基于TOPSIS的空战效能多指标评估模型

战斗机空战效能评估在武器装备研制采购、对比敌我双方作战实力等方面发挥着重要作用,传统评估 模型只能在宏观上对空战效能进行评估,无法通过对比不同战机的优劣指标来进行微观评估。借鉴双基点法 改进多指标评估模型,构建空战效能评估模型;针对超视距空战和视距内空战,分别建立不同的指标体系;根据 评估指标赋权时主观法与客观法存在的缺陷,利用最小信息熵原理综合结构熵和信息熵两种不同类型的赋权 技术,构造组合赋权法。算法验证表明:组合赋权法不仅可以反映两种视距条件下指标重要程度的不同特点, 而且改进模型能纠正传统模型的评估错误,可以对空战效能进行有效评估。     

一种基于投影寻踪的航天器健康评估方法

针对常用健康评估方法在航天器测控管理领域应用过程中出现的通用性、易用性和适用性方面的不足,提出了一种基于投影寻踪评估模型的航天器健康评估方法.该方法首先计算得出分系统运行状态的可信度;然后利用卫星故障预案和故障实例构建投影寻踪评估模型,自动获取运行状态指数评价权重;最后通过构建等级评价标准对航天器健康状态进行评估.以某在轨卫星为例进行仿真测试,验证结果显示该方法所构建模型简便且易于升级维护,评估结果与实际情况吻合,对解决实际的工程问题具有实用价值.     

GNSS无线电掩星大气探测混合星座设计

针对目前GNSS无线电掩星大气探测卫星星座参数依赖大量仿真计算进行统计选取的研究现状,通过将探测卫星星下点与大气测点间地心角距作为观测半径提出了一种虚拟“星—地”遥感假设,给出了一种崭新的掩星测点预估方法,具有计算速度快的特点.基于该方法推导了探测星座参数与大气探测覆盖性之间的极值相关特性,建立了GNSS无线电掩星大气探测卫星星座设计准则,并以GPS和BD为兼容性观测信源完成了GNSS掩星大气探测混合卫星星座设计.通过仿真试验,验证了设计方法的快速性和可行性,GPS+BD掩星大气探测混合星座每日可实现掩星探测量为COSMIC星座的3倍以上,12h内掩星测点全球分布均匀度提升12％.     

Performance of spaceborne bistatic synthetic aperture radar

This paper reports on a model developed for evaluating major system performance of a spaceborne bistatic synthetic aperture radar (SAR) for remote sensing applications. The procedure accounts for formation flying aspects. It is particularly aimed at comparison of monostatic and bistatic cases, and, as a test case, it is applied to study a novel configuration, based on a small satellite equipped with a receiving-only antenna orbiting in tandem with a large, noncooperative transmitting spacecraft, the Italian COSMO-SkyMed mission. Numerical results and plots show the effectiveness of the procedure as a mission design tool and put in evidence key issues and characteristics of the proposed spaceborne bistatic formation.     

Target localization based on cross-view matching between UAV and satellite

Matching remote sensing images taken by an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) with satellite remote sensing images with geolocation information. Thus, the specific geographic location of the target object captured by the UAV is determined. Its main challenge is the considerable differences in the visual content of remote sensing images acquired by satellites and UAVs, such as dramatic changes in viewpoint, unknown orientations, etc. Much of the previous work has focused on image matching of homologous data. To overcome the difficulties caused by the difference between these two data modes and maintain robustness in visual positioning, a quality-aware template matching method based on scale-adaptive deep convolutional features is proposed by deeply mining their common features. The template size feature map and the reference image feature map are first obtained. The two feature maps obtained are used to measure the similarity. Finally, a heat map representing the probability of matching is generated to determine the best match in the reference image. The method is applied to the latest UAV-based geolocation dataset (University-1652 dataset) and the real-scene campus data we collected with UAVs. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of the method.     

基于多指标综合评判法的空中加油机作战效能评估

针对空中加油机作战效能评估问题,构建了空中加油机作战效能评估指标体系,并对空中加油机的作战效能指标数据进行挖掘,利用信息熵概念求得各指标属性的重要度,并归一化处理为各效能指标的权重系数,克服了传统权重系数确定方法的主观性;然后,建立了基于理性解法的空中加油机作战效能多指标综合评价模型;最后,通过实例,对几种现役典型的空中加油机作战效能进行了评估,并得到了计算结果,同时验证了该模型的有效性。     

An autonomous celestial navigation method for LEO satellite based on unscented Kalman filter and information fusion

