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矢量喷管内燃气辐射与壁面温度的耦合计算 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
选取内、外调节片和隔热屏建立几何模型,基于封闭腔净辐射模型和壁面热平衡模型建立了燃气辐射与喷管壁面温度的耦合算法.波段为1~5μm的气体辐射采用窄波带模型计算,其他波段不考虑气体辐射,建立辐射净热流密度-有效辐射亮度-壁面温度的关联式求解燃气与壁面的辐射换热,采用牛顿-拉斐尔森迭代法求解壁面热平衡方程计算其温度.对某轴对称矢量喷管(偏转20°),计算了喷管壁面的红外光谱辐射和辐射净热流密度,以及各部分结构的温度.作为验证,还计算了文献中某液体火箭发动机轴对称矢量喷管壁面的辐射净热流密度,与文献的结果进行对比一致性较好.研究表明:轴对称矢量喷管偏转段沿周向的辐射热流密度和温度差异很大,沿偏转方向部位壁面的温度和辐射热流密度都较低,偏转方向壁面的温度比相反方向大约低10%,辐射热流密度大约低50%. 相似文献
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高温下纳米隔热材料内热辐射的影响将显著增强,其热辐射特性对热辐射传热有很大影响。为了认识高温纳米隔热材料的热辐射特性,采用Mie理论建立了掺杂纤维增韧剂和遮光剂的纳米隔热材料热辐射特性理论计算方法,编写了纳米隔热材料热辐射特性计算程序,对某纳米隔热材料的热辐射特性进行了理论研究,得到了光谱衰减系数、光谱散射反照率以及全光谱平均辐射特性参数及散射相函数。理论模拟结果表明:在3~9.5μm波长范围内,纳米隔热材料对热辐射具有强烈的衰减作用,对3~7μm的热辐射呈现强烈的散射特征,对7~9.5μm的热辐射,随波长增大散射特征逐渐减弱,对9.5μm的热辐射呈现较强的吸收特征。在300~1 300 K,该纳米隔热材料全光谱平均衰减系数>5×104 m-1,平均散射反照率>0.96,具有较强的前向散射特征,这些特征来源于遮光剂粒子,增韧剂影响很小。 相似文献
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The infrared radiation signature of the plume from solid propellants with different energy characteristics is not the same. Three kinds of double-base propellants of different energy characteristics are chosen to measure the infrared spectral radiance from 1000 cm 1 to 4500 cm 1 of their plumes. The radiative spectrum is obtained in the tests. The experimental results indicate that the infrared radiation of the plume is determined by the energy characteristics of the propellant. The radiative transfer calculation models of the exhaust plume for the solid propellants are established. By including the chemical reaction source term and the radiation source term into the energy equation, the plume field and the radiative transfer are solved in a coupled way. The calculated results are consistent with the experimental data, so the reliability of the models is confirmed. The temperature distribution and the extent of the afterburning of the plume are distinct for the propellants of different energy characteristics, therefore the plume radiation varies for different propellants. The temperature of the fluid cell in the plume will increase or decrease to some extent by the influence of the radiation term. 相似文献
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This study seeks to determine the similarities in plume radiation between reduced and full-scale solid rocket models in ground test conditions through investigation of flow and radiation for a series of scale ratios ranging from 0.1 to 1. The radiative transfer equation(RTE) considering gas and particle radiation in a non-uniform plume has been adopted and solved by the finite volume method(FVM) to compute the three dimensional, spectral and directional radiation of a plume in the infrared waveband 2–6 μm. Conditions at wavelengths 2.7 μm and 4.3 μm are discussed in detail, and ratios of plume radiation for reduced-scale through full-scale models are examined. This work shows that, with increasing scale ratio of a computed rocket motor, area of the hightemperature core increases as a 2 power function of the scale ratio, and the radiation intensity of the plume increases with 2–2.5 power of the scale ratio. The