加速度对固体火箭发动机内弹道性能的影响

用片型装药火箭发动机和含铝复合推进剂,研究了加速度对固体火箭发动机内弹道性能的影响。研究结果表明,在加速度７０ｇ的条件下,２０１０推进剂的平均效应燃速比ｒ＾－ａ／ｒ＾０高达１．５１５,固体火箭发动机的内弹道性能呈现明显的变化。该项研究对发动机设计有实际意义。     

固体火箭发动机装药寿命预示方法试验研究

研究了固体火箭发动机装药硬度和ＨＴＰＢ推进剂方坯硬度、强度及延伸率在贮试期内的变化规律，建立了装药硬度－强度、延伸率－贮存期相关联的数学模型和回归方程组。用其预估固体发动机装药寿命。     

固体火箭发动机装药贮存寿命预测方法

针对固体火箭发动机装药贮存寿命预估的难题,开展了固体火箭发动机贮存可靠性、装药老化性能、药柱结构完整性分析等几个方面的研究,建立了GM-RBF网络模型、基于修正Ar-rhenius的交变温度预测模型、基于加速老化和结构完整性分析的装药贮存寿命预估模型,从不同角度来对装药贮存寿命进行组合预测.在此基础上,设计和开发了预测系统,通过实验数据和仿真分析,得到实例的装药贮存寿命区间为10.5～13.2y.研究表明:这种组合预测的方法避免了单一算法的局限性,提高了预测精度.     

大过载下固体火箭发动机内弹道计算

大过载会对固体火箭发动机装药燃烧产生很大的影响。采用基于加速度的装药燃速增强模型,通过水平集(Level set)算法对非均匀燃速下的复杂燃面非平行层推移过程进行计算,得到了大过载下的内弹道性能.计算结果表明:过载对发动机内弹道影响不大,在过载作用方向上装药燃速增加,可能导致装药出现偏烧,绝热层提前暴露,造成该处烧蚀加剧.      

基于WEB的固体火箭发动机集成设计平台

为满足固体火箭发动机设计过程对集成的需求,开发了一个基于WEB的发动机集成设计平台,提出了采用J2EE技术构建基于WEB的集成设计平台方案,建立了集成设计平台体系结构,分析了体系结构中每一层内涵,重点对集成平台功能框架层进行了详细分析,给出了基于J2EE的平台软件实现方案。平台实现了发动机设计过程中应用集成、信息集成和过程集成,能够支持优化设计和分布式设计人员的协同工作。通过在某翼柱型装药固体火箭发动机设计中的应用实例表明,该平台能够有效提高设计效率和质量,显著缩短设计周期。     

固体火箭发动机的CAD和CAM设想

提出固体火箭发动机领域计算机辅助设计和计算辅助制造的流程图，并认为结构装药设计的性能预示和热防护计算是发动机理论和结构设计的中心内容，计算机制图是设计思想的最终表达。性能预示的核心是考虑燃烧和流动相互作用的工作过程的数值模拟，热防护设计的核心是烧蚀，传热和强度计算。ＣＡＤ和ＣＡＭ系统应当随时吸收新的研究成果，高水平的核心研究成果，对固体火箭发动机性能预示的准确度和理论设计水平的提高具有重要作用。     

用固体火箭发动机抛放飞机座舱盖的探索

文中对用固体火箭发动机应急打开并抛弃座舱盖方案进行了探索。并根据飞机座舱盖抛放总体方案的要求,确定了固体火箭发动机的设计参数。通过地面试验说明该方案是切实可行的。所设计的固体火箭发动机,其性能满足总体要求。     

三维燃烧移动边界计算网格示踪技术

以任意设计的固体火箭发动机装药几何形状为对象,分析研究了燃面燃烧移动的基本规律,提出了一种三维复杂燃烧移动边界的示踪方法。它可以用于流场计算、发动机性能预示计算和侵蚀燃烧计算中,也可以发展成为一种燃面计算的新方法。文中以假想三维局部翼形装药为例进行了数值计算。     

