative volume of functional groups, and sur- face topography with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and atom force microscopy (AFM) technology. The results show that, after oxidation treatments, interfacial properties between CF and non-polar polyarylacetylene (PAA) resin are remarkably modified by removing weak surface layers and increasing fiber surface roughness. Coating treatment by high char phenolic resin solution after oxida- tion makes interface of CF/PAA composites to be upgraded and the interfacial properties further bettered.     

Thermal Stresses and Cracks During the Growth of Large-sized Sapphire with SAPMAC Method

本文利用有限元法对冷心放肩微量提拉法(SAPMAC)生长大尺寸蓝宝石单晶过程中的热应力进行了模拟计算,应用临界缺陷理论解释了裂纹的萌生与扩展机理。研究表明,晶体内的热应力主要与晶体生长速率,环境温度和结晶取向有关;较大热应力多出现在结晶界面,放肩、收尾以及直径急剧变化等位置;最大热应力总是出现在籽晶与新生晶体的界面附近。裂纹将在临界缺陷位置产生,并在应力作用下沿a或m面扩展。计算结果与实验结果基本吻合,通过晶体生长系统和生长工艺的改进,对晶体的开裂问题得到了有效的抑制。     

Optimization Design System for Composite Structures Based on Grid Technology

To solve the topology optimization of complicated multi-objective continuous/discrete design variables in aircmit structure design, a Parallel Pareto Genetic Algorithm （PPGA） is presented based on grid platform in this paper. In the algorithm, the commercial finite element analysis （FEA） software is integrated as the calculating tool for analyzing the objective functions and the filter of Pareto solution set based on weight information is introduced to deal with the relationships among all objectives. Grid technology is utilized in PPGA to realize the distributed computations and the user interface is developed to realize the job submission and job management locally/remotely. Taking the aero-elastic tailoring of a composite wing for optimization as an example, a set of Pareto solutions are obtained for the decision-maker. The numerical results show that the aileron reversal problem can be solved by adding the limited skin weight in this system. The algorithm can be used to solve complicated topology optimization for composite structures in engineering and the computation efficiency can be improved greatly by using the grid platform that aggregates numerous idle resources.