基于最优机动参数的靶弹变轨研究

在跃升机动、蛇行机动、摆式机动和螺旋机动4种机动的变轨通用控制指令形式基础上,以拦截弹脱靶量的大小作为评判靶弹突防效果的指标,建立了末端机动靶弹突防效果的脱靶量分析模型,并提出了上述4种形式变轨突防最优参数的设计方法。在这些最优参数的作用下,导弹靶弹的机动变轨可实现最佳的突防效果,从而提升防空导弹的实战训练效果。     

对机动目标最优拦截轨迹区域性转化的实现

本文给出一种遗传算法，可用于实现对机动目标状态群的实时估计，进而给出对机动目标拦截的全局性最优问题向拦截的区域性最优问题的转化方法。     

空间站伴随卫星的最优轨道机动

介绍了空间站伴随卫星的概念和轨道机动过程，给出了伴随卫星的轨道构型；建立了伴随轨道的最优机动模型，并对脉冲轨道机动进行了仿真计算，得出了伴随轨道最优机动轨迹、方位角和释放时间等的变化规律,研究结果对伴随卫星控制具有一定的参考价值。     

飞行器最优机动策略研究方法及进展

回顾了国内外最优机动策略研究的理论和方法,着重论述了近几年国内外的最优轨道机动策略问题的研究状况,比较了国内外的发展差别,讨论了轨道最优机动策略的发展趋势,为我国飞行器最优轨道机动策略研究方向提供了有意义的参考。     

基于能量优化的无人机机动轨迹生成方法

基于能量优化的无人机机动能够使无人机在不失去决定性位置优势的情况下获取相对于对手的能量优势，足够的能量优势可转换为有效的位置优势，有利于无人机在空战中随时改出当前机动并投入下一机动动作，对于无人机获取空战胜利至关重要。开展了基于能量优化的无人机机动轨迹生成方法研究，通过在无人机机动飞行包线内设计合适的机动指令，使得无人机能量性能指标最优。以上升转弯机动为例进行了机动轨迹生成的详细设计，并与常规上升转弯机动轨迹生成结果进行对比，仿真结果显示所设计的机动动作完成时间缩短了28.6%~83.8%，总能量变化减少了64.7%~70.1%，实现了无人机机动飞行的能量优化。     

用卡尔曼滤波器估计目标机动加速度

为了使基于线性二次型高斯理论的LQG最优制导规律得到工程应用，设计了一种寻的回路中的卡尔曼滤波器，利用仿真技术，用这种滤波器对目标机动加速度进行了估计，仿真结果表明，这种滤波器可以准确估计目标机动加速度。     

现代战斗机最优过失速和高速转变机动

通过分析水平面内的最快转弯和最小半径转弯，研究了现代战斗机的最优过失速机动和高速机动。利用最优控制理论，讨论和分析了最优倾侧角和控制和推力控制规律。     

图象序列中机动目标的形心跟踪

从边检测边跟踪的角度探讨了图象序列中机动目标的形心跟踪问题,深入分析了强高斯噪声背景下目标形心估计的统计性质及用于形心估计的图象预处理方法。指出经典的图象二值化变换分割后作形心估计的方法面临着估计偏差和方差的矛盾,提出了用自适应交互三模型(ATIMM)跟踪图象序列中机动目标的方法,同时发现在了解目标形状的条件下,空间匹配滤波,二值变换点集聚类和 ATIMM三者的结合对图象序列中的机动目标具有最好的跟踪性能。     

现代战斗机最优过失速和高速转弯机动

通过分析水平面内的最快转弯和最小半径转弯，研究了现代战斗机的最优过失速机动和高速机动。利用最优控制理论，讨论和分析了最优倾侧角控制和推力控制规律。典型示例飞机的数值仿真计算结果表明，最优高速转弯轨迹是Ｂ、Ｃ和Ｓ等各段子弧的相应组合，它与发动机推力、飞行高度、端点马赫数、过载和空气动力约束等相关；提高发动机推力亦可减小最优转弯时间。     

常增益变采样率自适应滤波

作者曾给出一种跟踪飞机机动的自适应滤波,采用直角坐标系中的9维状态量,利用最优检测统计量探测目标机动,并用估计到的机动加速度修正目标的预报值。 本文将在文献[1]的基础上,提出两种简化自适应滤波。其一,采用两套直角坐标系中的9维卡尔曼滤波,其中的一套滤波用于取代最优检测统计量,完成对目标机动的探测和估计的功能;其二,采用三通道解偶的常增益变采样率自适应滤波。     

导弹靶弹弹道机动变轨通用控制指令设计

导弹进行一定强度的机动飞行,就能够提高突防能力,因而,在军事训练中需要具有末端机动变轨能力的靶弹.针对靶弹机动变轨弹道的设计问题,提出变轨通用控制指令设计形式,利用此设计可使靶弹位移与过载指令控制信号协调配合,控制靶弹实现跃升机动、蛇行机动、摆式机动和螺旋机动等变轨形式.通过仿真证明,此设计的变轨弹道通用控制指令,可以满足靶弹跃升机动、蛇行机动、摆式机动和螺旋机动等各种变轨形式的弹道设计要求.     

