共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 138 毫秒
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针对如何部署光学探测设备才能更好实现对空间目标的高精度高频度监视问题,考虑光照条件、相对关系及探测性能,构建了天/地基空间目标探测与成像仿真模型;按照轨道特征选取了94颗LEO(Low Earth Orbit,低地球轨道)卫星、63颗GEO(Geosynchronous Earth Orbit,地球同步轨道)卫星和18颗大椭圆轨道卫星,选用春夏秋冬典型季节的特定时间长度,仿真分析了国内地基、南北极科考站、LEO卫星、准GEO卫星等多平台光电手段的位置探测和成像观测能力;比对分析地基平台纬度和季节、天基平台轨道高度和倾角对探测能力的影响得出:南北极科考站相比于国内站点可提高重点季节的探测时效性,98°倾角LEO平台对低轨目标成像时效性方面更具优势,等.在此基础上,提出了我国空间目标光电观测设备天地一体的布局构想. 相似文献
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中继卫星在跟踪自主机动用户目标时,由于机动轨道未知,需要利用中继卫星下传的星载GNSS(Global Navigations Satellite System,全球导航卫星系统)数据进行实时轨道确定与预报,为中继卫星跟踪提供实时的引导信息,以方便中继卫星快速捕获目标和连续稳定跟踪。针对该类用户目标的任务需求,讨论了基于星载GNSS数据自主机动条件下的实时定轨方法,建立了连续推力机动力学模型。以某一型号卫星的实测数据进行分析验证,并对轨道机动进行辨识,计算的机动加速度和机动时间与试验单位提供的结果一致。针对卫星不同机动情况,5min的观测数据定轨预报10min的弧段,最大位置误差小于8km,可以为中继卫星快速捕获提供高精度的引导信息。 相似文献
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为了解针栓式固体发动机的动态响应特性,基于可变等效喉部面积的调控内弹道模型,研究了针栓型面及其调节过程对发动机动态响应的影响。结果表明:针栓式变推力固体发动机响应时间以及推力响应的动态特性与针栓移动速度、针栓型面以及推进剂压力指数密切相关。发动机响应时间由针栓移动时间和针栓移动造成的压力延迟时间组成;随针栓移动速度增大,针栓移动过程与压力延迟过程相对比重发生变化,使得响应时间先快速缩短后趋向于定值,由32ms缩短至11.6ms,而推力过冲逐渐增大,但在针栓打开过程中响应时间更短,推力过冲更大,并且计算表明压力和等效喉部面积的相对变化率决定了推力过冲;随着正压力指数的增大,压力调节范围增大,推力过冲和响应时间均增加,而负压力指数的推进剂明显缩短响应时间,抑制推力过冲;凸型面针栓能够缩短响应时间同时降低推力过冲,可根据等效喉部面积相对变化率获得最佳型面曲率,使得响应时间和推力过冲最小。 相似文献
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民用机场快速出口滑行道位置优化 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
位置合理的快速出口滑行道可有效提高跑道容量。通过提出候选出口最优位置假设,证明了跑道快速出口位置是一个候选最优位置的自然有限集。介绍了不同机型跑道占有时间的计算方法,并以最小加权跑道占用时间为目标函数.建立了确定最优出口位置的数学模型。并针对该模型提出了基于时间多项式的动态规划算法,给出了快速出口滑行道的定位计算方法。以大连机场为例,计算得到了该机场快速出口滑行道的合理数量与位置. 相似文献
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针对考虑回归周期、重访周期及地面站接收数据冲突等多约束条件下太阳同步回归轨道多星组网问题,开展了基于遗传算法的组网优化研究。通过分析太阳同步回归轨道运动特性与星下点的关系,构造了回归周期内轨道的访问序列,建立了卫星半长轴、相位差与太阳同步回归轨道的关系;结合组网卫星有效载荷指标参数,分析了回归周期、重访周期与访问序列的关系及极值;将组网卫星的访问序列作为优化参数,采用二进制编码方式建立综合适应度函数;设计了遗传算子并通过种群繁殖得到优化结果。仿真结果表明,该方法能够快速设计出满足约束条件的组网优化策略。 相似文献
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自由翻滚故障卫星抓捕是航天器在轨服务及空间碎片清理的基础。由于难以确定固定抓捕点及目标运动参数不确定,传统机械臂抓捕方法无法适用类似自由翻滚故障卫星的空间非合作目标。提出一种具有鲁棒性的外包络抓捕方法及抓捕路径优化方案。外包络抓捕方式能够适用于自由翻滚故障卫星抓捕问题,其特点在于,第一,由抓捕末端执行器构成的抓捕包络可以包络空间目标,约束其运动并最终实现抓捕,因此不需要固定抓捕点;第二,末端执行器构成的抓捕包络,能够约束故障卫星运动,而两者之间的摩擦可以有效消除两者之间的相对运动最终成功抓捕翻滚目标。进一步,针对外包络抓捕方法,提出了一种最小燃料消耗及最小抓捕扰动的机械臂抓捕路径。为验证外包络抓捕方法的有效性,构建旋转立方星抓捕地面实验,并利用数值仿真验证外包络抓捕机械臂最优路径规划,仿真结果验证了所提出方法的有效性。 相似文献
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针对非合作慢旋卫星的模型重建问题,提出基于飞行时间(time-of-flight, TOF)相机和同时定位与制图(simultaneous localization and mapping, SLAM)的稠密重建方法。基于预先检测与自适应阈值方法提高旋转提取与描述(oriented fast and rotated brief, ORB)的特征尺度适应性。利用运动度量方法选取关键帧。利用子模型拼接方法加快重建效率。利用仿真环境制作非合作慢旋卫星的数据集。仿真实验结果表明:该方法能够实现长时间稳定地工作,可在3 min内重建出卫星模型的稠密点云,点云密度大于5 000,重建误差小于5 cm。利用机械臂、卫星模型及光学暗室搭建半物理实验系统,表明算法的精度及抗噪声能力基本满足非合作目标感知的任务的需求。 相似文献
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A data transmission scheduling algorithm for rapid-response earth-observing operations 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
With the development of rapid-response Earth-observing techniques, the demand for reducing a requirements-tasking-effects cycle from 1 day to hours grows rapidly. For instance, a satellite user always wants to receive requested data in near real-time to support their urgent mis- sions, such as dealing with wildfires, volcanoes, flooding events, etc. In this paper, we try to reduce data transmission time for achieving this goal. The new feature of a responsive satellite is that users can receive signals from it directly. Therefore, the traditional satellite control and operational tech- niques need to be improved to accommodate these changes in user needs and technical upgrading. With that in mind, a data transmission topological model is constructed. Based on this model, we can deal with the satellite data transmission problem as a multi-constraint and multi-objective path- scheduling problem. However, there are many optional data transmission paths for each target based on this model, and the shortest path is preferred. In addition, satellites represent scarce resources that must be carefully scheduled in order to satisfy as many consumer requests as possible. To efficiently balance response time and resource utilization, a K-shortest path genetic algorithm is proposed for solving the data transmission problem. Simulations and analysis show the feasibility and the adaptability of the proposed approach. 相似文献