A reliable and secure navigation system and assured autonomous capability of satellite are in high demand in case of emergencies in space. Celestial navigation is a fully autonomous navigation method for satellite. To near earth satellite, the earth direction is the most important measurement and the horizon sensing accuracy is the most important factor which effects celestial navigation accuracy. According to the mode of acquiring horizon measurement, satellite celestial navigation methods can be broadly classified into two approaches: directly sensing horizon using earth sensor and indirectly sensing horizon by observation of starlight atmospheric refraction. For these two methods are complementary to each other, a new Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF) based information fusion method is proposed here for hybriding them. Compared to the traditional celestial navigation method, this method can provide better navigation performance and higher reliability. The hardware-in-loop test results demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of this method, in most cases the accuracy is sufficient for near earth civilian satellite and moreover it can be used as a backup system to provide redundancy.     

基于相邻优属度熵权的飞机抗毁伤能力评估

针对飞机抗毁伤能力评估的重要性以及抗毁伤能力评估的复杂与模糊性,提出基于相邻优属度熵权的飞机抗毁伤能力评估方法.从飞机敏感性、易损性、战伤抢修性和作战能力四个方面构建飞机抗毁伤能力评估指标体系,运用相邻优属度法和熵权法确定主客观权重,并根据评估指标的性质提出抗毁伤能力评估模型.通过算例验证,结果表明:基于相邻优属度熵权的飞机抗毁伤能力评估方法易于实现、操作性强、应用价值高,评估结果也更具客观性,有效地解决了飞机抗毁伤能力评估中的问题.     

可拓方法在飞航导弹早期保障方案评价中的应用

针对飞航导弹早期保障方案评价中定性指标定量化的问题,文中采用可拓层次分析法确定指标权重,多指标可拓评价方法确定评价模型,较好地实现了对方案的评价。     

Analytical solutions for Earth discontinuous coverage of satellite constellation with repeating ground tracks

This paper presents an analytical model for calculating the Earth discontinuous coverage of satellite constellation with repeating ground tracks by integrating and extending the application of coverage region and route theory. Specifically, the visibility condition for a ground point is represented as a coverage region in the two-dimension map of visibility properties, and the trajectories of satellites with circular orbits and repeating ground tracks are converted to several inclined lines in the map. By analyzing the intersections of the lines and the edge of the coverage region, the coverage durations for the ground point can be calculated. Based on the point coverage, the variations of coverage characteristics along the parallel are analyzed, and the regional or global coverage characteristics of constellations can be obtained. Numerical examples show that the proposed method can accurately and rapidly calculate the coverage characteristics, e.g. revisit time and coverage time. The calculated results are extremely close to those of the Satellite Tool Kit (STK) and are also superior to the existing research results. The proposed analytical model can be a useful tool for constellation design and coverage performance analysis.     

分布式微振动测量及成像质量影响分析

光学遥感卫星的微振动力学环境是影响在轨成像质量的主要因素之一,已成为遥感领域的研究热点.以保证卫星在轨成像质量为目标,分析了成像质量对卫星微振动隔振抑制需求,并采用测量主要光学元件角位移分析微振动对成像质量影响的方法,对某型卫星CMG组开机工作对相机传函的影响进行了分析验证.     

于不确定性与重要度的改进DSmT健康状态评估

针对目前健康状态评估准确度不高、客观性不强的问题,引入评估指标的不确定性和重要度,提出一种基于不确定性和重要度的改进DSmT（Dezert Smarandache theory）健康状态评估方法.首先,引入指标不确定性和重要度作为加权因子,能够得到比较合理的指标权重；其次,采用模糊综合评判方法,通过构造三角形梯形隶属度函数确定各指标的广义基本信度赋值；然后,基于指标权重对广义基本信度赋值进行改进DSmT融合,得到各指标的广义基本信度赋值加权融合后的评估结果；最后,以某供电系统为例进行了实例验证,结果表明该方法能够赋予各评估指标较合理的权重,健康状态评估结果与系统实际运行状态相符.      

