加肋板结构中弹性波一维局部问题的研究

分析研究了失谐周期多跨加肋板结构中的弹性波一维局部化问题。采用传递矩阵方法给出了系统的传递矩阵 ,并采用 Wolf提出的计算连续型动力系统中 Lyapunov指数的方法 ,给出了局部化因子的计算表达式。作为算例 ,给出了失谐加肋板结构中局部化因子的数值结果 ,并分析了跨长的失谐程度及结构参数对弹性波局部化的影响     

非周期压电阻尼对失谐叶盘结构振动局部化抑制机理

将非周期压电阻尼技术引入失谐叶盘结构形成机电耦合系统,推导了机电耦合系统的动力学方程,从理论上分析了非周期压电系统对失谐叶盘结构振动局部化的抑制效果。构造了两种非周期压电系统模型:非周期压电分支模型和非周期压电网络模型。研究结果表明:与双周期压电网络系统相比,按照能量集中的程度不同连接而成的非周期压电系统具有更好的振动局部化抑制效果。在非周期压电网络系统的构造中,电阻不再是关键因素,而主要是通过电路形式改变整个叶盘结构中的能量分配情况,电感作为储能元件在其中至关重要。通过合理设计非周期压电网络电路形式,可以得到比非周期压电分支系统和双周期压电网络系统更好的振动局部化抑制效果。      

刚度随机失谐叶盘结构概率模态特性分析

基于典型叶盘结构的集中参数模型和Monte Carlo数值计算,分析了刚度随机失谐叶盘结构的概率固有特性.给出了叶盘结构的扇区两自由度集中参数模型,计算并说明了其基本频率结构特性,根据叶盘结构模态振动物理背景,提出了一个定量表征模态振型局部化程度的指标一模态局部化因子,分别计算了不同随机刚度失谐叶盘结构固有频率和模态振型局部化的统计特性,讨论了失谐因素的影响规律等.研究表明,叶片和耦合刚度的失谐影响的频率区间有着明显的不同,并在其影响频段内模态局部化因子会出现"突变"的现象.      

失谐叶盘结构的概率响应局部化特性

基于某典型叶盘结构的减缩有限元模型和Monte Carlo-响应面法数值计算,详细分析了几何参数失谐叶盘结构的概率响应局部化特性.给出了几何失谐叶盘结构的有限元建模及减缩方法,并通过定义响应放大因子对受迫响应的局部化程度进行定量描述,分别计算了不同形式的随机失谐和主动错频叶盘结构的概率局部化特性,讨论了失谐形式和失谐参数的影响规律等.研究表明,随着失谐程度的增加,失谐系统的响应水平及其分散程度都会有一个峰值存在.      

失谐叶盘结构振动模态局部化研究

针对失谐叶盘结构振动特性和模态局部化特性,分别利用有限元法和子结构模态综合法进行分析。对具有12个叶片模拟叶盘结构的振动特性和振动模态局部化特性进行研究,包括失谐形式对模态局部化的影响和模态密度对失谐敏感性的影响,并利用应变能和模态局部化因子的概念对模态局部化现象进行定量描述。研究表明:子结构模态综合法能满足叶盘结构振动模态特性的计算精度要求,并能节省大量的计算时间;失谐形式和模态密度对模态局部化程度有显著影响。     

双周期分布式压电分支阻尼对失谐叶盘振动抑制作用分析

将压电分支电路引入失谐叶盘结构，形成机电耦合系统，给出了机电耦合系统动力学方程的推导过程，并从理论上研究了压电分支阻尼对失谐叶盘结构响应放大的抑制效果.通过构造双周期分布式压电分支电路，研究了双周期分布式压电分支阻尼对失谐叶盘结构的振动抑制效果，并与单周期压电分支电路进行了对比，对比结果显示压电分支阻尼（包括单周期压电分支阻尼以及双周期分布式压电分支阻尼）均能有效降低随机失谐叶盘结构的响应放大，其中双周期机电耦合系统响应放大因子统计分析结果小于1的概率在99.7%以上，基本消除了失谐叶盘结构的响应放大现象.通过合理地设计系统的双周期模式，能够获得比单周期更好的失谐响应放大抑制效果.此外，压电分支阻尼使得随机失谐叶盘结构的失谐“阈值”现象消失，提高了叶盘结构的失谐鲁棒性.      