infrared radiation of plume gases shows a strong spectral dependency, while that of Al_2O_3 particles shows spectral continuity of gray media.Spectral radiation intensity of a computed solid rocket plume's high temperature core increases significantly in peak radiation spectra of plume gases CO and CO_2. Al_2O_3 particles are the major radiation component in a rocket plume. There is good similarity between contours of plume spectral radiance from different scale models of computed rockets, and there are two peak spectra of radiation intensity at wavebands 2.7–3.0 μm and 4.2–4.6 μm. Directed radiation intensity of the entire plume volume will rise with increasing elevation angle. 相似文献
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Investigation of the infrared characteristics of a rocket nozzle is very important for the study of infrared initiating technology. The Narrow-Band Zone model is developed for that purpose. The spectral transmission and absorption factors are introduced, and the equations between radiative heat flux and the temperature of waill surfaces and gas are developed. The radiative heat transfer in one axisymmetric cylindrical enclosure filled with homogeneous radiative participating medium is computed with the Narrow-Band Zone model and compared with those in the reference documents. The comparison shows good agreement. The radiative heat transfer to the nozzle of one rocket engine is also calculated with the Narrow-Band Zone model, and the outgoing radiative energy flux and energy rate integrated in a mid-wave infrared band 2-6 pm, a long-wave infrared band 8-14 pm and the full wave band are analyzed. The following conclusions can be derived: the spectral radiation from the inlet and outlet of the nozzle show apparent spectral discontinuity, which appears greater in the 2.7-2.95 pm than in the neighboring wave band. The spectral outgoing radiative energy flux of nozzle wail is similar to that of gray body, which decreases with wavelength in 2-14 pm. The outgoing radiative energy flux on the nozzle wall is greater in the cylindrical and contracting section of nozzle, but smaller in the divergent section, which is determined by temperature. The nozzle of the rocket engine radiates most energy in the mid-wave surfaces by absorption. The most important feature of gas radiation is the strong selection of the waveband, so the detailed study of the infrared characteristics of nozzle of the rocket engine should be carried out on narrow-band computation. 相似文献
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高温下加热/冷却管内参与性介质的辐射与对流耦合换热研究 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3
本文通过数值模拟方法研究了高温下加热/冷却管内层流充分发展流动的参与性介质热起始段的辐射与对流耦合换热。采用离散坐标法求解圆柱坐标系下的非线性积分微分辐射传递方程,采用有限差分法求解辐射与对流的耦合换热能量方程。通过计算,分析了不同壁温及入口温度下,介质导热系数、壁面发射率、介质散射反照率及散射相函数等因素对局部努谢尔数、壁面热流密度及有效加热/冷却长度的影响,并同时采用努谢尔数和壁面热流密度评价了耦合换热中辐射对对流换热的影响。 相似文献
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高温圆管内多孔介质耦合换热的辐射作用 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
通过数值模拟圆管内填充多孔介质的辐射对流耦合换热,研究高温固体骨架辐射效应对温度分布及换热的影响.基于局部非热平衡模型分别建立流体和固相能量方程,采用蒙特卡罗法求解固体骨架的辐射换热;对不考虑热辐射引起的温度场偏差和管壁发射率以及多孔结构参数的影响进行讨论.结果表明:多孔固体骨架的辐射效应对入口段温度场的影响明显,不考虑辐射将导致较大偏差,壁温为1500K时最大偏差为16%.管壁发射率对温度场影响较小,壁温为1500K时影响小于3%.孔隙率或孔径增大,壁面辐射热流密度比例增加,辐射效应体现明显. 相似文献
