A ground and obstacle collision avoidance technique (GOCAT)

The need to provide aircrew with a timely warning of a dangerously close approach to the terrain is discussed, along with the benefits this capability is expected to provide and specific requirements that it must fulfil. The ground proximity warning techniques that are available are reviewed, and their benefits and limitations are assessed. The GEC Avionics Ground and Obstacle Collision Avoidance Technique (GOCAT) is described. The particular advantages of the GOCAT approach are identified. Because GOCAT uses a database of the terrain and obstacles around the aircraft it has a very low nuisance alarm rate but will always generate a warning when the aircraft is in a dangerous situation. Issues of parameter selection, search area definition and system limitations are examined. The results of a GOCAT simulation are presented. The system performance parameters are discussed, and database requirements are reviewed. The characteristics of a practical implementation for both civil and military applications are briefly stated     

弹簧连接的锥形杆结构撞击问题的解析解

 提供了弹簧连接的锥形杆结构撞击问题的解析解。振动过程中把杆和质点作为整体考虑，采用无量纲变量，从而简化方程模型。算例说明了锥形杆中波传播情况和撞击端的响应，并且讨论了若干参数，如系统质量参数和锥形杆截面倾角对波传播的影响。解决含弹簧连接的锥形杆结构的纵向撞击问题，并且与等截面杆相应的纵向撞击问题进行了比较。     

含裂纹半无限大板受集中力作用的应力强度因子

本文釆用交替法求解了含边缘裂纹或内部裂纹或半无限长裂纹的半无限大板在板面内受集中力作用的应力强度因子。此法以平面弹性力学的两个问题为基础,而此两问题的解是已知的。第一个是裂纹表面受任意载荷的无限大板,第二个是半平面在边界上受任意载荷作用。然后交替地满足边界条件。计算结果已绘成曲线。     

某型涡扇发动机全包线实时仿真模型

介绍了实时仿真模型在数字电调半物理模拟试验中的作用和国内外目前的发展现状,并且给出了某型军用涡扇发动机的全包线实时仿真模型的仿真计算曲线。简单地叙述了发动机实时仿真模型的基本方程和建模方法,并且强调了进行部件特性试验和发动机高空台试验以及建立发动机部件特性和试车数据数据库的重要性。     

Master Timing of CAS Ground Stations

The characteristics of a master time and master-time dissemination subsystem for a collision avoidance system acceptable to the Air Transport Association of America are investigated. Selection of a time scale, a ground-station timing standard, and a synchronization technique are discussed. The conclusions are that a uniform time scale is ideal for the application, that a minimum of four cesium-beam standards are needed at each ground station, and that portable-clock synchronization is the only synchronization technique feasible at the present time. Considerations that suggest use of a nonuniform time scale are noted, and means of minimizing the adverse effects of the offsets necessitated by such an approach are described. Both single-master and weighted-average implementations of the time scale are discussed.     

转子振动主动控制中瞬态响应的抑制

在主动控制转子振动的过程中,支承刚性的改变必然伴随着转子两个稳定运动状态间过渡的瞬态过程。用时变系统理论研究了瞬态振动的特性及其影响因素,设计了时变控制器。结果表明,瞬态响应是转子主动控振中不可忽视的因素。时变控制器可大大减少瞬态响应的影响。     

Fast Algorithms for Time Domain Broadband Adaptive Array Processing

Recursive algorithms are presented for time domain, broadband, adaptive beamforming. The algorithms are rapidly converging and can be computationally efficient for a certain range of array processor parameters. The algorithms are presented for two forms of array processor. One form is a Frost-type structure in which explicit constraints are required for defining the array-look direction and also to control the sensitivity of the array processor to implementation errors. The other form is a partitioned array processor in which constraints are built into the processor and the adaptive weight control algorithm is therefore unconstrained. The two processors presented are both element-space processors but the algorithms can be applied also to beam-space processors.     

超音速流中球头反向喷流流场的数值模拟

采用CSCM(Conservative Supra-Characteristics Method)格式结合激波捕捉法求解了Navier-Stokes方程。通过算例对喷口总压等于2.08倍到6.54倍波后总压等4种情况进行了计算。得到壁面压力分布、等密度线和典型流场速度矢最图。与实验结果和其它数值计算值进行了比较和分析,得到本文计算出的弓形激波脱体距离在喷口压力低时与实验值符合得很好;压力高时差些。     

含不等长双裂纹无限大板应力强度因子

采用交替法求解了含任意相对位置不等长双裂纹的无限大极受均布拉应力作用的应力强度因子。此法以平面弹性力学的一个问题为基础,即含单裂纹无限大板,裂纹面受集中载荷,此问题的解已知,然后交替地满足边界条件。各种计算结果已绘成曲线。     

具有后挡板的喷流流场的数值研究

本文对发射台底面与后挡板之间的喷流流场进行了数值研究。采用迎风的Ｐｅｔｒｏｖ－Ｇａｌｅｒｋｉｎ有限元方法求解欧拉方程。描述了喷流出口处及挡板附近的流场细节。计算结果已成功地应用于导弹发射台的设计。     

复合材料裂纹板振动分析

 以往,人们在分析裂纹构件的整体特性时,认为裂纹尖端的奇异性不起主导作用,而只考虑刚度的变化。本文对裂纹构件进行了分析,根据分区广义变分原理,将裂纹板划分成多个区域,利用拉氏乘子,导出了求解裂纹板固有振动特性的变分泛函。最后,用收敛级数法求解了四边简支条件下穿透性裂纹板的振动特性,并与有限元解和实验值进行了比较,得到了一些有益的结论。     

Experimental and theoretical investigations of vibration characteristics for GTE compressor blade

The tables of vibration modes for a blade obtained by the experimental method of holographic interferometry and systematized according to the number of nodal lines are presented. The graphical dependences of resonant frequencies that allow eliminating the vibration mode miss are presented. The vibration modes for a rectangular plate and a blade are compared. A technique of determining the resonant frequency for a missed harmonics is proposed.     

