发动机封严涂层的研究进展

本文介绍了航空发动机封严涂层的研究现状和发展方向，重点介绍了热喷涂封严涂层和高温陶瓷基封严涂层的研究进展以及封严涂层的研究方法。     

航空发动机热涂封严涂层应用

叙述了航空发动机热喷涂封严涂层的应用情况。     

控制航空发动机运转间隙的热喷涂封严涂层

介绍了控制航空发动机运转间隙的热喷涂封严涂层的研究和应用，即等离子喷涂聚苯酯／铝硅封严涂层，氧－乙炔焰喷涂六方氮化硼陶瓷封严涂层，以及等离子喷涂钇稳氧化锆陶瓷封严涂层。此外还针对现有的问题提出了今后应开展的研究工作。     

超声速喷涂Al2O3陶瓷涂层工艺研究

通过对超声速热喷涂工艺过程的论述,介绍了在某型航空发动机的零件封严齿上喷涂Al2O3陶瓷涂层的工艺方法,以及涂层金相试样的制备和涂层评定方法.     

可磨耗封严涂层研究进展

可磨耗封严涂层是一种重要的热喷涂涂层,广泛应用于飞机发动机,对提高发动机效率、降低油耗进而提升发动机整体性能具有重要意义.本文介绍了可磨耗封严涂层材料的主要种类及其发展趋势,阐述了可磨耗封严涂层性能评价方法.     

新型多组元复合粉末等离子喷涂工艺研究

多组元复合粉末制备的可磨耗封严涂层在先进航空发动机中已经广泛应用。本文对新型多组元粉末制备可磨耗封严涂层的工艺进行了实验设计(DOE),结果表明等离子喷涂时的氩气流量和氢气流量对封严涂层硬度值影响最大,经过优化后涂层的硬度可达到5.4～5.5mm的压痕直径,满足先进航空发动机封严涂层维修要求。     

可磨耗封严涂层及其性能评价

介绍航空发动机可磨耗封严材料的特性、现状及其发展;评述可磨耗封严涂层性能评价的研究现状。     

飞机发动机封严涂层的研究

采用正交设计实验方法对 BH封严涂层的组成进行了优选,并对涂层的固化工艺进行了优选,确定了 BH封严涂层的最佳组成和固化工艺。BH封严涂层的外观均匀细致、气孔数量少,且孔径小。涂层的耐冷热循环性能比目前使用的封严涂层提高了 4倍以上,可耐 3 8次冷热循环,且涂层的固化工艺比较简便。研究发现 :BH封严涂层满足了 3 0 0℃条件下热稳定性的要求;石墨填料有利于改善涂层的附着性能;涂层的硬度主要取决于石棉、ZL填料的含量;封严涂层的耐冷热循环性能主要取决于涂层与基体热膨胀系数的差异     

NiCrAl-NiC封严涂层在硫氯酸盐中的热腐蚀行为

为探究NiCrAl-NiC封严涂层在高温熔盐环境下的腐蚀行为,使用大气等离子喷涂技术制备NiCrAl-NiC封严涂层。通过测量NiCrAl-NiC封严涂层的失重情况研究涂层的动力学变化,通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、激光共聚焦显微镜等方法,探讨NiCrAl-NiC封严涂层在650℃下混合硫氯酸盐(75%Na₂SO₄+25%NaCl)中的热腐蚀行为。结果表明：在进行10 h的热腐蚀实验后,NiCrAl-NiC封严涂层呈现出快速增重状态,增重速率为32.041 mg₂·cm^-4·h^-1。在进行20 h的热腐蚀实验后,涂层由于表面氧化膜的脱落而发生减重现象。在热腐蚀进行了30 h后,涂层表面膜的生长覆盖了整个涂层,涂层表面形貌均匀,表面孔隙减少,可以对基体起到很好的保护作用。在完整的氧化膜的保护作用下,进行了40 h热腐蚀实验的NiCrAl-NiC封严涂层的质量变化速率为0.064 mg²·cm^-4·h^-1<...     

航空发动机和工业燃气轮机热喷涂热障涂层用金属黏结层:回顾与展望

超音速火焰喷涂制作的金属黏结层加料浆喷涂制作的柱状晶结构陶瓷隔热层被视作新一代航空发动机和燃气轮机用热喷涂热障涂层,其中采用的MCrAlY金属黏结层正朝着长寿命、低成本、适用于新燃料的方向发展。本文综述近年来航空发动机和燃气轮机热端部件热障涂层用MCrAlY金属黏结层研究进展,并对涂层的结构设计与成分设计进行探讨。     

ν-gap度量及其在飞行控制律评估中的应用

 传统控制律评估方法主要用于单输入单输出（SISO）系统，且对模型参数摄动考虑不够全面,针对这些不足，研究了ν-gap度量方法。在介绍系统广义稳定裕度相关概念的基础上，给出了ν-gap度量的定义、特点和性质以及近似摄动模型的计算，提出ν-gap度量评估控制律的步骤。实例结果表明，该方法不仅克服了上述传统评估方法的缺陷，而且还有根据所求的各摄动影响情况忽略影响小的元素，以减少计算量及可以找到最坏情况下的参数摄动组合等优点。     

Integrated Entry Guidance for Reusable Launch Vehicle

A method for the implementation of integrated three-degree-of-freedom constrained entry guidance for reusable launch vehicle is presented. Given any feasible entry conditions, terminal area energy management interface conditions, and the reference trajectory generated onboard then, the method can generate a longitudinal guidance profile rapidly, featuring linear quadratic regular method and a proportional-integral-derivative tracking law with time-varying gains, which satisfies all the entry corridor constraints and meets the requirements with high precision. Afterwards, by utilizing special features of crossrange parameter, establishing bank-reversal corridor, and determining bank-reversals according to dynamically adjusted method, the algorithm enables the lateral entry guidance system to fly a wide range of missions and provides reliable and good performance in the presence of significant aerodynamic modeling uncertainty. Fast trajectory guidance profiles and simulations with a reusable launch vehicle model for various missions and aerodynamic uncertain-ties are presented to demonstrate the capacity and reliability of this method.     

