飞机起落架收放作动器的设计方案与仿真分析

为了适应飞机多电化发展需求,针对某小型飞机的起落架收放机构特点,设计了一种能源双余度、集成一体化、高比功率起落架液压作动器,提出了一种具有到位缓冲功能的单出杆对称液压缸的设计方案。基于AMESim建立了起落架液压收放器和收放机构的模型,并对起落架收放运动进行了仿真。仿真分析结果表明,所设计的能源双冗余液压系统、作动器到位缓冲结构,原理合理可行,为实际工程应用奠定了基础。     

CJ828主起落架收放机构设计与仿真

起落架系统是飞机的重要组成部分,其功能的好坏直接影响飞机的起飞和着陆性能以及飞行安全.在现代飞机起落架的各个工作部件中,收放机构在使用中发生失效的概率高达34.4％,开展起落架收放机构的研究具有极其重大的意义.根据CJ828的参数要求对主起落架的收放机构进行了优化设计,并对所设计的收放机构进行仿真计算,论证了所设计的收放机构的可行性,同时对我国未来干线飞机设计具有重要的参考价值.     

飞机起落架系统的造型,仿真与干涉分析

本文介绍了在设计飞机起落架的初期阶段，如何应用实体造型技术和机构仿真技术在微机上构造起落架系统的三维几何模型和运动模型，获得逼真的起落架系统的三维图象并实现准确的运动仿真；还提出了一套独特、方便、灵活的干涉定性、定量检测方法。全文以南飞公司某型飞机主起落架为例进行分析。     

飞机起落架全方位移动装配机器人设计与研究

起落架作为支撑飞机重量、吸收撞击能量的重要部件,在装配和试验过程中面临着装配空间狭小、装配精度高等特殊要求,急需研制一款具备可移动、多自由度调节功能的柔性装配平台。通过对起落架装配需求进行分析,设计出基于Mecanum轮的全方位移动和基于3–RPS的并联机构组成的6自由度装配机器人,详细介绍了装配机器人的结构组成、控制方法,对机器人运动学特性进行分析获得运动学模型,并进行运动学参数设置及精度分析。通过对起落架装配机器人精度测试以及实物装配,验证该机器人的功能和性能满足使用要求。     

弹性机体起落架的动态性能仿真分析

 通过建立弹性机体的等效模型,导出了系统的运动微分方程;并在ADAMS/Aircraft环境中建立了虚拟样机,仿真出具有弹性机体的飞机着陆时的动态响应。仿真结果显示出弹性机体能起到吸收和耗散能量的作用,吸收了缓冲器功量的6.5%,并可以适当减轻着陆时的侧滑过载。对考虑弹性机体起落架系统进行了研究分析,得出机体的低阶弹性模态起到提高飞机起落架缓冲器效率的作用。该设计方法能够减小轮胎和缓冲器的受载,延长起落架寿命。此外,对传统起落架缓冲器设计准则进行了完善。     

起落架数学模型及其在风场中的应用

分析了起落架地面运动特点,研究了出现横侧运动时起落架受力特点,建立了一种可用于风场且能反映起落架总体特性的起落架数学模型。数值仿真了风场中飞机的起飞、着陆、滑行、转弯等地面运动。数值仿真结果表明,该模型基本合理,可有效地模拟飞机在风场中的地面运动特点,该模型可在飞行模拟器开发中使用。     

某型飞机起落架装配机械手结构设计算法研究

针对某型飞机主起落架安装作业风险高、难度大、工艺方法落后的现状，提出一种起落架装配机械手结构设计算法，运用三维软件进行了该模型的建立和运动仿真，检验了算法的合理性，并给出了机械手具体设计指标要求，为后期进行实验研究提供了理论依据。     

