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运动补偿是雷达平台机动飞行条件下合成孔径雷达(SAR)实现精确聚焦成像的前提,而如何精确实现运动误差的空变补偿(误差补偿随目标距离、方位和高度位置的变化而变化)目前还存在很大的挑战。本文提出了一种新的三阶运动补偿方法,能够有效解决复杂雷达航迹和地形起伏条件下运动误差的空变补偿问题。该方法首先以场景中心为参考进行空不变运动补偿,然后以多个子场景中心为参考进行空变运动补偿,最后再利用极坐标格式算法(PFA)统一补偿每个像素的空变误差。仿真数据处理结果验证了本文方法的有效性。 相似文献
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建立了机载并行双站斜视合成孔径雷达(SAR)的几何模型,给出了雷达回波的数学表达式,推导了它的二维频谱并对其特点做了分析。在二维频域内,先用聚焦函数对观测场景中心的点目标做精确成像,然后用Chirp-Z变换(CZT)校正中心点两侧目标回波的距离徙动,再通过方位向逆傅里叶变换得到了雷达图像。该算法利用了CZT能够处理非线性调频信号的特点,简化了处理过程,提高了计算效率和成像精度。仿真实验验证了这种基于CZT的新算法在处理并行双站斜视SAR数据时的有效性。 相似文献
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基于马尔科夫链的单站SAR海面场景宽幅高分成像算法 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
针对单站合成孔径雷达(SAR)实现海面场景高分辨率宽测绘带(HRWS)成像问题,结合海面目标相对整个场景的稀疏特性,提出了一种基于马尔科夫链的单站SAR宽幅高分成像算法。算法将宽幅的海面场景分为不同子测绘带,首先发射少量脉冲对各子测绘带进行距离向成像,利用距离向成像结果获取场景内感兴趣目标的数量信息。然后计算雷达波束指向的马尔科夫状态转移概率,并按此概率控制雷达对不同测绘带进行扫描。获得不同测绘带的稀疏子孔径后进行压缩感知成像。提出的算法可以在相同合成孔径时间内实现多个测绘带的宽幅高分成像,最后的仿真实验验证了所提算法的有效性。 相似文献
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弹载合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)的目标距离、视线角由于高速逼近目标而快速变化,这导致传统的固定脉冲重复频率(Pulse Repetition Frequency,PRF)(简称重频)波形难以兼顾弹载SAR雷达在成像各方面的约束条件,故需要根据当前弹体运动和弹目关系变化情况实时计算重频。详细分析了影响重频选择的各项因素,包括避免距离模糊、方位模糊、高度杂波、发射遮挡影响及SAR成像分辨率、系统相参性要求等影响因素,并设计了自适应重频计算的工作流程。某SAR雷达系统实验表明,该设计能够在实际飞行弹道条件下根据实际弹目关系自适应调整脉冲重复频率,从而更好地实现SAR雷达系统的工作性能,有效解决了固定重频波形不能适应弹载SAR工作条件的难题。 相似文献
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现代逆合成孔径雷达(ISAR)可实现多模式下对多目标的交替测量工作,但波束切换使得任一目标的方位孔径具有稀疏性,同时目标的机动性也使得目标的方位维信号具有高次调制特性,这均导致以连续采样信号模型为基础的传统ISAR运动补偿和成像方法难以直接应用。本文提出一种新的稀疏孔径(SA)ISAR机动目标相位补偿和成像方法。该方法首先建立了稀疏孔径ISAR机动目标的信号模型,然后通过求解2范数最大化的优化函数,实现对相位误差的精确估计,并且通过迭代处理提高了相位误差的估计精度。相位误差补偿后,根据压缩感知理论,构造了机动目标情况下的Chirp-Fourier字典,通过对稀疏优化问题的求解,能够较精确地从稀疏孔径信号中重构出机动目标的全孔径(FA)信号。仿真和实测数据处理结果证明了本文方法的有效性。 相似文献
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逆合成孔径雷达(ISAR)成像目标多为非合作目标,在目标相对运动状态未知情况下的运动补偿是ISAR成像的关键。基于全卷积网络(FCN)具有强大的数据抽象特征挖掘和拟合能力,将FCN用于ISAR自聚焦,提出一种结合迁移学习基于FCN的ISAR自聚焦算法。通过构造大量不同相位误差的仿真数据集并进行训练,使FCN具有相位补偿能力,对不同姿态下仿真以及实测数据进行迁移训练,进一步提升平动相位补偿的能力。实测数据处理结果表明,结合迁移学习基于FCN的自聚焦成像效果优于传统类自聚集算法,验证了所提算法的有效性,相比传统方法更具优越性。 相似文献
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The problem of inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) image reconstruction of targets at low elevation angle is considered. In this geometric condition the main causes affecting the reconstructed ISAR image are the multipath effect due to the reflection of the Earth's surface and the angular motions of the target produced by external action like wind, fast maneuvering, and sea waves as in the case of ships. The aim of this work is to analyze the effects that the multipath and the target angular motions jointly produce on the ISAR image. The results show that multipath generates some artifacts in the image whereas the target oscillations undergo a spatial-dependent blurring of the point spread function of the ISAR system. These theoretical results are validated by presenting some numerical examples relevant to aircrafts and ships in rectilinear or circular motion. A wide discussion on possible solutions of this problem is made in the conclusion 相似文献
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A 2-D high-resolution spectral analysis algorithm with application to an inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) imaging, is presented. This algorithm is based on two-dimensional linear prediction using autoregressive (AR) coefficients. Stability is guaranteed by AR process pole adjustment. An ISAR target is modeled for a complex scatterer geometry. Computer simulation results are provided for the high-resolution reconstruction of ISAR images 相似文献
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The simultaneous imaging and tracking of a moving target is one of the most difficult problems in inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) signal processing. The problem is addressed here using a two-antenna imaging radar. The target range shift is sensed with an exponentially averaged envelope correlation algorithm while the angle change is measured with a differential phase shift algorithm. The three state Kalman filters are used in range and azimuth dimensions to provide both a filtered estimate and a one-sample-ahead prediction for the purpose of target tracking. The filtered range shift provides an accurate information for range bin alignment, and the target angle change provides the angular positions of the synthetic array elements. Therefore, the ISAR imaging simply becomes processing of a circular-arc aperture. The algorithms are verified both by computer simulations and also with experimental data processing 相似文献
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Robust autofocus algorithm for ISAR imaging of moving targets 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Jian Li Renbaio Wu Chen V.C. 《IEEE transactions on aerospace and electronic systems》2001,37(3):1056-1069