失谐叶栅的受迫振动响应特性分析

采用基于计算流体力学(CFD)方法的降阶气动力模型并耦合结构运动方程,实现了存在外激励载荷时失谐叶栅受迫振动响应的快速分析。针对典型的跨声速叶栅,通过求解其位移响应幅值较系统地研究了失谐方式、失谐强度和叶片质量比对失谐叶栅受迫振动响应幅值的影响。研究表明文中刚度失谐形式可以改善叶栅振动的稳定性,同时导致系统受迫振动响应局部化程度的增加,并且受迫响应的最大振幅放大因子随失谐强度增加或者质量比降低存在先增大后减小的一个峰值,不同失谐形式则对这个峰值的大小有着明显的影响。由于该方法可高效地分析失谐叶栅受迫振动各参数对模态局部化的影响,在工程上有一定的应用价值。     

失谐叶盘振动模态局部化定量描述方法

基于实际叶盘结构失谐振动模态局部化的基本特性和物理含义,提出了三种模态振型局部化程度三定量描述方法,并利用这三种模态局部化因子进行了典型叶盘结构失谐振动模态局部化程度的定量确定。讨论了典型叶盘结构失谐振动模态特性。分析说明和实例计算表明,相应的局部化因子计算过程简单、物理意义明确,可以有效定量确定实际叶盘结构的叶片失谐导致振动模态产生局部化的程度。     

小失谐对整体叶盘结构动态特性的影响

基于失谐叶盘频差提出了小失谐的概念,总结了其在实际工程叶盘中的表现形式。以扇区3自由度集中参数叶盘模型为对象,系统研究小失谐对不同模态族的模态局部化和响应幅值放大的影响。研究表明:小失谐在模态族最高节径处同样会造成严重的振动局部化现象。当失谐强度为0.001时,模态局部化因子达到17;当失谐强度为0.007时,响应幅值放大可达1.8。小失谐对叶盘结构动态特性的影响显著,在设计和使用中应予以重视。      

叶片平均频率对失谐叶盘振动局部化影响分析

为了探求叶片平均频率对失谐叶盘振动响应的影响规律,采用有限元缩减模型分别对谐调叶盘和失谐叶盘进行振动响应分析,通过振动局部化因子对失谐叶盘振动局部化特性进行评估,获得了不同叶片平均频率和失谐标准差下叶盘系统的振幅和应变能分布,以及失谐叶盘振动局部化特性。结果表明:随着失谐标准差的增大,失谐叶盘振动幅值呈减小趋势,同时共振带变宽;在平均频率为1.0044时出现了严重的振动局部化现象,在失谐标准差为5%时,叶盘振动局部化程度较轻。     

基于二维线阵和空间滤波器的结构冲击无波速定位方法

复合材料在航空结构中的应用越来越广,但其遭受外界物体冲击后很容易在内部产生表面不可见损伤,所以对复合材料结构的冲击事件进行在线监测十分必要。基于压电传感器（PTZ）和Lamb波的冲击定位方法是目前的研究热点,但是Lamb波信号在复合材料结构中传播的各向异性给冲击定位带来了困难。本文将空间滤波器算法推广到复合材料结构的冲击监测应用中,研究了与波速无关的空间滤波器冲击定位原理,提出了基于二维线性压电传感器阵列和空间滤波器的结构冲击无波速定位方法。该方法首先采用Shannon连续复数小波变换提取并构建宽带冲击响应信号中的窄带Lamb波解析信号;然后利用波速无关的空间滤波器算法计算出结构冲击相对于各条线性压电传感器阵列的角度;最后使用冲击无波速定位公式计算出结构冲击的位置坐标。在碳纤维层合板上对该方法进行了实验验证。验证结果表明：该方法可以实现对复合材料结构的冲击进行不依赖信号传播速度的定位,定位误差小于1 cm。     