战斗机综合作战效能评估的改进灰色关联模型

一机多能、功能复合是战斗机发展的一个重要趋势。为了评估战斗机综合作战效能,首先结合空空和空地作战需求,建立了效能评估指标体系;然后针对传统方法主观性较强的问题,并考虑到作战效能评估的灰色特征,采用较客观的灰色关联法,建立了战斗机综合作战效能评估模型。对于模型分辨系数取0.5不一定能使关联度具有明显区分性的问题,采用关联度的灰熵均衡度函数建模,优化分辨系数取值;而对于模型的等权不合理问题,则通过引入改进的综合权重、构造加权关联度计算式解决;最后,对采用本文模型、传统灰色关联度模型、LM神经网络模型针对6种机型的评估结果进行了对比分析,验证了所建模型的可用性和合理性。     

基于多层多级天际线选择方法的威胁评估

传统的威胁评估均采用加权求和方法，最终得到的单一威胁度序列缺少各目标特征，且权值设定过程复杂。在天际线选择理论的基础上，提出了多级天际线选择方法，结合多层次威胁评估建模思想，建立了基于多层多级天际线选择方法的威胁评估模型，有效消除了权值设定过程中个人喜好等因素的干扰，并将每个目标在各评价维度上的属性特征呈现出来。仿真实验结果表明，获得的威胁评估结果全面直观，为指挥员依据不同情况进行后续决策提供了重要依据。     

战役规划中登陆地区的选择

在选择登陆地区这个决策问题中,指标权重的确定与方案在各指标下的值的确定都很困难,文中利用多指标区间决策的TOPSIS法,给出了选择登陆地区决策方案排序的原则。     

基于非线性加权的管制系统灰色综合风险评估

从运行过程出发，将管制系统分解为飞行情报服务报告、机场管制、进近管制、区域管制四个子过程，得到了管制过程中的不安全因素，建立管制系统风险评估指标体系，利用网络分析法（ANP）确定各指标权重。基于非线性加权的灰色综合模型对管制系统进行风险评估，并结合某系统实例进行计算，验证了评估方法的有效性与准确性。     

Satellite group autonomous operation mechanism and planning algorithm for marine target surveillance

In terms of fast response problem of unanticipated marine target, it is necessary to design the satellite-ground-combined operation mechanism and planning algorithm for autonomous task planning. Firstly, based on the autonomous operation and task planning of remote sensing satellite group, it is divided into two parts: ground planning and satellite autonomous planning. Secondly,the satellite-ground-combined operation mechanism and operation flow for task planning are proposed after fully considering the resource characteristics and task demand characteristics of the ground and satellite. The satellite autonomous task planning algorithm based on extended contract net is designed. Through the simulation operation of the self-developed distributed simulation demonstration software, it shows that the operation mechanism can coordinate and cooperate effectively between the satellite autonomous task planning and ground planning. It can give full play to the advantages of the ground computing resources, reflect the control intention, make full use of the real-time feature and flexibility of the satellite calculation, and respond fast to the unanticipated task. Besides, it has solved problems of the untimely response of ground control on unanticipated observation task, the limitation of satellite computing resources and satellite-ground planning and coordination, which can effectively improve the responsiveness of remote sensing satellite to the observation task of maritime unanticipated target.     

Ship detection and classification from optical remote sensing images: A survey

Considering the important applications in the military and the civilian domain, ship detection and classification based on optical remote sensing images raise considerable attention in the sea surface remote sensing filed. This article collects the methods of ship detection and classification for practically testing in optical remote sensing images, and provides their corresponding feature extraction strategies and statistical data. Basic feature extraction strategies and algorithms are analyzed associated with their performance and application in ship detection and classification. Furthermore, publicly available datasets that can be applied as the benchmarks to verify the effectiveness and the objectiveness of ship detection and classification methods are summarized in this paper. Based on the analysis, the remaining problems and future development trends are provided for ship detection and classification methods based on optical remote sensing images.     

民用飞机持续适航体系有效性评估方法研究

民用飞机主制造商在飞机交付运营前需建立持续适航体系并对体系有效性进行定期评估是适航规章的强制要求,以保证飞机和整个机队的持续运行安全。对持续适航体系有效性进行定期评估同时也是民用飞机主制造商自我完善持续适航体系,确保体系持续有效运行的必要手段。现阶段,国内的持续适航体系的建设还处于初步阶段,相关要求和准则也在逐步完善中。针对持续适航体系的有效性评估大多只采用定性的评估,评估结果的客观性和科学性难以保证。通过持续适航体系有效性内涵及其表现特征的分析,将体系运行有效性划分为层级指标,采用层次分析法通过特征矩阵计算确定各指标的权重,然后通过一致性检验加以验证,为飞机主制造商的持续适航体系有效性评估提供更加客观、科学的评估方法。     

应急通信中WSN系统模型及性能评价指标体系研究

应急通信环境复杂多变,对无线传感网的服务能力提出了更高要求。本文给出了一种适用于应急通信的WSN的系统模型,并就网络拓扑、部署方式、感知模型、能耗模型以及覆盖和连通性进行了说明。然后,在介绍常规网络服务评价指标的基础上,归纳总结WSN的性能评价指标体系。最后,对全文进行了小结。