多电飞机配电系统TTP/C总线应用技术研究

C类时间触发协议(Time triggered protocol/class C,TTP/C)总线具有安全性高、实时性好和传输速度快的优点,本文提出将TTP/C总线应用于多电飞机配电系统中。首先分析了多电飞机分布式自动配电系统的结构,以及TTP/C总线架构和特点。然后提出了针对飞机配电系统的通讯网络,利用动态链接库分别实现C语言和LabVIEW语言环境下的通讯软件编程。接着给出,偏移地址选择方法决定数据来源走向,提出数据空间转换和格式转换方法提高通讯效率和可靠性。最后经过系统试验表明,该应用技术能够实现飞机配电系统中的TTP/C总线应用,满足系统通讯要求,提高多电飞机通讯系统的可靠性和通讯速度。     

Performance Analysis and Power Allocation for Cooperative SSK System with Receive Correlation in Rayleigh Fading Channel

In this paper,the performance analysis of cooperative space shift keying(SSK)system with dual-hop amplify and forward(AF)in receive-correlated Rayleigh channel is presented. By means of the performance analysis,a closed-form approximate expression of the average bit error rate(BER)is derived for the performance evaluation.With this expression,in a high signal-to-noise-ratio(SNR)region,a tight closed-form asymptotic BER of the system is also derived. It can simplify the calculation of average BER and provide effective evaluation for asymptotic performance. By minimizing this asymptotic BER expression,a suboptimum power allocation(PA) scheme is developed,and the closed-form PA coefficients are obtained. Simulation indicates that the suboptimal PA scheme outperforms the conventional equal PA scheme,and its performance is very close to that of the exhaustive search based optimal PA scheme but with low complexity. Moreover,the system performance under the spatially correlated channel is worse than that in spatially independent channel due to the effect of spatial correlation.     

Adaptive Energy Efficient Power Allocation Scheme for DAS with Multiple Receive Antennas

Energy efficiency(EE)of downlink distributed antenna system(DAS)with multiple receive antennas is investigated over composite Rayleigh fading channel that takes the path loss and lognormal shadow fading into account.Our aim is to maximize EE which is defined as the ratio of the transmission rate to the total consumed power under the constraints of the maximum transmit power of each remote antenna.According to the definition of EE,the optimized objective function is formulated with the help of Lagrangian method.By using the Karush-KuhnTucker(KKT)conditions and numerical calculation,considering both the static and dynamic circuit power consumptions,an adaptive energy efficient power allocation(PA)scheme is derived.This scheme is different from the conventional iterative PA schemes based on EE maximization since it can provide closed-form expression of PA coefficients.Moreover,it can obtain the EE performance close to the conventional iterative scheme and exhaustive search method while reducing the computation complexity greatly.Simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.     

多径干扰下一种双M-ary正交信道扩频通信系统的仿真

为了考察双M-ary正交信道扩频通信方式的抗多径干扰的能力,本文研究了在IQ正交信道上采用双M-ary扩频通信的系统方案;分析了其在多径干扰下的性能,并给出了理论分析和详尽的Simulink仿真.结果表明:该系统在白噪声信道情况下具有良好的性能,其高频带利用丰此时得到了体现,但是其受多径干扰的影响较大.因此在实际的使用中,必须加入纠检错模块来提高其抗多径干扰的能力.     

Performance of Cross-Layer Design with Power Allocation in Space-Time Coded MIMO Systems

A cross-layer design（CLD）scheme with combination of power allocation,adaptive modulation（AM）and automatic repeat request（ARQ）is presented for space-time coded MIMO system under imperfect feedback,and the corresponding system performance is investigated in a Rayleigh fading channel.Based on imperfect feedback information,a suboptimal power allocation（PA）scheme is derived to maximize the average spectral efficiency（SE）of the system.The scheme is based on a so-called compressed SNR criterion,and has a closed-form expression for positive power allocation,thus being computationally efficient.Moreover,it can improve SE of the presented CLD.Besides,due to better approximation,it obtains the performance close to the existing optimal approach which requires numerical search.Simulation results show that the proposed CLD with PA can achieve higher SE than the conventional CLD with equal power allocation scheme,and has almost the same performance as CLD with optimal PA.However,it has lower calculation complexity.     

