新型超宽带共面波导结构天线的设计

设计了一款共面波导馈电的新型超宽带平面天线,该天线印刷在介电常数为4．4的FR4覆铜介质基板上,尺寸为20mm×30min×1．2mm,利用仿真软件HFSS对天线参数进行优化仿真。调节辐射贴片上各枝节的长度与宽度,通过不同谐振点的耦合来展宽频带宽度,可实现天线频带宽度为3-11．7GHz（S11〈-10dB）,相对带宽达到119％。按照优化尺寸对天线进行加工,实测数据与仿真值基本吻合。结果表明,该天线不仅可以实现超宽频带,而且结构简单,尺寸小,易于集成。     

基于角度分集的机载超宽带MIMO天线设计

为了提高机载通信设备信道容量和进一步减小天线安装空间，提出一种采用角度分集技术的超宽带（UWB）多输入多输出（MIMO）天线。该天线将Vivaldi天线和超宽带槽天线进行了集成设计，无需采用解耦结构便可获得较高的端口隔离度，大大提高了数据传输率。通过在Vivaldi天线辐射臂上开一对方形缝隙和在介质板背面增加长方形辐射贴片，可以有效减小天线的尺寸，设计的UWB-MIMO天线尺寸为36 mm×36 mm×0.8 mm。给出了天线的设计流程，加工了天线实物，并对其进行了测量。仿真和实测结果表明MIMO天线具有超宽的阻抗带宽，可以覆盖整个3.1~10.6 GHz超宽带频段。Vivaldi天线阻抗带宽为2.8~15.9 GHz，UWB槽天线阻抗带宽为1.8~12.7 GHz，天线端口隔离度均在-10 dB以下。测量了天线的辐射性能和增益特性，实测结果与仿真结果吻合较好，证明了该天线的有效性。该天线可以应用于超宽带无线通信系统和机载阵列天线系统中。     

宽波束圆极化微带天线设计

为了提高天线导航信号的有效覆盖面积,研究了应用于全球卫星定位系统(GPS)的宽波束圆极化微带天线。采用四个半径不同的非对称扇形切角实现天线辐射方向图的宽波束特性,天线的整体尺寸为0.395λ0×0.395λ0×0.016λ0(λ0为天线中心频率1.575GHz对应的工作波长)。应用商用仿真软件HFSS对天线进行了仿真设计,结果表明,该天线的圆极化带宽为13MHz(1.566~1.579GHz),阻抗带宽为78MHz(1.556~1.634GHz),增益大于5.9dBic,天线在中心频率1.575GHz时方向图的3dB轴比波束宽度为165°。在仿真设计的基础上,制作天线的工程样机,样机测试结果与设计结果吻合良好,说明了设计方法的有效性。     

低压CMOS折叠共源共栅混频器(英文)

折叠共源共栅结构被用于实现低压低功耗混频器,该混频器的性能对导航射频接收机的性能有很大影响。采用该种折叠共源共栅结构,实现了一种低压CMOS折叠共源共栅混频器(FCM)。在1.2V电源电压下,该FCM实现了高跨导、高线性与低噪声三者间的折衷设计,大大减小了实现线性和噪声性能之间、线性和转换增益之间、转换增益和噪声性能之间进行折衷设计的难度。采用SMIC0.18μmCMOS工艺进行了流片,得到FCM的有源区面积约为200μm×150μm。测试结果表明:该FCM功耗约为3.9mW,转换增益(GC)约为14.5dB,输入1dB压缩点(Pin-1dB)约为-13dBm,双边带(DSB)噪声系数约为12dB。该FCM可被应用于导航射频接收机以及航空航天或其他相关领域的电子系统。     

一种W—V型宽带微带天线的设计与仿真

提出一种新型的宽带微带探针馈电贴片天线。天线采用空气介质层,在W形接地板顶端利用同轴探针馈电V形贴片电线,这种设计使探针在介质基板中长度较短,产生的电感较小,同时增加了介质基板的厚度,因此使天线得到较大的工作带宽。选择合适的天线尺寸,通过仿真软件HFSS测出的阻抗带宽（VSWR≤1．5）达到48．6％,覆盖2．12GHz-3．48GHz（S波段）频率范围。     

基于相控阵雷达天线俯仰多波位相扫的设计与应用

分析研究了如何设计平面相控阵雷达天线多波位相扫的基本原理,提出了36行平面相控阵雷达天线在俯仰上实现多波位发射波束、接收波束形成与展宽方法.通过微波暗室的测试,天线技术指标完全达到了平面相控阵雷达天线多波位相扫的技术要求,实现了一维相控阵面高增益、高灵敏度、低噪声、大动态范围技术指标.     

