罗兰-C系统多台链接收机定位解算算法

目前,罗兰-C远程导航系统的用户设备(罗兰-C接收机)开始采用可同时搜索、跟踪多个不同罗兰-C台链台站信号的多台链接收机结构。多台链罗兰-C接收机运用"多位置线定位解算技术",利用双曲线定位原理优选多条双曲线位置线进行时差转换定位,基于多台链概位解算和迭代定位解算原理消除定位多值性,提高定位精度。简要介绍了某航空型多台链罗兰-C接收机工作原理,重点对其多台链概位解算和迭代定位解算的计算方法进行了理论研究分析。     

基于apFFT的罗兰-C窄带干扰频域抑制方法

针对现有罗兰-C接收机普遍采用固定陷波电路抑制窄带干扰的情况,提出了基于全相位谱分析(apFFT)的频域精确自适应陷波罗兰-C窄带干扰抑制方法,设计了基于双相移组合全相位法的FIR频域陷波器。在对窄带干扰进行精确谱分析的基础上,设计相应频点的陷波器对多个窄带干扰进行抑制。基于MATLAB的仿真结果表明:该方法能够根据罗兰-C窄带干扰频率的变化,实现频点任意控制的频域自适应陷波,有效恢复出罗兰-C信号,为增强型罗兰-C接收机的设计提供了一种简单有效的窄带干扰抑制方法。     

罗兰-C导航系统地面台站信号模拟器设计

针对罗兰-C远程导航系统机载设备在机务内场利用ATE系统进行定检测试时无信号模拟器的状况,研制了一种罗兰-C系统地面台站信号模拟器。该模拟器具有较强的使用环境适应性,既可通过GPIB接口进行程控操作,又可通过控制面板进行手动操作。本文分析了该罗兰-C系统地面台站信号模拟器的设计思路、电路工作原理和操作使用特性。     

导航定位卫星为我们带来了什么?

近来,围绕导航定位卫星的消息不少。其中最让国人高兴的是今年5月25日,“长征”三号甲运载火箭将“北斗”一号导航定位卫星的第三颗备份星顺利地送上了太空。这说明,我国第一代卫星导航定位系统——“北斗”一号已经全部就位。尽管这种双星定位系统无论定位精度还是覆盖范围都无法与先进的全球导航定位系统相提并论,但它的自主性对我国未来长远利益来讲却十分珍贵。     

北斗三号系统精密单点定位服务解析与应用

为提高北斗三号系统在高精度应用领域的竞争力,规划并设计了精密单点定位服务.基于精密单点定位服务信号接口控制文件,对北斗三号精密单点定位服务的信号设计进行解析,并提出了一种用户应用算法,最后给出了北斗三号精密单点定位服务的试验验证结果.试验结果表明,北斗三号精密单点定位服务水平定位精度优于0.3m,高程精度优于0.6m,收敛时间小于30min.     

基于北斗三号PPP-B2b轨道的实时精密共视时间传递

面向精密可靠的远程时间传递需求,提出一种基于北斗三号PPP-B2b轨道的实时精密共视时间传递方法。该方法利用北斗三号精密单点定位(precise point positioning,PPP)服务提供的精密轨道改正数,根据实时载波相位单差技术估算异地接收机的相对钟差,实现高精度时间传递。基于中国及周边地区6个跟踪站连续多天的北斗三号系统观测数据开展试验,验证了该时间传递方法的性能。试验结果表明:零基线时间传递结果的标准差优于0.03 ns。与事后PPP时间传递相比,长基线时间传递结果差值的标准差优于0.3 ns,时间传递天边界连续性更好。基于北斗三号PPP-B2b轨道的实时精密共视时间传递方法,不依赖精密卫星钟差,能实现亚纳秒量级的时间传递精度,具有易于实现、连续性好的优势。试验结果可为北斗精密时间服务提供一定的参考。     

FAA研究GPS替代系统

为避免将全球定位系统（GPS）作为唯一的导航手段，目前FAA开始着手研究GPS替代系统。虽然FAA还未对此作出决定，但已有迹象表明以GPS为基础的广域增强系统（WAAS）需要有一个替代系统。FAA现在正考虑在罗兰-C、惯性导航系统、“骨干”全程／测距设备（VOR／DME）系统和军方研制的反拥挤（anti－jam）GPS天线中进行选择。美国通用航空界支持使用罗兰-C系统，而航空公司则希望使用VOR／DME，因为通用航空飞机普遍安装了罗兰-C系统而航空公司却未安装。美国原计划在2000年年底WAAS投入运行后关闭罗兰-C系统地面站，同时在20…     

基于北斗接收机的车载卫星导航系统的设计

基于北斗卫星导航系统、北斗地基增强系统、移动通信网络,设计开发了 一款小体积、高精度车载导航系统。主要在接收基站差分信息以及实现高精度定位方面 进行探索。通过单点定位和差分定位的野外跑车对比试验得出,该系统性能稳定、可靠 性高,其差分定位精度能够满足车辆导航的要求。     

“OTrack-AJ”北斗抗干扰芯片应用技术研究

介绍了北京东方联星科技有限公司自主研发的“OTrack-AJ”北斗抗干扰芯片的主要应用领域以及国内北斗抗干扰应用发展趋势,给出了基于该芯片的北斗抗干扰应用方案,其在抗干扰、功耗、尺寸等关键指标上达到了国际先进水平.     