基于虚拟样机的起落架收放系统仿真

通过建立某飞机起落架机构动力学模型和液压及控制系统模型,构建了完整的起落架收放系统的虚拟样机。基于虚拟样机,进行了起落架收放系统仿真分析,并与试验结果进行了对比。结果表明:仿真结果与试验结果基本一致,仿真模型可以用于起落架系统收放时间的模拟。     

基于DELMIA的飞机三维装配工艺设计与仿真

针对我国航空制造业当前装配工艺规划与设计的现状,开展了基于DELMIA进行飞机三维装配工艺设计与仿真方法的研究,对三维装配工艺设计与仿真的关键技术进行了重点分析,包括三维工艺组件划分、装配生产线布局规划、基于知识的装配工艺规划,以及装配仿真中的装配干涉检查、人机工效仿真,并通过某型飞机机翼装配对三维工艺设计与仿真进行了应用验证。     

基于并联构型的飞机装配调姿定位机构精度研究

针对飞机装配中机身壁板等组件调姿定位问题,本文首先提出了一种基于3-UPS并联构型的飞机装配调姿定位机构,该机构可以实现飞机组件装配的6自由度调姿与定位.同时,为提高飞机组件装配精度,分析了各运动副铰链间的误差间隙对飞机装配调姿定位机构姿态的影响,并据此建立了3-UPS并联机构的有效杆长模型.进一步地,基于并联机构位置正解得到了飞机装配调姿定位机构的定位精度模型.最后,通过MATLAB仿真分析了间隙的存在对机构运动精度的影响,为基于3-UPS并联机构在调姿定位中的控制补偿提供了理论基础.     

ν-gap度量及其在飞行控制律评估中的应用

 传统控制律评估方法主要用于单输入单输出（SISO）系统，且对模型参数摄动考虑不够全面,针对这些不足，研究了ν-gap度量方法。在介绍系统广义稳定裕度相关概念的基础上，给出了ν-gap度量的定义、特点和性质以及近似摄动模型的计算，提出ν-gap度量评估控制律的步骤。实例结果表明，该方法不仅克服了上述传统评估方法的缺陷，而且还有根据所求的各摄动影响情况忽略影响小的元素，以减少计算量及可以找到最坏情况下的参数摄动组合等优点。     

Integrated Entry Guidance for Reusable Launch Vehicle

A method for the implementation of integrated three-degree-of-freedom constrained entry guidance for reusable launch vehicle is presented. Given any feasible entry conditions, terminal area energy management interface conditions, and the reference trajectory generated onboard then, the method can generate a longitudinal guidance profile rapidly, featuring linear quadratic regular method and a proportional-integral-derivative tracking law with time-varying gains, which satisfies all the entry corridor constraints and meets the requirements with high precision. Afterwards, by utilizing special features of crossrange parameter, establishing bank-reversal corridor, and determining bank-reversals according to dynamically adjusted method, the algorithm enables the lateral entry guidance system to fly a wide range of missions and provides reliable and good performance in the presence of significant aerodynamic modeling uncertainty. Fast trajectory guidance profiles and simulations with a reusable launch vehicle model for various missions and aerodynamic uncertain-ties are presented to demonstrate the capacity and reliability of this method.     

基于飞机油箱模型形状特征油量测量切片步长选择方法研究

 在分析飞机数字式油量测量过程中目前广泛使用的切片法油量测量原理的基础上,针对现有的定步长切片法无法得到准确、可靠的燃油质量特性数据库的缺陷,结合对飞机油箱模型形状特征的分析,提出了基于飞机油箱模型形状特征的油量测量切片步长选择方法。此方法包括切片步长整体和局部选择两个过程,整体选择以实现相邻两切片平面所夹油箱模型体积近似相等为目的来确定切片步长,以体现油箱模型截面整体变化规律;局部选择以设计切片平面与截面突变平面重合或尽可能接近的方式,突出油箱截面的局部变化特征。实验结果表明：该切片步长选择方法较定步长方法能够建立更为合理、可靠的燃油质量特性数据库,从而提高了油量测量精度。     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

