固体火箭发动机燃速相关性研究

本文通过Ф118mm标准试验发动机与某型号固体发动机燃速相关性的试验研究结果证明:推进剂药条燃速与Ф118mm标准试验发动机或与型号固体发动机的燃速在其各公差范围内,不存在相关性;只有Ф118mm标准试验发动机与型号固体发动机燃速间具有强相关性.本文通过回归分析给出了燃速的回归方程数学表达式.本文在国内战术型号固体发动机批生产中是首次提出并得到实际应用.     

基于多性能参数的民用航空发动机 实时性能可靠性预测

以民用航空发动机为研究对象,运用性能退化可靠性理论,对发动机的性能可靠性进行了研究.通过分析发动机性能退化过程,利用状态空间方法建立了时变性能退化模型,并通过卡尔曼滤波对性能趋势进行预测;然后考虑各性能参数之间的相关性,运用随机过程理论建立了基于多性能参数的实时性能可靠性预测模型,从而对发动机的退化时间进行实时预测;最后通过实例证明该方法是有效的,并且易于工程实现,同时,也为航空公司进行发动机机队科学管理提供了基础.      

民用航空发动机结冰审定

结冰试验是民用航空发动机型号取证过程中的重要试验之一,也是表明满足我国民用航空规章第33部《航空发动机适航标准》中结冰条款要求必要的符合性方法。本文介绍了民用航空发动机的结冰审定过程,以指导国内工业界顺利完成相应的适航取证工作。     

基于风扇退化的涡扇发动机寿命衰减双参数评估方法研究

由于涡扇发动机不同单元体之间存在耦合性,采用单一性能退化参数预测发动机剩余寿命明显是不全面的。本文根据风扇故障导致涡扇发动机退化机理,引入Frank Copula函数描述二元性能参数之间的相关性,并且采用二元非线性Wiener过程来构建性能退化模型,然后基于MCMC (Markov Chain Monte Carlo)方法进行模型参数估计,实现涡扇发动机剩余寿命预测。最终,通过涡扇发动机的仿真数据集来验证该方法的适用性。证明基于Copula函数的二元非线性Wiener过程建模为发动机剩余寿命预测提供了理论基础和技术支持。     

航空发动机振动标准研究

采用统计学方法,分析了航空发动机台架试车过程中主机测点的稳态振动数据,对发动机的振动幅值分布规律进行了研究。选取发动机台架试车过程中,处于慢车、80%、90%、中间和全加力状态下主机测点的稳态振动数据,通过绘制概率图对数据分布规律拟合优度进行检验,判断其是否满足正态分布规律;采用绘制振动数据均值和瞬时值95%置信区间包络图的方法,给出了各主机测点的振动基线。利用得到的振动基线,对同型号的另一台发动机台架试车过程中的整机振动进行监控,保证了发动机试车的安全。研究结果为航空发动机振动限值的优化工作提供了参考。     

某型航空发动机振动故障树的建立

针对某型发动机结构特点以及装配过程中与振动相关要素的分析,建立了该型发动机振动故障的故障树,依据故障树对该型发动机生产过程中常见振动故障案例进行了分析,总结出该型发动机常见振动故障诊断及排除方法。     

基于综合参数的无加力混排涡扇发动机飞行推力确定方法

针对无加力燃烧室的混排涡扇发动机在飞行推力确定过程中理想推力及理想流量难以明确定义的问题,构建了综合参数模型,模型中换算空气流量及推力分别与发动机及喷管的综合压比具有较强相关性。根据无加力混排涡扇发动机的地面台及高空台试验数据,建立了基于综合参数模型的飞行推力确定方法,并选择不同高度、速度点计算结果与高空台实测推力及流量进行了对比验证。结果表明:发动机进口空气流量误差在3.0%以内,标准净推力误差在5.0%以内。此方法对无加力混排涡扇发动机具有较好的适用性,具有工程应用价值。     

航空发动机监控技术

在发动机工作过程中，对发动机的一些参数及系统的工作情况进行监控，是保证发动机正常工作的重要手段之一。同时，它也为发动机的视情维护提供了必要的依据，从而提高发动机的可维修性。使维护人员能及时根据监控情况，作出分析、判断而采取相应的维护措施，排除故障或潜在故障，保证发动机安全工作，延长发动机的装机寿命。发动机的监控包括下面几个方面：（1）发动机工作状态监控，通常由发动机的指示系统来完成；（2）发动机振动监控；（）滑油监控；（）发动机气路参数分析，即目前各发动机厂家所采用的“飞机发动机状态监控系统”。一…     

微型涡喷发动机控制算法研究

针对微型涡喷发动机的工作过程,在研究发动机控制规律的基础上,开发了微型涡喷发动机起动过程、加减速过程、稳态过程和停车过程的控制程序;结合微型涡喷发动机的数字电子控制器,采用动态预估自适应滞后补偿控制规律,完成了控制软件设计.发动机地面试车试验表明,该控制程序可满足发动机控制要求.     