固体火箭发动机多弧形孔装药设计研究

为弥补现有单室双推力固体火箭发动机装药结构的不足,提出一种由一个中心圆孔和多个弧形内孔组成的新型单室双推力多弧形孔装药结构。该结构包含7个可控结构参数。导出了药柱燃烧周长及通气面积随燃烧肉厚变化规律的计算公式;利用火箭发动机设计结构,分析了不同参数下多弧形孔装药结构的内弹道特性;在相同技术要求下,对比了多弧形孔装药和双药型装药结构的内弹道特性参数。设计及计算结果表明,新型多孔装药结构易实现单室双推力的要求,在文中所取算例下,采用多弧形孔装药的导弹相比采用星孔-单孔管型药柱装药的导弹加速时间缩短75%,导弹最高速度提高17%,且导弹速度和推力都更加稳定。多弧形孔装药结构为单室双推力火箭发动机设计提供了一种新的技术途径。     

复合固体推进剂工艺质量控制

推进剂制造工艺对推进剂性能有很大影响。大型固体火箭发动机的装药生产中，严格进行推进剂工艺质量控制尤为重要。本文分析讨论了装药工艺对推进剂性能的影响和工艺控制方法，并对今后我国固体推进剂工艺质量控制提出建议。     

固体火箭发动机稳态燃速二维模型参数最优化辨识

1引言发动机参数辨识常用方法是最小二乘法[1],即将参数估计问题转化为多元函数求极值问题,通过迭代选择待估参数值,使燃烧室压强计算值和实验值的残差平方和最小。采用最小二乘法进行参数辨识存在局限性[2],需要通过台劳级数展开式近似模型替代真实数学模型计算残差平方和对待     

Multidisciplinary Design and Optimization of Multistage Ground-launched Boost Phase Interceptor Using Hybrid Search Algorithm

This article proposes a multidisciplinary design and optimization (MDO) strategy for the conceptual design of a multistage ground-based interceptor (GBI) using hybrid optimization algorithm, which associates genetic algorithm (GA) as a global optimizer with sequential quadratic programming (SQP) as a local optimizer. The interceptor is comprised of a three-stage solid propulsion system for an exoatmospheric boost phase intercept (BPI). The interceptor's duty is to deliver a kinetic kill vehicle (KKV) to the optimal position in space to accomplish the mission of intercept. The modules for propulsion, aerodynamics, mass properties and flight dynamics are integrated to produce a high fidelity model of the entire vehicle. The propulsion module comprises of solid rocket motor (SRM) grain design, nozzle geometry design and performance prediction analysis. Internal ballistics and performance prediction parameters are calculated by using lumped parameter method. The design objective is to minimize the gross lift off mass (GLOM) of the interceptor under the mission constraints and performance objectives. The proposed design and optimization methodology provide designers with an efficient and powerful approach in computation during designing interceptor systems.     

基于遗传算法的液体火箭发动机参数优化

建立了液体火箭发动机系统设计的仿真模型和多目标优化模型,采用组合优化策略和遗传算法,针对全流量补燃循环发动机,进行了不同设计变量和目标函数下发动机性能参数的优化,求得全局最优解.计算结果表明,遗传算法是解决该类问题的有效方法,可为其它类似发动机的优化提供一定的指导作用.      

低排放燃烧室化学反应器网络模型的参数化

为了掌握低排放燃烧室的污染物排放情况,对其化学反应网络器(CRN)模型的参数化进行研究.对爬升工况下燃烧室CFD数值模拟结果进行分析,划分燃烧室的结构,得到燃烧室的CRN模型.再利用自编程软件对燃烧室的结构参数和进口参数进行参数化定义,并把参数化的CRN模型在不同工况下的模拟结果与试验结果分别比较.结果表明:在慢车工况下二者相差不大,在爬升工况下二者差异也在允许误差范围之内.验证了该模型可行性较好,该参数化CRN模型可用于预测低排放燃烧室的污染物排放量和出口温度.     

