轴流压气机失速特征识别

为了能够准确识别压气机旋转失速过程中失速团的数目,将压气机旋转失速过程中脉动压力波动的相位和幅值特征绘制在极坐标中,然后根据其在极坐标图中表现出来的特征来确定失速团的数目.经过与传统方法对比说明该分析方法对于失速团数目的确定优于原有的方法,具有抗噪性和一定的精度.另外,使用该方法可以可视化周向失速分布区域,并能可视化压气机失速先兆的发生和发展.      

基于小波分析的压气机失速故障检测

当发动机发生失速时，会引起压气机内压力信号的变化，这种压力信号的变化可以看作信号的奇异点，利用小波分析所具有的时－频特性和多分辨分析的特点，结合对压气机内压力信号频率成分的研究，通过检测模极大值的方法来确定信号的奇异点，进而探测压气机的失速故障，结果表明，利用该方法可以准确地检测压气机失速故障。     

基于模态波理论的压气机失速先兆识别方法

针对压气机气动失速预警存在无法兼顾对渐进型和突尖型失速先兆有效识别的不足，以及提取失速团幅值需要多路传感器信号的局限。分析了压气机失速发展过程中的信号特征；根据压气机失速信号的旋转特性，提出基于单路传感器信号重构周向多路失速先兆信号的方法，讨论了信号重构步长的取值；基于模态波理论，通过对重构信号进行空间傅里叶变换，得到失速扰动信号各阶模态幅值，根据低阶模态的幅值变化实现对渐进型与突尖型失速先兆的识别。以某压气机为例进行仿真，结果表明:当信号重构的步长小于突尖波时间尺度的一半时，重构的多路信号能够复现压气机周向位置失速发展过程，且步长越小，越有利于失速先兆的识别；由模态分解得到的1阶模态幅值的变化能够有效反映失速发展过程；通过合理设置模态幅值的阀值，可以在失速发展前期对失速先兆进行准确识别，从而，基于单路传感器失速信号即可实现对渐进型失速和突尖型失速均能进行预警。      

组合压气机旋转失速特征的小波分析

采用高频响动态压力探针测量了小流量轴流/离心组合压气机的旋转失速和喘振,并采用基于Morlet小波时频分析和小波系数奇异分解的方法分析了压气机失速信号.研究结果表明:稳定工况下,频率分量较多、幅值较小.失速工况下,特征频率能量较大、且成倍频关系.在该组合压气机的失稳过程中,并没有引起大幅度的压力脉动.压气机光滑地从失速前出现的模态波过渡到完全失速.周向存在2个失速团,失速团传播速度约为44.8%~45.9%转速.      

基于时频-小波分析的压气机失速先兆研究

采用时频-小波分析法对某型发动机的八级轴流压气机级间压力信号的失速先兆及发展信息进行了分析,检验了失速时刻信号的奇异值。结果表明，在失速前的阶段，不同的频率段表现出不同的失速先兆成分。     

基于时频-小波分析的压气机失速过程研究

采用时频—小波分析的方法,针对某型发动机的八级轴流压气机级间压力信号,提取失速先兆及发展信息。结果表明,在失速前的阶段,不同的频率段表现出不同的失速先兆成分;并检验了失速时刻信号的奇异性,最后确定了最先失速级。      

失速团动态演变特性试验

对一台单级低速轴流压气机进行了节流特性试验,通过周向布置动态压力传感器测得了节流过程的动态压力信号,结合时域、频域及极坐标可视化的分析方法,研究了节流过程的失速团动态演变特性.结果表明:失速先兆类型为模态波失速先兆,其传播频率约为40%转子转动频率;压气机进入失速初期349.5r时周向形成两个失速团,360r时两个失速团合并为单个失速团,压气机进入深度失速时单个失速团重新分裂并在410r时稳定为两个失速团;压气机退出失速的过程中,665r时两个失速团重新合并为单个失速团,674.5r时压气机退出失速.      

亚声速轴流压气机失速监测方法试验

为了研究轴流压气机失速先兆信号监测的有效算法,对亚声速轴流压气机试验台的孤立转子在不同转速下,从稳定工况到失速工况叶顶不同轴向位置进行了动态压力信号测量试验,采用自相关分析和方差分析算法对试验数据进行了对比分析。结果表明,该压气机为突尖型失速,在叶顶前缘附近能明显感受到失速先兆信号,自相关分析监测到失速先兆信号的时间明显早于方差分析,可更有效的达到失速预警的作用。     

基于小波分析的发动机惯性起动失速信号检测方法研究

针对某型涡扇发动机惯性起动失败,利用小波Mallat算法对采集到的风扇和压气机脉动压力信号进行快速高频滤波,通过对滤除高频噪声的信号进行傅里叶频谱分析,准确检测出发动机起动失败时的失速信号。研究结果表明,利用小波分析方法进行失速故障检测简单、直观,具有一定的工程实用价值。     

带有蜗壳的离心压气机进口失速先兆位置的确定及其成因分析

为了确定离心压气机失速先兆形成的原因,分析蜗舌与失速先兆位置的关系,采用数值计算方法对高速小流量离心压气机失速先兆特征进行了研究。计算结果表明:失速过程中流场结构的变化说明了离心压气机出现的是脉冲波失速先兆,离心压气机失速先兆现象由蜗舌对气流的阻滞作用诱发,蜗壳内部流场在周向55°附近区域出现高静压区域,高静压区域形成的扰动通过前倾后弯的叶轮通道逆向传播至叶轮进口,从而在进口周向115°附近出现失速先兆。     