航空发动机叶尖间隙测量技术研究

在一台航空发动机的研制过程中,叶尖间隙是一个基本的测量参数。同时它也是发动机在运转过程中主动叶尖间隙控制、健康管理和故障诊断的一个重要组成部分。本文介绍了目前航空发动机叶尖间隙测量技术的几种主要方法。     

Robust speed sensorless induction motor drive

A speed sensorless induction motor (IM) drive with robust control characteristics is introduced. First, a speed observation system, which is insensitive to the variations of motor parameters, is derived based on the concept of sliding mode. Next, an integral-proportional (IP) speed controller using the estimated speed signal is designed to stabilize the speed loop. Then, to preserve the robust control performance under parameter variations and external load disturbance, an adaptive uncertainty observer with feedforward control is proposed. The adaptive uncertainty observer is implemented to estimate the lump of uncertainty of the controlled plant. To increase the accuracy of the estimated values, the speed observation system is implemented using a digital signal processor (DSP) with a high sampling rate     

A novel in-plane mode rotary ultrasonic motor

Ultrasonic motors have the merits of high ratio of torque to volume, high positioning precision, intrinsic holding torque, etc., compared to the conventional electromagnetic motors. There have been several potential applications for this type of motor in aerospace exploration, but bearings and bonding mechanism of the piezoelectric ring in the motors limit the performance of them in the space operation conditions. It is known that the Langevin type transducer has excel- lent energy efficiency and reliability. Hence using the Langevin type transducer in ultrasonic motors may improve the reliability of piezoelectric motors for space applications. In this study, a novel in-plane mode rotary ultrasonic motor is designed, fabricated, and characterized. The proposed motor operates in in-plane vibration mode which is excited by four Langevin-type bending vibra- tors separately placed around a ring-shaped stator. Two tapered rotors are assembled to the inner ring of the stator and clamped together by a screw nut. In order to make the motor more stable and convenient to fix, a thin cylindrical support is placed under the stator ring. Due to its no-bearing structure and Langevin transducer excitation, the prototype ultrasonic motor may operate well in aeronautic and astronautic environments.     

水下固体火箭发动机的推力特性

在微观层面上对火箭发动机射流结构变化对推力的影响规律进行分析研究.采用轴对称模型对不同工况下的二维发动机模型进行数值模拟，获取推力振荡曲线，并研究不同阶段的推力变化，探究推力峰值与断裂的对应关系及推力振荡幅值与频率随工作环境变化的关系.研究结果表明:推力振荡产生的原因是射流在激波诱导下产生周期性颈缩；由于胀股及回击破碎的作用，水下射流推力存在多阶频率峰值；根据胀股主要处于中频段的重要结论对前4阶频率的研究表明射流回击与胀股具有相关性.      

旋转固体火箭发动机的动平衡问题

对动平衡条件、动不平衡角计算公式及两串联物体动平衡合成进行了详细的理论推导。将上述结果应用于EPKM（LM－E Perigee Kick Motor），得出了一些有益结论，可供旋转固体火箭发动机设计参考。     

固液混合发动机多次点火启动试验

介绍了固液混合发动机(以下简称混合发动机)多次点火启动和关机的技术方案和试验研究情况,测量了混合发动机的性能数据,对影响混合发动机工作性能的各种因素进行了初步分析。试验结果表明:混合发动机可以实现多次点火启动及关机,且启动及关机的次数、时间间隔等可随意调节。     

Incremental motion control of linear synchronous motor

In this study a particular incremental motion control problem, which is specified by the trapezoidal velocity profile using multisegment sliding mode control (MSSMC), is proposed to control a permanent magnet linear synchronous motor (PMLSM) servo drive system. First, the structure and operating principle of the PMLSM are described in detail. Second, a field-oriented control PMLSM servo drive is introduced. Then, each segment of the multisegment switching surfaces is designed to match the corresponding part of the trapezoidal velocity profile, thus the motor dynamics on the specified-segment switching surface have the desired velocity or acceleration corresponding part of the trapezoidal velocity profile. In addition, the proposed control system is implemented in a PC-based computer control system. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed PMLSM servo drive system is demonstrated by some simulated and experimental results.     

