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增材制造(3D打印)近年来被国内外广泛研究和应用,但是目前尚无关于增材制造的系统、清晰和准确的分类。根据文献调研和现场调研,将增材制造技术分别按照制造材料种类、形态、热源、工艺组合等方法来进行划分,即增材制造技术可分为四大类16个小类,并且分别介绍各类增材制造技术原理、特点及其研究应用现状。最后指出目前增材制造材料单一与效率低等不足及向多元化、高效化、稳定化和包容化等发展的趋势。 相似文献
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近年国外发展起一套新的超声波增材制造技术,它采用大功率超声能量,以金属箔材作为原材料,利用金属层与层之间振动摩擦产生的热量,促进界面间金属原子相互扩散并形成界面固态物理冶金结合,从而实现金属带材逐层叠加的增材制造成形,同时将固结增材过程与数控铣削等减材工艺相结合,实现了超声波成形与制造一体化的超声波增材制造技术.与高能束金属快速成形技术相比,超声波增材制造技术具有温度低、无变形、速度快、绿色环保等优点,适合复杂叠层零部件成形、加工一体化智能制造,在航空航天、武器装备、能源、交通等尖端领域有着重要的应用前景.本文介绍了超声波增材制造技术的原理及发展,以及该技术在叠层复合材料的制备和零部件制造等方面的应用,同时介绍了国内超声波增材制造技术的研究进展. 相似文献
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超材料作为一种新型拓扑优化设计的结构材料,展现出特殊的物理性质,比如负泊松比、负折射率等,在波动控制和隐身方面有重要的潜在应用价值,因此受到国内外的广泛关注。增材制造技术,又称为3D打印技术,适合于制造复杂形状的结构,利用增材制造技术制造隐身超材料具有较高的几何自由度和尺寸精度,为超材料的广泛应用提供技术条件。本文基于超材料的基本概念,对隐身超材料结构设计、功能调控的研究进展进行详细介绍,进一步介绍增材制造隐身超材料的光固化法、熔融沉积法、激光选区烧结/熔化法等工艺方法,并讨论了增材制造超材料在制造过程中存在的阶梯效应、原材料黏附现象、热扩散现象、尺寸精度、粗糙度等问题。 相似文献
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《燃气涡轮试验与研究》2016,(6)
基于激光增材制造技术可快速、精确地制造出任意复杂形状零件的特点,以带复杂冷却内腔结构的航空发动机涡轮叶片为研究对象,对激光增材制造技术在涡轮叶片制备过程中的工程应用特点和难点进行了研究,并提出相应解决措施。研究结果显示,激光增材制造技术在降低零件制造成本和减少零件交货周期方面具有显著优势,但在材料力学性能、表面粗糙度、位置及型面公差、气膜孔收缩率及机械加工定位点等方面依然存在挑战。 相似文献
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通过收集和整理国内外技术标准,对比分析了激光增材制造毛坯与传统锻造和铸造毛坯在成形工艺、显微组织、缺陷及其形成原因、内部质量以及力学性能等方面的差异。结果表明,激光增材制造较传统工艺整体制造周期短、材料利用率高;激光增材制造毛坯气孔能达到A1级别,稍低于锻造的AA级别,气孔级别能达到铸件的B级;激光增材制造钛合金纵横向屈服强度和拉伸强度分别比锻造和铸造低3.4%和0.78%。 相似文献
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拓扑优化与增材制造结合:一种设计与制造一体化方法 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
被誉为"第三次工业革命"的增材制造技术通过材料层层累加的方式实现结构的制备,这种独特的制造方式实现了高度复杂结构的自由"生长"成形,极大地拓宽了设计"空间",为新型结构及材料的制备提供了强大的工具。制造工艺的飞速发展往往需要设计技术的快速跟进,拓扑优化方法因其不依赖初始构型及工程师经验,可获得完全意想不到的创新构型,已成为结构创新设计的重要工具。因此,将拓扑优化(先进设计技术)与增材制造(先进制造技术)融合,发展面向增材制造的创新设计技术具有广阔的前景。从面向增材制造的优质结构构型设计以及考虑增材制造工艺约束的拓扑优化设计方法两个方面,介绍了现阶段基于拓扑优化方法所建立的结构创新设计理论,并指出未来研究的趋势。 相似文献
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NING Guo-dong ZHANG Shu-guang FANG Zhen-ping 《中国航空学报》2007,20(1):1-8
A method for the implementation of integrated three-degree-of-freedom constrained entry guidance for reusable launch vehicle is presented. Given any feasible entry conditions, terminal area energy management interface conditions, and the reference trajectory generated onboard then, the method can generate a longitudinal guidance profile rapidly, featuring linear quadratic regular method and a proportional-integral-derivative tracking law with time-varying gains, which satisfies all the entry corridor constraints and meets the requirements with high precision. Afterwards, by utilizing special features of crossrange parameter, establishing bank-reversal corridor, and determining bank-reversals according to dynamically adjusted method, the algorithm enables the lateral entry guidance system to fly a wide range of missions and provides reliable and good performance in the presence of significant aerodynamic modeling uncertainty. Fast trajectory guidance profiles and simulations with a reusable launch vehicle model for various missions and aerodynamic uncertain-ties are presented to demonstrate the capacity and reliability of this method. 相似文献