Neighboring optimal guidance for aeroassisted orbital transfer

A neighboring optimal guidance scheme for a nonlinear dynamic system is devised with stochastic inputs and perfect measurements as applicable to fuel optimal control of an aeroassisted orbital transfer vehicle. For the deterministic nonlinear dynamic system describing the atmospheric maneuver, a nominal trajectory is determined. Then, taking modeling uncertainties into account, a linear, stochastic, neighboring optimal guidance scheme is devised. Assuming the additive character of the stochastic effects, the optimal trajectory is approximated as the sum of the deterministic nominal trajectory and the stochastic neighboring optimal solution. Numerical results are presented for a typical aeroassisted orbital transfer vehicle     

Robust optimization of aircraft weapon delivery trajectory using probability collectives and meta-modeling

 Conventional trajectory optimization techniques have been challenged by their inability to handle threats with irregular shapes and the tendency to be sensitive to control variations of aircraft. Aiming to overcome these difficulties, this paper presents an alternative approach for trajectory optimization, where the problem is formulated into a parametric optimization of the maneuver variables under a tactics template framework. To reduce the size of the problem, global sensitivity analysis (GSA) is performed to identify the less-influential maneuver variables. The probability collectives (PC) algorithm, which is well-suited to discrete and discontinuous optimization, is applied to solve the trajectory optimization problem. The robustness of the trajectory is assessed through multiple sampling around the chosen values of the maneuver variables. Meta-models based on radius basis function (RBF) are created for evaluations of the means and deviations of the problem objectives and constraints. To guarantee the approximation accuracy, the meta-models are adaptively updated during optimization. The proposed approach is demonstrated on a typical airground attack mission scenario. Results reveal that the proposed approach is capable of generating robust and optimal trajectories with both accuracy and efficiency.     

Optimal Aircraft Go?Around and Flare Maneuvers

This paper analyzes in detail two of the critical aircraft maneuvers associated with approach and landing: the go-around maneuver and the flare maneuver. Optimal solutions that include state and control variable constraints are obtained for both problems. Two algorithms are given for computation of the minimum and maximum altitude loss associated with the pilot-controlled go-around maneuver. A matrix operator is obtained that can be used for in-flight computation of the altitude loss on a small general-purpose digital computer. The flare optimization presented is for a cost functional that includes both the longitudinal touchdown dispersion and the normal acceleration. A closed-loop mechanization is given that approximates the optimal trajectory. A second matrix operator which can be used for prediction of the longitudinal touchdown point is obtained. Uncertainties are also obtained for the purpose of establishing a prediction confidence level. It is proposed that these prediction techniques should be incorporated into a decision making performance monitor. This monitor could provide the pilot with a continuous assessment of the approach and could generate a preflare decision on whether or not to commit the aircraft to the flare maneuver.     

Optimal motion planning for dual-spacecraft interferometry

We address the question of design and optimal control of a class of dual-spacecraft interferometric imaging formations. The first main contribution is that we combine two ideas introduced separately in the literature and propose a maneuver that offers improved imaging performance. We then formulate an optimal control problem to minimize fuel consumption and maximize image quality by minimizing the relative speed, which is proportional to the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the reconstructed image. We show that the necessary conditions are also sufficient and that the resulting optimal control is unique. Finally, we apply a continuation method to solve for the unique optimal trajectory.     

高性能战斗机机动动作优化控制研究

应用轨迹优化方法研究了高性能战斗机机动动作的最优控制问题。采用质点运动方程，以多层神经网络完成气动系数拟合，编写了基于最大值原理的优化程序，给出了优化结果，并据此对过失速机动的使用和控制进行了初步分析，结果表明，对特定的始末端状态，过失速机动能力能够缩短机动时间，但是进入过失速的深度与收音机推重比有关。     

变质心再入弹头螺旋机动突防弹道设计

为提高高超声速变质心再入弹头的突防能力,设计了一种基于主动螺旋机动的突防弹道。在建立变质心弹头动力学模型和弹目运动学模型的基础上,引入新的控制变量,通过控制质量块的偏移位置,将速度矢量和弹目连线的夹角控制在固定值并且使速度矢量绕弹目连线以一定转速旋转来实现螺旋机动。在实现螺旋机动的基础上,推导了弹体处于螺旋机动状态下的螺旋机动半径和稳态脱靶量均方根的解析解。六自由度弹道仿真表明,所设计的突防方案使再入弹头能够进行有效的螺旋机动,通过合理控制机动幅度大小,可以在实现螺旋机动突防的同时保证较高的命中精度。     

应用轨迹优化技术评估战斗机的功能敏捷性

应用三维轨迹优化方法 ,推导出最优操纵律完成 1 80°偏航机动。分析采用优化操纵策略对功能敏捷性的三种评估尺度 (战斗周期时间、动态速率转弯图和相对能量状态 )的影响。结果表明最优操纵策略可以最大限度地减少敏捷性评估尺度受飞行员操纵因素的影响 ,明显地改善战斗机的功能敏捷性