A robust autofocus approach, referred to as AUTOCLEAN (AUTOfocus via CLEAN), is proposed for the motion compensation in ISAR (inverse synthetic aperture radar) imaging of moving targets. It is a parametric algorithm based on a very flexible data model which takes into account arbitrary range migration and arbitrary phase errors across the synthetic aperture that may be induced by unwanted radial motion of the target as well as propagation or system instability. AUTOCLEAN can be classified as a multiple scatterer algorithm (MSA), but it differs considerably from other existing MSAs in several aspects: (1) Dominant scatterers are selected automatically in the 2D image domain; (2) scatterers may not be well isolated or very dominant; (3) phase and RCS information from each selected scatterer are combined in an optimal way; (4) the troublesome phase unwrapping step is avoided. AUTOCLEAN is computationally efficient and involves only a sequence of FFTs. Another good feature associated with AUTOCLEAN is that its performance can be progressively improved by assuming a larger number of dominant scatterers for the target. Numerical and experimental results have shown that AUTOCLEAN is a very robust autofocus tool for ISAR imaging 相似文献
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Detecting moving targets in SAR imagery by focusing 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A new method for detecting moving targets in a synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image is presented. It involves segmenting a complex-valued SAR image into patches, focusing each patch separately, and measuring the sharpness increase in the focused patch. The algorithm is sensitive to azimuth velocities and is exquisitely sensitive to radial accelerations of the target, allowing it to detect motion in any direction. It is complementary to conventional Doppler-sensing moving target indicators, which can sense only the radial velocity of rapidly moving targets. 相似文献
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Junfei Li Hao Ling 《IEEE transactions on aerospace and electronic systems》2003,39(1):343-351
Genetic algorithms (GA) are proposed for inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) imaging. GA is used for motion parameters search in place of exhaustive search in the adaptive joint time-frequency (AJTF) algorithm. While maintaining the same accuracy, GA has lower computational complexity, especially for targets with higher order motions. 相似文献
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为了获取基于模板图像的车辆、飞机等复杂目标识别所需的海量高质量逆合成孔径雷达(ISAR)图像,提出了表面粗糙的复杂目标全极化ISAR图像快速仿真方法。该方法预先对车辆和飞机等复杂目标表面粗糙程度进行分级定量描述,并以改进的射线弹跳法和等效边缘流法快速预估来自目标粗糙表面的镜面反射和多次反射贡献以及细分边缘的绕射贡献,经相干叠加获得目标的精确电磁散射数据,最后进行成像处理得到高质量全极化ISAR图像。标准体、飞机和车辆目标的仿真实验结果验证了该方法的准确性和有效性。 相似文献
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The resolvability of 2-D (two-dimensional) sinusoidal parameter estimates is studied. These sinusoids describe the target features in SAR (synthetic aperture radar) applications. We analyze the resolvability by considering the frequency estimates of the sinusoids. Our results may be used by target classification algorithms to better classify radar targets in SAR applications 相似文献
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Autofocusing of ISAR images based on entropy minimization 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Li Xi Liu Guosui Jinlin Ni 《IEEE transactions on aerospace and electronic systems》1999,35(4):1240-1252
A novel autofocusing technique is developed for random translational motion compensation in inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) imaging of objects. This technique is based on an entropy minimization principle and validated via a nonparametric estimation method. Images of a simulation and a real flying aircraft are used for illustration. Images of encouraging quality confirm the feasibility of autofocusing the radar images by just the requirement of minimizing the image entropy 相似文献
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Werness S.A.S. Carrara W.G. Joyce L.S. Franczak D.B. 《IEEE transactions on aerospace and electronic systems》1990,26(1):57-67
A digital processing algorithm for fine-resolution imaging of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) moving targets is described. The targets may have any translational and rotational motion components relative to the data collection platform. The algorithm requires the presence of up to three prominent points in the image of the target; the signals from these points provide estimates of the unknown target motion parameters. Phase compensation and data formatting based on these estimates eliminate motion-induced phase errors. This algorithm has been implemented on a VAX computer and used to process both simulated and real SAR data of moving targets. Results obtained using the simulated data are presented 相似文献