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基于飞机油箱模型形状特征油量测量切片步长选择方法研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在分析飞机数字式油量测量过程中目前广泛使用的切片法油量测量原理的基础上,针对现有的定步长切片法无法得到准确、可靠的燃油质量特性数据库的缺陷,结合对飞机油箱模型形状特征的分析,提出了基于飞机油箱模型形状特征的油量测量切片步长选择方法。此方法包括切片步长整体和局部选择两个过程,整体选择以实现相邻两切片平面所夹油箱模型体积近似相等为目的来确定切片步长,以体现油箱模型截面整体变化规律;局部选择以设计切片平面与截面突变平面重合或尽可能接近的方式,突出油箱截面的局部变化特征。实验结果表明:该切片步长选择方法较定步长方法能够建立更为合理、可靠的燃油质量特性数据库,从而提高了油量测量精度。 相似文献
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The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation. 相似文献
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Abnormal Shape Mould Winding 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Fu Hongya Wang Xianfeng Han Zhenyu Fu Yunzhong 《中国航空学报》2007,20(6):552-558
为解决网格化芯模的缠绕问题,本文提出了复合材料面片缠绕机理;接着详细分析了面片缠绕过程中的芯模凹曲面上纤维滑线和架空现象,应用微分几何曲面理论和空间几何理论,提出判据及其解决方案;最后,针对飞机发动机进气道的缠绕成型,编制缠绕控制程序并进行相应的实验,验证了面片缠绕方法的可行性。 相似文献
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FU Hong-jun MA Chong-qi KUANG Nai-hang LUAN Shi-lin 《中国航空学报》2007,20(2):124-128
This work was dedicated to performing surface oxidation and coating treatments on carbon fibers (CF) and investigating the changes of fiber surface properties after these treatments, including surface composition, relative volume of functional groups, and sur- face topography with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and atom force microscopy (AFM) technology. The results show that, after oxidation treatments, interfacial properties between CF and non-polar polyarylacetylene (PAA) resin are remarkably modified by removing weak surface layers and increasing fiber surface roughness. Coating treatment by high char phenolic resin solution after oxida- tion makes interface of CF/PAA composites to be upgraded and the interfacial properties further bettered. 相似文献
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Xu Chenghai Meng Songhe Zhang Mingfu Zuo Hongbo Wang Guigen 《中国航空学报》2007,20(5):475-480
本文利用有限元法对冷心放肩微量提拉法(SAPMAC)生长大尺寸蓝宝石单晶过程中的热应力进行了模拟计算,应用临界缺陷理论解释了裂纹的萌生与扩展机理。研究表明,晶体内的热应力主要与晶体生长速率,环境温度和结晶取向有关;较大热应力多出现在结晶界面,放肩、收尾以及直径急剧变化等位置;最大热应力总是出现在籽晶与新生晶体的界面附近。裂纹将在临界缺陷位置产生,并在应力作用下沿a或m面扩展。计算结果与实验结果基本吻合,通过晶体生长系统和生长工艺的改进,对晶体的开裂问题得到了有效的抑制。 相似文献
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CHENG Wen-yuan CHANG Yan CUI De-gang XIE Xiang-hui 《中国航空学报》2007,20(1):55-59
To solve the topology optimization of complicated multi-objective continuous/discrete design variables in aircmit structure design, a Parallel Pareto Genetic Algorithm (PPGA) is presented based on grid platform in this paper. In the algorithm, the commercial finite element analysis (FEA) software is integrated as the calculating tool for analyzing the objective functions and the filter of Pareto solution set based on weight information is introduced to deal with the relationships among all objectives. Grid technology is utilized in PPGA to realize the distributed computations and the user interface is developed to realize the job submission and job management locally/remotely. Taking the aero-elastic tailoring of a composite wing for optimization as an example, a set of Pareto solutions are obtained for the decision-maker. The numerical results show that the aileron reversal problem can be solved by adding the limited skin weight in this system. The algorithm can be used to solve complicated topology optimization for composite structures in engineering and the computation efficiency can be improved greatly by using the grid platform that aggregates numerous idle resources. 相似文献