共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 140 毫秒
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针对可能发生的局部战争及冲突中对快速响应卫星所提供的战术情报的需求,综合考虑了快速响应卫星的入轨点位置、 目标的运动状态及位置属性和快响卫星的探测性能,提出了一种针对移动目标探测的快响卫星轨道设计方法.首先,建立了移动目标运动特性与快速响应时间的关系,并给出了快速响应时间的计算方法.接着,分别建立了快响卫星轨道高度与目标属性之间的不等式关系,以及快响卫星轨道倾角与升交点赤经的计算关系式.最后,结合实际案例,通过STK仿真验证了方法的可行性、 易操作性和实用性. 相似文献
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地球非球形对卫星轨道的长期影响及补偿研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
首先建立了地球非球形引力摄动模型,通过对地球非球形引力摄动对卫星轨道的长期影响分析发现,地球非球形引力摄动对卫星轨道升交点赤经和沿迹角的漂移量与时间成近似线性关系;然后推导了通过主动偏置半长轴和倾角的方法来补偿摄动长期影响的计算公式,设计了基于仿真的地球非球形引力摄动补偿方法;最后对GlobalStar星座卫星进行仿真与试验.结果表明,设计的补偿方法是可行的,摄动补偿后在地球非球形引力摄动作用下卫星轨道的长期稳定性得到了很好的保持. 相似文献
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针对导航星座自主定轨中的星座整体旋转问题,采用增设少量地面锚固站的方法可有效解决该问题。通过推导星地距离对卫星轨道升交点赤经的偏导数,证明了星地距离对卫星轨道升交点赤经可观。仅考虑在我国大陆范围内布设锚固站的条件下,仿真分析了锚固站数量以及布局对导航星座自主定轨精度的影响。仿真实验结果表明:采用3个以上的锚固站,即可有效控制星座整体旋转,在14d的仿真时段内卫星自主定轨精度保持4m以内;锚固站数量越多,自主定轨精度越高,但随着锚固站数量的增加,自主定轨精度改善程度越来越小;在保持4个锚固站的情形下,采用不同的锚固站布局方案,自主定轨精度并无明显差别。 相似文献
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椭圆轨道星座构型稳定性要求同时实现升交点赤经、近地点幅角和平近点角的稳定。通过初始偏差对椭圆轨道卫星的长期影响分析可知,轨道半长轴、倾角和偏心率的初始偏差对升交点赤经、近地点幅角和平近点角的长期摄动变化是线性的,因此通过主动偏置轨道半长轴、偏心率和倾角能够实现椭圆轨道星座构型的自稳定设计,从而提高其构型稳定性。对实例星座的设计结果表明,自稳定设计方法对提高椭圆轨道星座的构型稳定性是有效的。 相似文献
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导弹拦截点的计算对研究引信战斗部一体化设计和毁伤效果的分析及评价具有重要意义.以防空导弹和空空导弹广泛使用的破片式战斗部为例,建立了求解拦截点的数学模型,通过控制变量法用Madab软件分析研究了导弹拦截点的影响因素并得出为获得较理想拦截距离的相关参数要求.从而为导弹引信战斗部一体化设计和毁伤评估奠定了必要基础. 相似文献
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我国"北斗"卫星导航系统在建设过程中存在地面跟踪站无法全球均匀布设的问题。针对该问题,可采用依靠少量锚固站的星座自主定轨方法解决。通过推导星地测距对卫星轨道升交点赤经的偏导数,证明了星地测距对升交点赤经的可观性,并分析得出,在经度保持不变的情况下,锚固站纬度越大,星地测距对卫星轨道升交点赤经的偏导数的模越小,星地测距对升交点赤经的修正越差。其后,对单锚固站辅助导航星座自主定轨进行了仿真实验,在经度保持不变的条件下,随着纬度的增大,星座自主定轨结果的收敛速度越来越慢。仿真结果验证了理论分析,并得出锚固站纬度是影响星地测距对卫星轨道升交点修正程度的重要因素的结论。 相似文献
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《中国航空学报》2023,36(6):201-212
This paper proposes a fast calculation method to solve all mission opportunities for orbital interception and orbital rendezvous under the impulse-magnitude constraint. Different from the existing search methods, the proposed method does not need to solve Lambert’s problem in the whole process. Three cases are considered for either departure time or transfer time being free, or both being free. For fixed departure time, the feasible windows of transfer time are obtained by solving a single-variable nonlinear equation only of terminal true anomaly. Similarly, for fixed interception (or rendezvous) time, the feasible windows of departure time are obtained. For free departure time and free transfer time, all mission opportunities are obtained by using a one-dimensional search strategy. The hyperbolic-transfer and the multiple-revolution cases are also analyzed. Numerical results show that the proposed method is superior to the typical pork-chop plot method and the two-dimensional launch window method in computational time. 相似文献
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This paper studies the proximate satellite interception guidance strategies where both the interceptor and target can perform orbital maneuvers with magnitude limited thrusts. This problem is regarded as a pursuit-evasion game since satellites in both sides will try their best to capture or escape. In this game, the distance of these two players is small enough so that the highly nonlinear earth-centered gravitational dynamics can be reduced to the linear Clohessy-Wiltshire (CW) equations. The system is then simplified by introducing the zero effort miss variables. Saddle solution is formulated for the pursuit-evasion game and time-to-go is estimated similarly as that for the exo-atmospheric interception. Then a vector guidance is derived to ensure that the interception can be achieved in the optimal time. The proposed guidance law is validated by numerical simulations. 相似文献