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针对STL(stereo lithography)文件在传递复杂几何实体模型信息方面具有精度高的特点,提出了一种基于STL文件计算复杂结构角系数和外热流的方法.根据单元和节点的拓扑关系识别六面体网格边界单元并进行辐射换热计算.详细阐述了基于STL文件和有限元法进行复杂结构的角系数和外热流的计算方法.研究了导热-辐射耦合计算的有限元方法.最后利用有限元法计算航天器关键部件在轨的三维瞬态温度场. 相似文献
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针对再入飞行器激波层辐射加热,应用有限体积法计算辐射传输方程,引入了一种边界处理方式——虚网格方法,根据化学非平衡流场数据,计算出飞行器表面辐射加热热流。通过分析发现:采用虚网格方法处理辐射传输边界,能够确保真正的边界条件得到应用,满足真实的物理意义,且辐射传输计算的空间网格、立体角网格、初始温度值的收敛性很好,计算结果精度误差小于2.5%。利用虚网格方法计算飞船再入返回时的辐射加热,结果表明计算所得壁面辐射热流与其他研究者辐射热流计算结果符合良好。 相似文献
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复合材料高温传热特性的准确预测对飞行器热防护结构的设计有重要意义,相关模型也是国家数值风洞工程中多相多介质计算模型的重要组成部分。针对周期性结构复合材料的高温传热问题,利用多尺度渐进分析方法,对包含导热方程和辐射传输方程的导热-辐射耦合传热模型开展了研究。建立了表征单元尺度模型及宏观平均导热-辐射耦合传热模型,获得了材料宏观等效导热系数与表征单元模型间的关系,发现宏观等效辐射吸收和散射等系数可通过表征单元内的体积平均求取。结合有限容积方法与格子Boltzmann方法,建立了复合材料导热-辐射耦合传热多尺度数值模型。采用二维常物性材料传热过程的模拟验证了多尺度模型的有效性,结果表明所建立的多尺度模型能够对温度场给出准确高效的计算结果。该方法有助于为复合材料传热特性的预测提供数值手段。 相似文献
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The thermal radiation of micron-sized condensed phase particles plays a dominant role during the heat transfer process in aluminized Solid Rocket Motors(SRMs). Open research mainly focuses on the radiative properties of alumina particles while the study considering the presence of aluminum is lacking. In addition, the thermal radiation inside the SRM with consideration of the participating particles is seldom studied. In this work, the multiscale method of predicting the thermal environment insi... 相似文献
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针对一体化红外抑制器后机身顶部狭缝进气口布局的精细化设计需求,提出了改变进气狭缝位置以及面积的4个方案,基于旋翼下洗气流和尾桨气流的简化模型进行了后机身内外流耦合流动传热数值研究,并运用正反射线追踪法计算得到了后机身3~5 μm波段和8~14 μm波段的红外辐射强度空间分布,通过对比分析了狭缝进气口布局对一体化红外抑制器后机身气流组织和红外辐射特性的影响。结果表明:旋翼下洗气流对于机身两侧排出的热喷流掺混作用有所差异,存在尾桨气流时排气热喷流对喷口附近机身壁面的局部加热效应更显著;后机身顶部进气位置影响旋翼下洗气流的进气流量以及机身内部气流流动,进气口布置在后机身顶部外侧不利于旋翼下洗气流的导入,而进气口布置在后机身顶部内侧则导致旋翼下洗气流在混合管与机身壁面之间的局部流动较弱,使得该区域的气流温度较高;进气口面积增大虽有利于减小表面局部热点区域,却导致后机身上方的红外辐射强度有较大的增强。因此,进气口的位置和面积是重要的设计参数,合理的后机身内部气流组织可以提供有效的混合管冷却和后机身壁面热防护,改善3~5 μm波段和8~14 μm波段的红外辐射强度空间分布。 相似文献
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为了解液体火箭发动机喷管再生冷却的换热特点,采用数值模拟的方法,对内喷管燃气、壁面和冷却液建立不同的三维控制方程,进行流动和传热的耦合计算。在计算中,假定喷管流动为冻结流动,考虑燃气向壁面的对流换热和辐射换热;采用二阶迎风格式离散控制方程,采用DO模型离散求解辐射换热方程,水蒸气的吸收系数根据Leckner公式计算。计算模型采用缩比热试车发动机,数值计算结果与实验结果吻合较好,较准确地模拟出了喷管的壁面热流密度,得到了喷管燃气和冷却液的流场和温度场,对高压再生冷却喷管的设计具有指导意义。 相似文献
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针对气动加热条件下光学窗口辐射导热耦合传热开展研究,以了解光学窗口的热辐射发射规律及热防护性能。采用有限体积法、蒙特卡罗法、谱带模型建立了具有镜反射界面的光学窗口辐射传输及辐射导热耦合传热计算模型,对具有两层SiO2玻璃的光学窗口传热特性进行了模拟。结果表明处于高温区玻璃向外发射热辐射,低温区玻璃吸收热辐射;除了加热面附近外的玻璃区域,辐射热流密度远大于导热热流密度,在2.9~4.2μm谱带内的辐射热流密度大于0.4~2.9μm谱带内的;在0.4~2.9μm谱带内,可见光波长内的出射辐射热流密度最小,中红外波长范围内出射辐射热流密度最大。在光学窗口总厚度一定的情况下,降低玻璃层厚度和玻璃夹层气体热导率能够有效降低光学窗口非加热面稳态温度。 相似文献
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燃气非平衡流再生冷却流动传热数值模拟 总被引:9,自引:6,他引:3
为准确预测液体火箭发动机推力室身部再生冷却换热状况,采用数值模拟方法,对燃气、推力室壁和超临界气氢进行三维流动和换热耦合计算。采用6组分9步反应动力学模型计算燃气的非平衡化学反应,采用DO模型计算燃气辐射换热,考虑超临界气氢物性随温度和压力的变化。获得了室壁温度场、燃气及冷却剂流场。结果表明,Redlich-Kwong方程、Peng-Robinson方程、Lucas法、TRAPP法能分别准确计算超临界氢的密度、定压比热容、粘度、导热系数,采用燃气非平衡流计算所得流场值更符合实际情况。 相似文献