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失效航天器一般有复杂的运动和较大的角速度,采用机械臂直接抓捕目标容易导致非预期碰撞,如果先采用接触式消旋操作降低目标角速度,会大大降低服务卫星抓捕目标的难度。针对空间翻滚非合作目标的接触式消旋控制存在接触动力学模型不确定性的问题,提出了一种基于特征模型的自适应控制方法。首先通过接触式消旋的物理机理分析,建立消旋系统动力学模型;进一步在动力学特性分析基础上构建描述接触碰撞后目标角速度的特征模型,并确定模型参数范围;然后基于该模型设计黄金分割自适应控制律。仿真结果表明,该方法有效克服了消旋过程中接触碰撞模型存在的不确定性,并且消旋速度快且消旋后的残余角速度小。 相似文献
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This paper deals with the multi-index assessment method for evaluating coverage effectiveness of remote sensing satellite. Because a series of satellite activities such as imaging, moving target observation, and environment investigation need to know the coverage characteristics, the coverage capability of the remote sensing satellite is the most important index. Thus, it is very important to establish the method of effectiveness evaluation of coverage characteristics. This paper focuses on the assessment of coverage effectiveness of remote sensing satellite, and proposes and designs a multi-index evaluation method based on index weight using entropy weight method and analytic hierarchy process. With a simulation case, the effectiveness evaluation results of single satellite coverage and multi-satellite coverage performance are given for the proposed assessment. The experimental results show that the established coverage characteristic model and the proposed assessment method are effective and right. 相似文献
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通过对地球同步轨道(GEO)卫星运动特点的分析,阐明其对多普勒分辨率的影响。传统的双基合成孔径雷达(SAR)多普勒分辨率表达式由于不考虑雷达平台加速度矢量带来的影响,并不适用于GEO星弹双基SAR系统。根据收发平台的双曲线轨迹对目标的回波多普勒特性影响,首先利用梯度方法推导了GEO星弹双基SAR系统的多普勒分辨率表达式;随后详细地分析了GEO卫星与导弹的空间几何关系及多普勒参数,特别是加速度矢量对多普勒分辨率的影响。仿真结果验证了所推导多普勒分辨率表达式的有效性,其有助于双基SAR理论系统完整性的提高,为后续系统设计及应用实践提供理论支撑。 相似文献
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The growing amount of space debris poses a threat to operational spacecraft and the long-term sustainability of activities in outer space. According to the orbital mechanics, an uncontrolled space object will be tumbling, bringing great challenge to capture and remove it. In this paper, a dual-arm coordinated ‘‘Area-Oriented Capture"(AOC) method is proposed to capture a non-cooperative tumbling target. Firstly, the motion equation of the tumbling target is established, based on which, the dynamic properties are analyzed. Then, the ‘‘Area-Oriented Capture"concept is presented to deal with the problem of large pose(position and attitude) deviation and tumbling motion. An area rather than fixed points/devices is taken as the object to be tracked and captured. As long as the manipulators' end-effectors move to a specified range of the objective areas(not fixed points on the target, but areas), the target satellite will be hugged by the two arms.At last, the proposed method and the traditional method(i.e. fixed-point oriented capture method)are compared and analyzed through simulation. The results show that the proposed method has larger pose tolerance and takes shorter time for capturing a tumbling target. 相似文献
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Dim target detection using high order correlation method 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Liou R.-J. Azimi-Sadjadi M.R. 《IEEE transactions on aerospace and electronic systems》1993,29(3):841-856
This work presents a method for clutter rejection and dim target track detection from infrared (IR) satellite data using neural networks. A high-order correlation method which recursively computes the spatio-temporal cross-correlations between data of several consecutive scans is developed. The implementation of this scheme using a connectionist network is presented. Several important properties of the high-order correlation method which indicate that the resultant filtered images capture all the target information are established. The simulation results obtained with this approach show at least 93% clutter rejection. Further improvement in the clutter rejection rate is achieved by modifying the high-order correlation method to incorporate the target motion dynamics. The implementation of this modified high-order correlation using a high-order neural network architecture is demonstrated. The simulation results indicate at least 97% clutter rejection rate for this method. A comparison is also made between the methods developed here and the conventional frequency domain three-dimensional (3-D) filtering scheme, and the simulation results are provided 相似文献