Multiresolutional filtering using wavelet transform

An algorithm for optimal and dynamic multiresolutional distributed filtering is derived. The wavelet transform is utilized as a bridge linking signals at different resolution levels. The algorithm can be employed for dynamic multisensor/data fusion     

Hough transform for long chirp detection

The online detection of a very long and weak chirp signal is studied. The signal has an extremely slowly decreasing frequency, and is corrupted by white Gaussian noise and possibly also by powerful tones. By exploring and comparing candidate methods, it is found that the Hough transform (HT) detector appears to be most suitable given constraints on computational load and detectability. The analytical and the simulational performance of the HT detector are obtained and compared with the analytical performance of the generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT), which is assumed to be optimal. Applying a suitable threshold for the HT can increase speed dramatically while preserving performance. We have found that both dithering (taking varied frequency shifts for fast Fourier transforms (FFTs)) and increasing the FFT length can reduce the minimum detectable frequency slope with nearly no additional computation     

Modification of the SAR step transform algorithm

When the basic step transform algorithm is used to compress synthetic-aperture radar (SAR) signals in azimuth, the linear FM rate and sampling rate must satisfy certain tight constraints. In practice, these constraints cannot be satisfied and errors are introduced into the compressed SAR image. A modification is described of the basic step transform which incorporates interpolation and resampling into the algorithm. These changes allow the removal of the constraints and make the step transform more useful for the compression of real data. An autofocusing capability is also included, without introducing much additional complexity     

基于工程图学投影变换板图构建的研究

培养人们对三维几何形体及相关位置的空间逻辑思维能力和形象思维能力,是工程图学研究的主要任务之一。用投影变换来帮助学习者培养空间想象能力是学习中必用的手段和方法。讨论了工程图学研究过程中投影变换时如何合理、有效地利用有限空间来构建板图、如何恰当选择例图的方法等问题,同时提出了书中用图的不足及改进方法。     

Joint time-frequency transform for radar range-Doppler imaging

Conventional radar imaging uses the Fourier transform to retrieve Doppler information. However, due to the complex motion of a target, the Doppler frequency shifts are actually time-varying. By using the Fourier transform, the Doppler spectrum becomes smeared and the image is blurred. Without resorting to sophisticated motion compensation algorithms, the image blurring problem can be resolved with the joint time-frequency transform. High-resolution time-frequency transforms are investigated, and examples of applications to radar imaging of single and multiple targets with complex motion are given     

Iris-based biometric recognition using dyadic wavelet transform

A biometric identification system, based on the processing of the human iris by the dyadic wavelet transform, has been introduced. The procedure to obtain an iris signature of 256 bits has been described, as well as the feature extraction block and the verification system. The results have shown that the system can achieve high rates of security.     

Canonical transform for tracking with kinematic models

A canonical transform is presented that converts a coupled or uncoupled kinematic model for target tracking into a decoupled dimensionless canonical form. The coupling is due to non-zero off-diagonal terms in the covariance matrices of the process noise and/or the measurement noise, which can be used to model the coupling of motion and/or measurement between coordinates. The decoupled dimensionless canonical form is obtained by simultaneously diagonalizing the noise covariance matrices, followed by a spatial-temporal normalization procedure. This canonical form is independent of the physical specifications of an actual system. Each subsystem corresponding to a canonical coordinate is characterized by its process noise standard deviation, called the maneuver index as a generalization of the tracking index for target tracking, which characterizes completely the performance of a steady-state Kalman filter. A number of applications of this canonical form are discussed. The usefulness of the canonical transform is illustrated via an example of performance analysis of maneuvering target tracking in an air traffic control (ATC) system.     

转子进动分析的4个定理

建立4个关于转子进动的定理.定理1为转子进动圆的面积定理;定理2为转子进动圆的周长定理;定理3和4则描述了转子上的作用力及其所作的功与转子进动的关系.应用上述定理,对不平衡力、阻尼力和反对称交叉刚度产生的弹性力所做的功进行了分析.所得结论与经典理论一致.但发现,ω_y＜Ω＜ω_x时,由于|r_-|＞r₊|,反对称交叉刚度产生的弹性力做负功,W＜0.这种情况下,反对称交叉刚度为镇定因素,有利于抑制反进动失稳.      

小波变换在雷达信号检测中的应用

小波分析已经成为目前雷达信号去噪的主要方法之一。通过对小波去噪问题的描述,揭示了小波去噪的滤波特性;分别阐述了目前雷达信号检测中常用的4类小波去噪方法并进行性能分析;对雷达信号的小波检测方法提出了展望。     

Split vector radix algorithm for two-dimensional Hartley transform

A fast algorithm is presented which computes the two-dimensional Hartley transform. This algorithm is referred to as the split vector radix algorithm. It uses the decimation in frequency decomposition and, due to its in-place property, it does not require midmemory devices or matrix transposition. Its computational structure is simpler than that of the algorithm of L.Z. Chen (1983), and it is easy to program. Compared with the vector radix algorithm of R. Kumaresan and P.K. Gupta (1986), the proposed algorithm saves about 35% of the multiplication and 10% of the additions for the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) of a 4096*4096 real valued input sequence.<>