二维翼段颤振的μ控制

 采用超声电机作为作动器来实现含控制面的翼段颤振鲁棒抑制。针对作者设计的二维翼段颤振主动抑制系统，通过理论与实验相结合的方法，建立了考虑沉浮方向阻尼和作动器模型参数不确定性的控制系统模型，设计了μ控制器，并对控制器做了降阶处理。数值仿真和风洞试验表明，μ控制器可有效地抑制颤振的发生，将颤振临界速度提高23.4%。相对于H_∞控制器，μ控制器的控制效果和鲁棒性更好。     

航空发动机管路测量数据分割方法

 为了提高航空发动机管路测量数据的反求建模效率,提出了一种区域增长分割算法。该方法主要是利用管路表面在曲面索引系数映射、主曲率映射、高斯映射上的特性,并基于均值漂移算法和遗传算法提出了区域分割算法中种子区域的选择策略。然后利用区域增长分割方法实现了对管路测量数据的分割。经过仿真和实测数据验证,所提管路分割算法具有较好的分割质量和效率。     

Abnormal Shape Mould Winding

为解决网格化芯模的缠绕问题,本文提出了复合材料面片缠绕机理;接着详细分析了面片缠绕过程中的芯模凹曲面上纤维滑线和架空现象,应用微分几何曲面理论和空间几何理论,提出判据及其解决方案;最后,针对飞机发动机进气道的缠绕成型,编制缠绕控制程序并进行相应的实验,验证了面片缠绕方法的可行性。     

Interfacial Properties Modification of Carbon Fiber/ Polyarylacetylene Composites

This work was dedicated to performing surface oxidation and coating treatments on carbon fibers (CF) and investigating the changes of fiber surface properties after these treatments, including surface composition, relative volume of functional groups, and sur- face topography with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and atom force microscopy (AFM) technology. The results show that, after oxidation treatments, interfacial properties between CF and non-polar polyarylacetylene (PAA) resin are remarkably modified by removing weak surface layers and increasing fiber surface roughness. Coating treatment by high char phenolic resin solution after oxida- tion makes interface of CF/PAA composites to be upgraded and the interfacial properties further bettered.     

Thermal Stresses and Cracks During the Growth of Large-sized Sapphire with SAPMAC Method

本文利用有限元法对冷心放肩微量提拉法(SAPMAC)生长大尺寸蓝宝石单晶过程中的热应力进行了模拟计算,应用临界缺陷理论解释了裂纹的萌生与扩展机理。研究表明,晶体内的热应力主要与晶体生长速率,环境温度和结晶取向有关;较大热应力多出现在结晶界面,放肩、收尾以及直径急剧变化等位置;最大热应力总是出现在籽晶与新生晶体的界面附近。裂纹将在临界缺陷位置产生,并在应力作用下沿a或m面扩展。计算结果与实验结果基本吻合,通过晶体生长系统和生长工艺的改进,对晶体的开裂问题得到了有效的抑制。     

Optimization Design System for Composite Structures Based on Grid Technology

To solve the topology optimization of complicated multi-objective continuous/discrete design variables in aircmit structure design, a Parallel Pareto Genetic Algorithm （PPGA） is presented based on grid platform in this paper. In the algorithm, the commercial finite element analysis （FEA） software is integrated as the calculating tool for analyzing the objective functions and the filter of Pareto solution set based on weight information is introduced to deal with the relationships among all objectives. Grid technology is utilized in PPGA to realize the distributed computations and the user interface is developed to realize the job submission and job management locally/remotely. Taking the aero-elastic tailoring of a composite wing for optimization as an example, a set of Pareto solutions are obtained for the decision-maker. The numerical results show that the aileron reversal problem can be solved by adding the limited skin weight in this system. The algorithm can be used to solve complicated topology optimization for composite structures in engineering and the computation efficiency can be improved greatly by using the grid platform that aggregates numerous idle resources.