Improved field-weakening control for IFO induction motor

Generally, good transient response and high conversion efficiency of a field-weakened indirect field-oriented (IFO), induction motor drive are difficult to obtain simultaneously owing to their contradictory behaviors. Moreover, its operating performance is quite sensitive to the flux level, detuned effect, and parameter variations. An improved field-weakening control approach for an IFO induction motor drive is developed here. In the proposed method, the saturated magnetizing inductance is represented by a fitted quadratic polynomial of flux current. And the normal d-axis flux current command is composed of a no-load, a load-compensating, and a transient compensating component. The first one is represented by a third-order polynomial of rotor speed, which is estimated at no-load to consider the effects of nonlinear magnetizing inductance and the limitation of motor rated voltage. As for the latter two compensating current command components, they are utilized to further weaken the field such that current tracking performances during loaded cases and transient period can be improved. And hence the torque-generating capability is also enhanced accordingly. During steady-state operation, the slip angular speed command or the flux current command is tuned using the proposed approach to let the motor quickly reach a stable operating condition with better efficiency. Experimental results show that good dynamic responses and better energy conversion efficiencies can be simultaneously obtained by the proposed field-weakening control method.     

An adaptive controller for current-fed induction motor

A model reference speed adaptive controller for a current-fed induction motor drive is proposed. It uses a proportional-plus-integral (PI) adaptation to satisfy the hyperstability condition for taking care of the load and machine parameter changes of the drive. The available information on the states and output of the reference model as well as the plant output are all that are required for the control; no explicit parameter identification is needed. The controller can be designed by using a reduced reference model to simplify the design without much degradation of the performance, so that it is relatively easy to implement practically     

Nutation instability of spinning solid rocket motor spacecraft

The variation of mass,and moment of inertia of a spin-stabilized spacecraft leads to concern about the nutation instability.Here a careful analysis on the nutation instability is performed on a spacecraft propelled by solid rocket booster (SRB).The influences of specific solid propellant designs on transversal angular velocity are discussed.The results show that the typical SRB of End Burn suppresses the non-principal axial angular velocity.On the contrary,the frequently used SRB of Radial Burn could amplify the transversal angular velocity.The nutation instability caused by a design of Radial Burn could be remedied by the addition of End Burn at the same time based on the study of the combination design of both End Burn and Radial Burn.The analysis of the results proposes the design conception of how to control the nutation motion.The method is suitable to resolve the nutation instability of solid rocket motor with complex propellant patterns.     

Evaluation of pressure oscillations by a laboratory motor

Aeroacoustic pressure oscillation is one of the important challenges in segmented solid rocket motors with high slenderness ratio. The reason for these oscillations can be searched in vortex shedding due to grain burning surfaces, holes and slots. In this paper, a novel sub-scaled motor was used for evaluation of aeroacoustic pressure oscillations. First, the related parameters to scale down using Buckingham’s Pi-theorem were determined and then the sub-scaled motor was designed and manufactured. After this, Strouhal number in various grain forms and vortex shedding prediction criteria have been discussed. Then, one-dimensional linear and non-linear solution approaches have been presented. To understand the motor internal flow and vortex shedding formation, steady state computational fluid dynamic performed for seven regression steps and finally, two static tests have been performed. Results show that various definitions for Strouhal number are useful only for primarily glance on vortex shedding and pressure oscillations and so CFD solution and the test program are inevitable for a correct understanding of the ballistic operational condition of the motor. Experimental results demonstrated the existence of such oscillations with frequencies nearly equal to axial modes. It seems that non-linear parameters have small effects on aeroacoustic pressure oscillation and therefore the linear solution is acceptable to obtain approximate data. Of course, it should be emphasized that linear solution represents oscillations on overall motor action time, whereas the output of non-linear solution depends on thermochemistry properties of solid propellant and combustion products. Therefore, with a non-linear solution, oscillations maybe occur in some intervals of action time. FFT (Fast Fourier Transformation) results demonstrated that although both first and second acoustic modes have been excited, the position of longitudinal oscillation has an important role on which one is dominant.