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Low-thrust Earth-orbit transfers with 10?5-order thrust-to-weight ratios involve a large number of orbital revolutions which poses a real challenge to trajectory optimization. This article develops a direct method to optimize minimum-time low-thrust many-revolution Earth-orbit transfers. A parameterized control law in each orbit, in the form of the true optimal control, is proposed, and the time history of the parameters governing the control law is interpolated through a finite number of nodal values. The orbital averaging method is used to significantly reduce the computational workload and the trajectory optimization is conducted based on the orbital averaging dynamics expressed by nonsingular equinoctial elements. Furthermore, Earth's shadowing and perturbation effects are taken into account. The optimal transfer problem is thus converted to the parameter optimization problem that can be solved by nonlinear programming. Taking advantage of the mapping between the parameterized control law and the Lyapunov control law, a technique is proposed to acquire good initial guesses for optimization variables, which results in enlarged convergence domain of the direct optimization method. Numerical examples of optimal Earth-orbit transfers are presented. 相似文献
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针对交会对接任务目标飞行器与追踪器轨道运行特性,综合考虑规避策略计算方法与工程实际相结合的问题,提出高度规避、时间规避以及与正常轨控相结合的碰撞规避策略计算方法等三种空间目标碰撞规避策略计算方法.高度规避计算方法采用了Lambert飞行原理,用简化二体开普勒模型取代高精度轨道预报方法,迭代求解规避机动速度增量,实现了通过约束过交点与目标径向距离差得到速度增量的最优解;时间规避计算方法通过轨道周期与速度增量的关系,实现了通过约束过交点与目标的时间差得到速度增量的最优解;与正常轨控相结合的碰撞规避策略计算方法,在正常控制考虑冗余控制量的基础上,对控制策略的控制开始时间或沿迹方向的速度增量进行较小的修正,使两者通过碰撞点的时刻或径向距离错开,达到碰撞规避的目的,该方法不仅可以节省燃料、而且对任务的影响较小.通过对三种空间目标碰撞规避策略计算方法仿真分析结果表明,完全适用于交会对接任务,可为我国载人航天任务飞行安全提供技术保障. 相似文献
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《Aerospace Science and Technology》2002,6(4):295-301
To describe the relative motion of spacecraft formation flying, this paper presents a method based on relative orbital elements, which is suitable to elliptical orbit with arbitrary eccentricity. The long time formation flying conditions are theoretically derived taken into account the relationship between relative motion and relative orbital elements. These conditions include that both the orbital periods of all participating spacecrafts should be the same and other relative orbital elements should be small enough. The expected relative distance of the spacecrafts would determine the magnitudes of such relative orbital elements. Theoretical analysis and numerical simulation results show that the spacecrafts with sufficient small relative orbital elements can keep long time formation flying without any active control when the orbital perturbations are not considered. The results also show that Hill's equation is only suitable for describing a short time formation flying. 相似文献
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考虑潜在威胁区的航天器最优规避机动策略 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
随着一系列轨道转移飞行器的工程化实施,航天器可能面临的非合作交会威胁日趋严重。针对该问题,根据交会机动的特点定义了新的规避机动指标——潜在威胁区,相较于传统的相对距离和碰撞概率等规避指标,潜在威胁区更适合航天器在面对非合作交会追踪器时进行规避机动,能够有效提升航天器的抗交会能力。首先,建立追踪器多脉冲最优交会模型,以此为基础给出潜在威胁区的定义与计算方法;然后,以潜在威胁区弧长为优化目标,建立了目标器最优规避模型,采用遗传算法进行目标优化;最后,根据所建立的双层优化模型进行数值仿真,以初始相距100km为初始条件进行仿真并计算得到了使潜在威胁区为零所需规避脉冲值,验证了文中模型的正确性,结果显示所定义的潜在威胁区弧长随着规避脉冲的增大呈严格的单调递减关系。研究为在轨航天器在面对非合作交会时提供了有效的规避策略,提升了航天器的空间生存能力。 相似文献