跨、超声速吸附式压气机平面叶栅试验

对跨、超声速吸附式压气机平面叶栅进行了试验研究,试验针对若干抽气位置、抽气量和流动条件不同的叶栅工作状态进行,结果表明:一般在通道激波后、附面层分离前抽气对控制叶片附面层在逆压力梯度区的发展、抑制分离、降低叶栅损失、升叶栅气动性能有较明显的效果;在跨声速叶栅中,抽气量大于某个时抽气才能起到减小损失、改善性能的作用.      

超声速空气介质自由扩散混合流涡的演化

在不同谐波扰动促发方式下,观察二维超声速空气/空气自由扩散混合流中涡的形成及演化.考虑含空气组分扩散效应的可压缩Navier-Stokes方程,对流项采用3阶迎风紧致格式离散,输运项采用6阶对称紧致格式离散,非定常时间推进采用3阶紧致存储显式Runge-Kutta方法.在无相差情形下,获得了大尺度基频涡结构的饱和、一次对并、二次对并、三涡对并等现象.在Ma_c=0.3低对流Mach数下,基频涡较饱满,但流向尺度较小.受空气真实气体特性影响,在Ma_c=0.8高对流Mach数下未发现涡/小激波结构.      

窗外迎面风引起的多层建筑火灾流场特性

从理论上研究了不同楼层，位于楼房边侧或中间不同位置的房间发生火灾时，外界吹来正向的不同风速，对房间内外稳态温度场与流场的作用。特别研究了房间内热气流流出窗外向上运动的浮力和外界风力相互作用发生的现象及其对房间内流动的影响，引入了关于风的临界速度（或流量），作为外界风速与建筑物内火灾流场相互作用有标志性的重要参数，本文还对不同外界风速情况下，房间内外速度中性面倾斜的角度，房间内流出热气流温度的差别等诸多问题进行了详细的讨论。     

Nonlinear aeroelastic analysis of airfoils: bifurcation and chaos

Different types of structural and aerodynamic nonlinearities commonly encountered in aeronautical engineering are discussed. The equations of motion of a two-dimensional airfoil oscillating in pitch and plunge are derived for a structural nonlinearity using subsonic aerodynamics theory. Three classical nonlinearities, namely, cubic, freeplay and hysteresis are investigated in some detail. The governing equations are reduced to a set of ordinary differential equations suitable for numerical simulations and analytical investigation of the system stability. The onset of Hopf-bifurcation, and amplitudes and frequencies of limit cycle oscillations are investigated, with examples given for a cubic hardening spring. For various geometries of the freeplay, bifurcations and chaos are discussed via the phase plane, Poincaré maps, and Lyapunov spectrum. The route to chaos is investigated from bifurcation diagrams, and for the freeplay nonlinearity it is shown that frequency doubling is the most commonly observed route. Examples of aerodynamic nonlinearities arising from transonic flow and dynamic stall are discussed, and special attention is paid to numerical simulation results for dynamic stall using a time-synthesized method for the unsteady aerodynamics. The assumption of uniform flow is usually not met in practice since perturbations in velocities are encountered in flight. Longitudinal atmospheric turbulence is introduced to show its effect on both the flutter boundary and the onset of Hopf-bifurcation for a cubic restoring force.     

Model-based vision for automatic alarm interpretation

The further development of a previously reported knowledge-based vision recognition system for automating the interpretation of alarm events resulting from a perimeter intrusion detection system (PIDS) is reported. Measurements extracted over a sequence of digitized images are analyzed to identify the cause of the alarm. Models are maintained for alarm causes, and the scene and the measurements are matched with the models to derive an appropriate classification of the event. An overview of the initial classification system is provided, and modifications to the system are described. The results of applying the system to a range of real alarm events are presented, and further improvements are discussed     

Vibrations of circular sandwich plates connected with an elastic foundation

The results of analyzing axisymmetric forced vibrations of an elastic circular sandwich plate connected with an elastic foundation under different surface loads are presented. The hypotheses of a broken normal are accepted to describe the kinematics of a package that is nonsymmetrical over the thickness. The analytical solutions of a problem for plates with a light filler are obtained and numerical analysis is carried out.     

舰载直升机系留座的布置优化

本文根据舰载直升机系留索的受力特点,推导出系留索的张力计算表达式,利用遗传算法对系留点的位置进行优化,得到了各海况下系留点的优化布局形式和系留索的张力值,最后对得到的结果进行综合分析比较,确定了最佳的系留座布局形式。