一种新型超宽带紧耦合天线阵列设计

针对紧耦合天线阵列（Tightly Coupled Array,TCA）安装于飞机、导弹、舰船等平台时接地板严重影响其阻抗带宽的问题,将栅格形阻性频率选择表面与交指型偶极子天线单元相结合,设计了一种新型多层结构的超宽带TCA。采用CST对加载与未加载栅格形阻性频率选择表面时TCA的性能进行了比较分析。结果表明：未加载时,受接地板影响其最佳阻抗带宽（VSWR〈2）为4．5：1（2．1～9．5GHz）;加载后,TCA可克服接地板的影响,其阻抗带宽可达10．4：1（1．8～18．8GHz）。     

Ka波段高增益圆极化机载微带天线阵的设计与实现

设计、分析、制作了一种工作在Ka波段的4单元高增益、圆极化机载微带天线阵列。利用顺序旋转阵列和串并馈方式的微带线网络馈电,显著改善了天线的轴比带宽和驻波带宽,减少了馈线损耗,实现了高增益。采用L型微带调配枝节对贴片单元进行匹配,便于组阵,解决了阵列空间布局不合理的难题;馈电网络和天线单元集成在同一介质基板上,易于加工和制作。测试结果表明:该天线阵具有高增益和良好的圆极化特性,从而证实了该方法的正确性和实用性。本文所设计的天线由于具有体积小、质量轻、结构紧凑、易于集成等优点,在机载相控阵雷达以及卫星通信系统中具有很好的应用前景。     

厦航选择Aero-1改装其B737-300/500机群

３００／５００　Ｆｌｅｅｔ最近，厦门航空公司决定选择罗克韦尔柯林斯公司的ＳＡＴ２０００　Ａｅｒｏ－１　卫星通信系统改装其Ｂ７３７－３００／５００机群。 ＳＡＴ－２０００ Ａｅｒｏ－系统包括一个８－ＭＣＵ收发两用机ＳＲＴ－２０００和一个中增益天线系统ＩＧＡ－２０００。ＳＡＴ－２０００利用Ｉｎｍａｒｓａｔ的第三代卫星点波束覆盖范围可提供三条数据和语音卫星通信信道。 ＳＲＴ－２０００卫星终端基于柯林斯公司非常成功的ＳＡＴ－９０６平台。柯林斯ＩＧＡ－２０００天线包含了低噪声放大器／双工器，采用二维电控矩阵…     

雷达天线的近场测量

一、前言高性能雷达天线促进了高性能天线测量技术的发展。目前,雷达天线的副瓣一般比主瓣峰值低50dB,指向精度已达毫弧度以上。传统的远场测量往往不适用于这种天线的精确测量。本文主要介绍采用近场测量技术测量雷达天线的方向图和增益。为了提高天线测量精度,提高测量效率,降低测量成本,进行天线方向图和增益之外的天线特性诊断,已经研究出了一些新的测量技术。表1列出的目前常用的雷达天线测量技术。二、天线方向图和增益测量     

Performance of an Electrically Small Antenna Amplifier Circuit

A technique is presented to calculate the noise figure and available power gain for electricially small antenna amplifier circuits over a wide bandwidth. The method permits reasonable predictions of circuit performance solely from the manufacturer's transistor data, i.e., without resorting to extensive measurements. Results for a system designed for 10 kHz to 500 MHz coverage are presented. The agreement between the calculated and measured noise figures and available power gain is within 3 dB over most of the frequency range.     

30/20 GHz Band Small Earth Station for ISSDN Experiment

The system design and operational results of a 30/20 GHz band small Earth station for integrated services satellite digital network (ISSDN) experiments are presented. The Earth station has a high efficiency offset Cassegrain antenna with elliptical beam, a high power klystron amplifier with 1 kW output power and an uncooled parametric low noise amplifier with 200 K noise temperature. Experiments were performed using the medium capacity communications satellite for experimental purposes (CS). Performance on the Earth station was high. Effective radiation power (ERP) was greater than 88.1 dBW, and the receiving figure of merit (G/T) was larger than 30.6 dB/K. Good transmission characteristics were obtained through the satellite link for demand assigned time-division multiple access (DA-TDMA) with 20 Mbit/s bit rate.     

Analysis of a Signal Processor for an Antenna Array

A signal processor that provides ratio-squared predetection combining, has been investigated for application in an adaptive antenna array. The analysis and experimental data presented here pertain to the signal processing gain when the antenna array is illuminated by a coherent signal source and a partially coherent noise source. For a noise source which is coherent, the processing gain depends on relative strength of the signal and noise, relative directions of arrival, and the usual "array factor." The array exhibits capturing effects much as in an FM receiver. The effective antenna pattern is a superposition of two beams of different magnitudes, one directed to the signal source and the other to the noise source. When the noise is partially coherent, the behavior of the signal processor is quite complex. Analytical prediction and experimental simulation measurement on a four-channel system indicate that the partially coherent noise may be regarded as the source of an incoherent noise component plus a coherent noise component with the magnitude of the latter determined by the coherence coefficient for the noise source.     