基于飞机油箱模型形状特征油量测量切片步长选择方法研究

 在分析飞机数字式油量测量过程中目前广泛使用的切片法油量测量原理的基础上,针对现有的定步长切片法无法得到准确、可靠的燃油质量特性数据库的缺陷,结合对飞机油箱模型形状特征的分析,提出了基于飞机油箱模型形状特征的油量测量切片步长选择方法。此方法包括切片步长整体和局部选择两个过程,整体选择以实现相邻两切片平面所夹油箱模型体积近似相等为目的来确定切片步长,以体现油箱模型截面整体变化规律;局部选择以设计切片平面与截面突变平面重合或尽可能接近的方式,突出油箱截面的局部变化特征。实验结果表明：该切片步长选择方法较定步长方法能够建立更为合理、可靠的燃油质量特性数据库,从而提高了油量测量精度。     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

二维翼段颤振的μ控制

 采用超声电机作为作动器来实现含控制面的翼段颤振鲁棒抑制。针对作者设计的二维翼段颤振主动抑制系统，通过理论与实验相结合的方法，建立了考虑沉浮方向阻尼和作动器模型参数不确定性的控制系统模型，设计了μ控制器，并对控制器做了降阶处理。数值仿真和风洞试验表明，μ控制器可有效地抑制颤振的发生，将颤振临界速度提高23.4%。相对于H_∞控制器，μ控制器的控制效果和鲁棒性更好。     

航空发动机管路测量数据分割方法

 为了提高航空发动机管路测量数据的反求建模效率,提出了一种区域增长分割算法。该方法主要是利用管路表面在曲面索引系数映射、主曲率映射、高斯映射上的特性,并基于均值漂移算法和遗传算法提出了区域分割算法中种子区域的选择策略。然后利用区域增长分割方法实现了对管路测量数据的分割。经过仿真和实测数据验证,所提管路分割算法具有较好的分割质量和效率。     

Abnormal Shape Mould Winding

为解决网格化芯模的缠绕问题,本文提出了复合材料面片缠绕机理;接着详细分析了面片缠绕过程中的芯模凹曲面上纤维滑线和架空现象,应用微分几何曲面理论和空间几何理论,提出判据及其解决方案;最后,针对飞机发动机进气道的缠绕成型,编制缠绕控制程序并进行相应的实验,验证了面片缠绕方法的可行性。     

Interfacial Properties Modification of Carbon Fiber/ Polyarylacetylene Composites

This work was dedicated to performing surface oxidation and coating treatments on carbon fibers (CF) and investigating the changes of fiber surface properties after these treatments, including surface composition, relative volume of functional groups, and sur- face topography with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and atom force microscopy (AFM) technology. The results show that, after oxidation treatments, interfacial properties between CF and non-polar polyarylacetylene (PAA) resin are remarkably modified by removing weak surface layers and increasing fiber surface roughness. Coating treatment by high char phenolic resin solution after oxida- tion makes interface of CF/PAA composites to be upgraded and the interfacial properties further bettered.     

Thermal Stresses and Cracks During the Growth of Large-sized Sapphire with SAPMAC Method

本文利用有限元法对冷心放肩微量提拉法(SAPMAC)生长大尺寸蓝宝石单晶过程中的热应力进行了模拟计算,应用临界缺陷理论解释了裂纹的萌生与扩展机理。研究表明,晶体内的热应力主要与晶体生长速率,环境温度和结晶取向有关;较大热应力多出现在结晶界面,放肩、收尾以及直径急剧变化等位置;最大热应力总是出现在籽晶与新生晶体的界面附近。裂纹将在临界缺陷位置产生,并在应力作用下沿a或m面扩展。计算结果与实验结果基本吻合,通过晶体生长系统和生长工艺的改进,对晶体的开裂问题得到了有效的抑制。     

Optimization Design System for Composite Structures Based on Grid Technology

To solve the topology optimization of complicated multi-objective continuous/discrete design variables in aircmit structure design, a Parallel Pareto Genetic Algorithm （PPGA） is presented based on grid platform in this paper. In the algorithm, the commercial finite element analysis （FEA） software is integrated as the calculating tool for analyzing the objective functions and the filter of Pareto solution set based on weight information is introduced to deal with the relationships among all objectives. Grid technology is utilized in PPGA to realize the distributed computations and the user interface is developed to realize the job submission and job management locally/remotely. Taking the aero-elastic tailoring of a composite wing for optimization as an example, a set of Pareto solutions are obtained for the decision-maker. The numerical results show that the aileron reversal problem can be solved by adding the limited skin weight in this system. The algorithm can be used to solve complicated topology optimization for composite structures in engineering and the computation efficiency can be improved greatly by using the grid platform that aggregates numerous idle resources.