基于改进粒子群算法的航空发动机性能综合评价

针对基于单参数评估发动机性能能力不足的问题,研究了利用多参数综合评估发动机性能的方法;通过对某型发动机台架试车数据分析,确定了使用综合加权法评估发动机性能比算术加权平均法更具合理性;分别利用改进的遗传算法和粒子群优化算法计算多参数的权值,对比结果表明:使用改进的粒子群算法在计算精度和速度上均优于遗传算法。同时还计算了各翻修次数下发动机的性能指标。     

Effect of Variable Selection on Multidisciplinary Design Optimization： a Flight Vehicle Example

Different multidisciplinary design optimization (MDO) problems are formulated and compared. Two MDO formulations are applied to a sounding rocket in order to optimize the performance of the rocket. In the MDO of the referred vehicle, three disciplines have been considered,which are trajectory, propulsion and aerodynamics. A special design structure matrix is developed to assist data exchange between disciplines. This design process uses response surface method (RSM) for multidisciplinary optimization of the rocket. The RSM is applied to the design in two categories: the propulsion model and the system level. In the propulsion model, RSM deter-mines an approximate mathematical model of the engine output parameters as a function of design variables. In the system level, RSM fits a surface of objective function versus design variables. In the first MDO problem formulation, two design variables are selected to form propulsion discipline. In the second one, three new design variables from geometry are added and finally, an optimization method is applied to the response surface in the system level in order to find the best result. Application of the first developed multidisciplinary design optimization procedure increased accessible altitude (performance index) of the referred sounding rocket by twenty five percents and the second one twenty nine.     

Numerical study of intrachamber processes dynamics at nozzleless solid propellant rocket engine actuation

The results of the comprehensive numerical analysis for dynamics of intrachamber processes that appear at nozzleless solid propellant rocket engine (SPRE) actuation are presented. A complete cycle of rocket engine operation is analyzed. We solve a conjugate problem involving the igniter actuation; heating, ignition and following combustion of a solid propellant charge; a combustion product flow in the combustion chamber; depressurization of the combustion chamber, and the subsequent motion of the rocket engine blank; variation of the combustion surface geometry at the expense of the gradual and nonuniform burnout of solid propellant web.     

固体火箭发动机比冲预示经验法

本文简要地评述了国内外固体火箭发动机比冲预示方法.在Landsbaum法的基础上,根据国内外44种不同类型的发动机地面和高空模拟热试车试验统计,利用多维回归分析方法,得出了适合于国内发动机的经验比冲效率参数相关法.这种方法的优点是比冲预示结果比较准确,方法简单,利用袖珍式计算器可快速计算,对固体发动机总体方案论证及性能最优化设计是很有用的.     

Preliminary design and optimization of slotted tube grain for solid rocket motor

In this paper,design and optimization technique of slotted tube grain for solid rocket motors has been discussed.In doing so,the design objectives and constraints have been set,geometric parameters identified,performance prediction parameters calculated,thereafter preliminary designs completed and finally optimal design reached.Geometric model for slotted tube grain configuration has been developed.Average thrust has been taken as the objective function with constraints of burning time,mass of propellant,fixed length and diameter of chamber case.Lumped parameter method has been used for calculating the performance prediction parameters.A set of preliminary designs has been completed and an analysis of these results conducted.Although all the preliminary results fulfill the design requirements in terms of objective function and constraints,however in order to attain the optimal design,Sequential quadratic programming optimization technique has been adopted.As the slotted tube grain geometry is totally dependent upon various independent variables and each of these variables has a bearing on explicit characteristic of grain designing,hence affects of the independent variables on performance parameters have been examined,thus variation laws have been developed.Basing on the variation laws and the analysis of preliminary design results,upper and lower limits have been defined for the independent geometric variables and an initial guess provided for conducting optimization.Results attained exhibits that an optimal result has been attained and the value of objective function has been maximized.All the design constraint limits have also been met while ensuring sound values of volumetric loading fraction,web fraction and neutrality.This methodology of design and optimization of slotted tube grain for solid rocket motors can be used by engineers as a reference guide for actual design and engineering purposes.      

固体火箭发动机参数调整的优化方法

分析了固体火箭发动机研制阶段地面试验性能与设计目标之间存在偏差的原因，提出了工程上参数调整的对象，并以性能和工程双重条件作为约束，建立了以燃烧室压强为目标函数的数学模型，在优化计算，分析的基础上，进行发动机设计参数的调整，经工程实际验证，取得了较好的效果。