多段组合穿孔板声衬降低对旋风机噪声的实验研究

通过对一台自行设计的高效高噪声对旋轴流通风机进行降噪实验研究表明:多段组合穿孔板声衬可大幅度降低对旋风机的离散噪声。使用有效长度为600mm的多段组合穿孔板声衬降噪,风机的总声压级降低了9dB.      

Tests on a 3 GHz ground plane Yagi

Classical dimensioning of a ground plane Yagi antenna for 3 GHz leads to a gain which is 2-3 dB less than predicted, but this can be overcome to some extent by additional directors. The impedance matching strongly depends on the size of the reflector, which should be by a factor of 1.2 longer than given by classical theory. The shape and size of the ground plane itself can be varied considerably with little or no effect on either the radiation pattern or the impedance characteristics but, on the other hand, inaccurate mutual positioning of the individual elements has a drastic influence. Material conductivity is not of prime concern     

一种低相位噪声频标分配放大器的设计实现

随着测控试验系统对低相位噪声频标指标要求的不断提高,国内市场上的绝大部分相关产品已无法满足要求。本文给出一种低相位噪声频标分配放大器的设计实例,实例采用基于MAX4104增益放大和LMH6609分配放大的2级放大电路结构,充分利用MAX4104的低相位噪声放大特性和LMH6609的大电流驱动分配特性,同时采用先进的PCB（印制电路板）设计技术和有效的电路噪声抑制手段,实现了频标的低相位噪声分配放大输出。最后对实例设计进行了验证分析。本设计相关产品已广泛应用于卫星地面测控系统的时频分系统中,实践证明设计指标满足航天测控和武器试验用户的要求。     

WARLOC: A High-Power Coherent 94 GHz Radar

This paper describes the development of a high-power, coherent radar system at W-band and discusses potential applications of radars with this new capability. Previous radars in this frequency band were limited by available power-amplifier technology to about 500 W of average power; WARLOC radar represents an increase in power, by 20 times, over previous coherent radars at 94 GHz. This performance improvement is possible due to the development of a gyroklystron amplifier specifically for this and future radars in this frequency band. The gyroklystron amplifier tubes deliver 100 kW peak power and 10 kW of average power at a center frequency of approximately 94 GHz. Other novel features of this radar include the use of highly overmoded waveguides and rotary joints for the transmission of power from the final power amplifier (FPA) to the antenna, and a high-power quasi-optical duplexer. The system uses a relatively large 1.8 m diameter (580-wavelength) Cassegrain antenna, which required the development of an antenna with an rms surface accuracy of 0.0025 in, to obtain long-range detection and identification of small objects. Test data show an antenna gain of 62.5 dB, confirming that the needed surface accuracy was achieved. Two mobile shelters house the radar system, permitting relocation to various test sites. WARLOC is presently operational at the Naval Research Laboratory's Chesapeake Bay Detachment facility, Maryland. It is being employed in radar imaging of airborne and surface objects, and in the scientific study of propagation effects and atmospheric physics phenomena.     

风扇后传声降噪声衬设计方法及实验验证

针对航空发动机风扇后传声降噪问题,开展了外涵道降噪声衬设计方法研究。将声衬设计过程分为两步,通过采用基于半经验声阻抗模型的声衬设计方法针对给定的声源频率进行初步设计,获得较优的声阻抗及相应的声衬几何参数。之后在初步设计结果的基础上,利用基于高精度计算气动声学的声传播计算软件对声阻抗进行优化,并得到最终的优化方案。为验证提出的设计方法,在全消声室内的风扇后传声降噪声衬测试台分别对初步设计声衬和优化声衬进行了实验验证。实验中采用扬声器模拟风扇声源,给定声源模态为(1,0),频率为3150Hz,内涵出口马赫数为0.8,外涵出口马赫数为0.6。结果表明:在给定的声源模态和频率下,初步设计的声衬可以取得10dB的降噪效果。优化设计的声衬相较于初步设计声衬,远场噪声可以再降低3~4dB。      

一种低副瓣波纹喇叭天线的设计与实现

文章设计了一种高斯分布的波纹喇叭天线,具有增益高、转换效率高、交叉极化低、相位中心不随频率变化的特点。该天线采用正交馈电,结构简单紧凑,以双线极化或圆极化方式工作。根据天线设计参数,建立了天线模型,进行了优化设计。仿真和实测结果表明,天线在频率34～36 GHz范围内,增益大于20dBi,方向图在E面和H面具有良好对称性,副瓣电平不大于-26 d B,驻波比小于1.5,整体性能满足工程应用要求。