北斗多模多频导航SoC芯片技术研究

介绍了一款北斗多模多频导航SoC芯片—“OTrack-128”,该芯片实现了多模多频兼容导航定位,采用完全国产化的卫星导航核心芯片,在定位精度、动态性能等关键指标上达到了国际先进水平,最后给出了基于该芯片的各类主要应用技术指标。     

The Effect of Aircraft Lateral Dynamics on Aircraft Positioning Accuracy When Using Loran-C

The dynamics of an aircraft following a fixed course line using Loran-C for position fixing are shown to interact with Loran-C receiver dynamics to result in cross-track aircraft positioning errors that are smaller than cross-track Loran receiver errors. In a particular case considered, this error reduction is on the order of 50 percent.     

Eigen-decomposition techniques for Loran-C skywave estimation

Eigen-decomposition spectral analysis techniques are used to estimate the delays of Loran-C skywaves. Their performance is evaluated and compared with that of Fourier-based techniques. Results using off-air data are presented. This work establishes the basis on which to design a Loran-C receiver capable of adjusting its sampling point adaptively to the optimal value in a constantly changing skywave environment. Such receivers promise to improve significantly the accuracy and reliability of positioning under adverse operational conditions.     

航天器天基测控技术仿真研究

天基测控技术是航天测控系统的发展方向，是弥补地基（陆基＋海基）测控系统缺陷、缓解地基测控资源紧张的有效办法。本文提出了基于“北斗一号”系统的航天器天基测控技术仿真方法，设计并建立了相应的仿真系统。基于建立的仿真系统、按照设计的仿真方法对航天器天基测控技术进行了全面仿真。仿真结果表明，基于“北斗一号”系统的天基测控技术可行，性能指标可以满足中低轨道航天器实际测控需要。     

High-efficiency Loran-C interference identification by synchronous sampling

A new technique is proposed for estimating the frequencies within carrier-wave interference (CWI) affecting Loran-C receivers. Its novelty lies in that interference samples are taken synchronously with the Loran-C pulses and ensemble-averaged in the time domain prior to conventional spectrum analysis. Each interferer is thus automatically weighted according to its effect on the phase tracking operation of the receiver. The new method substantially increases the efficiency with which the most insidious interferers may be pinpointed. It requires little additional computational power or memory in the receiver.     

Filtering of discontinuous processes arising in marine integratednavigation systems

A refined stochastic model for the errors of the Loran-C radio navigation aid is described, and it is shown how this model can be used to improve the performance of integrated navigation systems. In addition to the usual propagation errors, Loran-C time of arrival measurements are occasionally plagued with sudden intermittent errors of a particular magnitude and caused by receiver cycle selection errors. These result in sudden large jumps in the calculated position solution. The Loran-C error has been modeled as the sum of a diffusion process, representing the normal propagating errors, and a pure jump process of Poisson type, representing the cycle selection errors. A simple integrated navigation system is then described, based on the Loran-C model and the standard dead reckoning (heading and speed) system model. Assuming that the observed process is governed by a linear stochastic difference equation, a recursive linear unbiased minimum variance filter is developed, from which the Loran-C and dead reckoning errors, and hence position and velocity, can be estimated     

互补编码导航信号的一种设计方法

本文叙述了互补编码导航信号的一种设计方法。证明了按此法构成的编码可保证时分多台导航系统在信号搜索过程中能自动识别主、副台,在信号跟踪过程中能抑制多次反射天波对地波的干扰。并给出了编码实例。     

An Automatic Timing Receiver System Based on the Loran-C Navigational Network

This paper describes some new concepts in dealing with the circuitry for Loran-C automatic timing systems. The conventional analog techniques associated with phase-adjusting networks have been replaced by an incremental digital phase-shifting device. The Loran-C period generator includes facilities for delay compensation by means of an epoch monitor producing a 1-Hz output coincident with the master station TOC (time of coincidence). The required initial time information has to be accurate within ± 20 ms. The automatic format identification and decoding equipment together form a system which takes into account the information of every Loran-C pulse. Owing to the use of digital signal treatment, the synchronization accuracy is limited only by the resolution of the incremental phase shift. The automatic cycle selection device is based on sampling techniques where the derivative of the envelope is calculated. The time of coincidence has to be precalculated and fed into the thumbwheel memory of the epoch monitor, which is automatically initiated when the synchronizing operations are concluded. For VLBI purposes and transcontinental use, the accuracy of this system will be better than 1 ?s when post corrections, supplied by the U.S. Naval Observatory, are taken into account.     

Hard Limiting and Sequential Detection Applied to Loran-C

The combination of an antenna, a 100 kHz bandpass filter, a hard limiter, and a sequential detector can supply highly accurate Loran-C data to a digital processor, even under low signal-to-noise-ratio conditions. For such a simple, low-cost receiver, calculations are given for the accuracy of the envelope and phase tracking of the Loran-C signal as a function of the signal-to-noise (Gaussian and atmospheric) ratio, averaging time, and radian speed of the observer with respect to the transmitter. Mentioned are the quasi-noise censoring effects of the hard limiter. Besides the Loran-C application, the hard limiter-sequential detector system can in general be applied for low-cost, synchronous signal detection under poor signal-to-noise ratio.     

高精度秒脉冲信号的产生

通过介绍高精度秒脉冲信号的实现原理以及实现中的关键技术,分析了如何减小由码跟踪环路测量误差导致的秒脉冲信号随机抖动误差,提出了减小由直接数字频率合成器导致的秒脉冲信号系统钟模糊误差的实现方法。最后给出了在＂北斗＂一号卫星标校机工程应用中的实际性能,统计精度（1倍标准差）为1.7ns,保证了标校设备能高精度地服务于BD-1导航定位系统。