Dynamic characteristics of a cyclic-periodic structure with a piezoelectric network

This paper deals with a cyclic-periodic structure with a piezoelectric network. In such a system, there is not only mechanical connection but also electrical connection between adjacent periodic sectors. The objective is to learn whether the presence of a piezoelectric network would change the dynamic characteristics of the system. The background of the research is about vibration reduction of a bladed disk in an aero-engine, and the system is simulated by a lumped parameter model. The dynamic equations of the system are derived, and then the analytical solution corresponding to the eigenvalue problem is given. The vibration responses to single traveling wave excitations(EO excitations) and multiple traveling wave excitations(NEO excitations) are studied.The results show that the presence of a piezoelectric network would change the natural frequencies of the system compared with those of the system with the piezoelectric shunt circuit. The forced response is sensitive to the connection type and the elements of the network. An energy analysis of the electro-mechanical coupling system has been performed to understand its dynamic behavior,and the following conclusion is obtained: a vibration reduction to excitations whose primary harmonic component is not zero can be achieved by a parallel piezoelectric network, while a reduction to other excitations should be based on a series piezoelectric network.     

Enhanced wave and finite element method for wave propagation and forced response prediction in periodic piezoelectric structures

As a promising numerical tool of structural dynamics in mid-and high frequencies, the wave and finite element method (WFEM) is receiving increasingly attention and applications. In this paper, an enhanced WFEM has been developed with a reduced model and a new eigenvalue scheme. The reduced model is applicable for structures with piezoelectric shunts or local dampers;the new eigenvalue scheme can mitigate the ill-conditioning when the wave basis is calculated. The enhanced WFEM is applied to a thin-wall structure with periodically distributed piezoelectric mate-rials (PZT). Both free wave characteristics and forced response are analyzed and the influences of the suggested enhancements are presented. It is shown that if the control factors are properly cho-sen, these enhancements can improve the accuracy while accelerating the calculation. Resulting from the complexity of the application, these enhancements are not optional but imperative.     

压电陶瓷电疲劳研究进展

电疲劳是压电陶瓷材料应用于各类驱动器的主要障碍,也是目前国内外研究的热点。本文从电疲劳现象、电疲劳机理、影响因素等三个方面简要综述了近年来在压电陶瓷电疲劳研究方面的进展。     

基于旁路溢流原理的流体脉动主动控制

 随着现代飞机液压系统向高压、大功率方向发展，周期性流体脉动更容易在液压能源系统中产生流固耦合振动，导致液压管路疲劳破坏。针对被动式流体脉动抑制方法不具备自适应性、对低频脉动抑制效果差等缺点，提出了基于旁路溢流原理的流体脉动主动控制方法，即在与能源主管路连通的分叉管路上安装压电陶瓷驱动伺服阀主动消振器，通过主动消振器的溢流产生次级脉动波与主管路中原有压力波相互抵消，使管路中流体脉动减小。并针对流体脉动周期性特点，提出一种在线频率估计的自适应前馈控制方法，利用参考传感器测量泵源脉动信号，在线获取脉动频率，并以此频率构造控制器的参考输入信号，实现对流体脉动的主动控制。为验证所提方法的有效性，设计了主动消振实验平台。实验结果表明，所提出的脉动主动控制方法具备很强的自适应性，能对流体脉动进行很好的抑制。     

温度对压电陶瓷传感器信号传输的影响研究

近年来,飞机结构健康监测技术得到了快速的发展,并在航空航天等领域得到了广泛的应用,特别是在碳纤维复合材料结构的状态监控与损伤诊断方面更是明确了功能材料与智能结构的发展趋势。首先分析了航空领域典型的结构健康监测技术,包括模态法、机电阻抗法、超声法、声发射法、Lamb波法,并对其中的Lamb波法进行深入讨论。而后,开展了基于Lamb波技术的温度对压电陶瓷传感器信号传输影响的实验研究。该研究考虑了实验装置及传感器在高温环境下的特性,特制了用于测试压电陶瓷传感器信号传输特性的高温实验装置,将压电陶瓷传感器通过机械方式安装于实验装置上,开展环境实验。分别对五档不同温度下的实验结果进行分析,研究结果表明:温度对压电陶瓷传感器信号传输具有一定影响,并给出了信号受温度影响的变化规律。     

Nonlinear modal electromechanical coupling factor for piezoelectric structures containing nonlinearities

Within the linear framework, the Modal Electromechanical Coupling Factor (MEMCF) is an important indicator to quantify the dynamic conversion of mechanical energy and electrical energy of piezoelectric structures. It is also an important tool to guide the piezoelectric damping design of linear structures. Advanced aircraft often fly in maneuvers, and the variable working conditions induce drastic changes in the load level on structures. Geometric and contact nonlinearities of thin-walled structures and joint structures are often activated. To achieve a good vibration reduction effect covering all working conditions, one cannot directly use linear electromechanical coupling theory to instruct the piezoelectric damping design for nonlinear structures. Therefore, this paper defines the Nonlinear Modal Electromechanical Coupling Factor (NMEMCF) and proposes the corresponding numerical method for the first time to quantitatively evaluate the electromechanical coupling capability of nonlinear piezoelectric structures. Three candidate definitions of the NMEMCF are given, including two frequency definitions and one energy definition. The energy definition is the most promising one. It is not only applicable to both conservative and dissipative nonlinear structures but also compatible with the linear MEMCF. In addition, based on the energy formula, the NMEMCF can be obtained by only performing one nonlinear modal analysis in the open-circuit state. The analytical findings and the numerical tool are validated against two piezoelectric structures with different types of nonlinearities. A strong correlation among the NMEMCF, geometric parameters, and energy dissipation is observed. The results confirm that the proposed NMEMCF captures the physics of the electromechanical coupling phenomenon associated with nonlinear piezoelectric structures and can be used as an essential design indicator of piezoelectric damping, especially for variable working conditions.     

Research on vibration suppression of a mistuned blisk by a piezoelectric network

The work aims to provide a further investigation of the dynamic characteristics of an integral bladed disk(also called ‘blisk') with a Parallel Piezoelectric Network(PPN). The PPN is constructed by parallelly interconnecting the piezoelectric patches distributed in the blisk. Two kinds of PPN are considered, namely mono-periodic PPN and bi-periodic PPN. The former has a piezoelectric patch in each sector, and the later has one patch every few sectors. The vibration suppression performance of both kinds of PPN has been studied through modal analysis, forced response analysis, and statistical analysis. The research results turn out that the PPN will only affect mechanical frequencies near the electrical frequency clusters slightly, and the bi-periodic PPN will make the nodal diameter spectrum of the modes more complex, but the amplitude corresponding to the new nodal diameter component is much smaller than that of the nodal diameter component corresponding to the mono-periodic system. The mechanical coupling between the blades and the disk plays an important role in the damping effect of the PPN, and it should be paid attention to in applications. The mono-periodic PPN can effectively suppress the amplitude magnification of the forced response induced by the mistuning of the blisk; meanwhile, it can mitigate the vibration localization of the mistuned electromechanical system. If piezoelectric patches are set only in part of the sectors, the bi-periodic PPN still has a vibration suppression ability, but the effect is related to the number and spatial distribution of the piezoelectric patches.     

压电叠堆在正弦电压激励下振动位移特性的研究

利用激光干涉仪对空载压电叠堆在正弦电压激励下的振动位移进行了测量,通过它的幅频曲线,初步研究了压电叠堆的振动位移特性及其影响因素.