Performance Analysis of AF Relaying Aided Space Shift Keying System with Imperfect Channel Estimation

Space shift keying (SSK) is a spectrally efficient and low-complexity technique that only uses antenna index to convey information.Combining SSK with cooperative communication,the transmission reliability of SSK system can be improved effectively.In this paper,considering imperfect channel information,the performance of cooperative SSK system with amplify-and-forward (AF) relaying protocol is investigated,and the effect of estimation error on the performance is analyzed.According to the performance analysis,the probability density function and moment generating function of effective signal-to-noise ratio are derived,respectively.Using these results,the closed-form expression of average bit error rate (BER) can be achieved.Meanwhile,the asymptotically approximated BER and the corresponding diversity order analysis are presented for the performance evaluation.By computer simulations,the validness of the presented theoretical analysis is verified,and the theoretical BERs with different estimation errors are shown to be close to those of the corresponding simulations.     

Warehouse Environment Parameter Monitoring System and Sensor Error Correction Model Based on PSO-BP

The warehouse environment parameter monitoring system is designed to avoid the networking and high cost of traditional monitoring system.A sensor error correction model which combines particle swarm optimization(PSO)with back propagation(BP)neural network algorithm is established to reduce nonlinear characteristics and improve test accuracy of the system.Simulation and experiments indicate that the PSO-BP neural network algorithm has advantages of fast convergence rate and high diagnostic accuracy.The monitoring system can provide higher measurement precision,lower power consume,stable network data communication and fault diagnoses function.The system has been applied to monitoring environment parameter of warehouse,special vehicles and ships,etc.     

约束Viterbi算法及其在编码的图像传输中的应用

Viterbi算法的解码计算的复杂度会随指数增长,在信道状况比较差的条件下解码效果不理想。为了克服这些缺陷,需要尽可能利用已知的信息约束条件和先验知识进行解码,以提高解码效果。本文通过直接加入约束比特的方法将约束维特比方法应用于普通卷积码。与一般的维特比算法相比,在信道状况较差的情况下,该方法通过调整参数可将图像峰值信噪比提高2—10dB左右。实验表明,对于用分层树的集划分算法编码的图像,该方法是一种有效的传输差错控制手段。     

一种构建天地一体化网络的航天器信息系统设计方法

随着航天技术的发展，天地间数据交互容量、实时性等需求不断凸显。传统航天器信息系统基于1553B总线或RS422，LVDS等硬线直连架构传输数据，传输速率最多只能达到1Mb/s或100 Mb/s，已无法满足大容量数据实时传输的需求。本文提出一种新的系统设计方法，将地面成熟的1 000 Mb/s/10 Gb/s以太网技术应用到航天器中，构建天地一体化通信网，在天地间无线链路传输总带宽允许的情况下，较大程度提高天地间数据传输速率，同时有效减少星上电缆网配套数量，进而减轻飞行器重量。本文所提方法正在国内某大型组合式航天器设计中应用，可为后续航天器数传设计提供参考。     

面向空间应用的大容量实时网络总线架构

针对未来空间综合电子系统总线网络发展需求，本文在介绍现有星载电子系统体系架构优缺点的基础上，提出了一种面向空间环境应用的高速高可靠实时网络总线架构。对网络协议架构、网络拓扑、工作原理及网络关键设备进行了详细介绍，该技术10 Gb/s的传输带宽、亚微秒时钟同步精度、多通道冗余传输机制能够满足未来空间环境应用需求，为未来空间电子系统网络架构研究提供借鉴。     

卫星遥感数据高频谱效率传输模型及效能分析

提出了遥感卫星高频谱效率数据传输模型，根据遥感卫星高速数据传输链路余量预留较大的特点，充分利用自由空间损耗变化和雨衰预留余量，在满足信道误码率要求条件下，通过信道估计以最大数据传输量为目标实时调整卫星编码调制方案，可较大程度解决目前遥感卫星高速数据传输遇到的硬件资源和频率资源瓶颈问题，适用于各类轨道遥感卫星的星地通信和星星通信，具有较好工程应用价值。通过对多类卫星数据传输场景的效能分析，表明其相对传统低频谱效率技术可明显提高数据传输量。     

临近空间飞行器控制器热设计与热分析

临近空间飞行器电子设备集成度高、体积小、功率大，导致发热量大大提高，而其又直接工作在恶劣的空间热环境，因此，空间大功率电子设备的热设计成为未来飞行器安全、高效飞行的关键因素之一。本文针对临近空间的热环境特点，结合控制单元的工作模式，采用冷板散热、热控涂层、低热阻途径以及提高换热效率等有效方法对电子设备进行热设计。在结构设计基础上，用商业软件ANSYS ICEM CFD进行前处理，用FLUENT进行模拟热仿真，并对结果进行分析后给出3种合理优化的设计方案。仿真结果表明，增加冷板边缘处面积、增大辐射散热和自然对流换热表面积的设计方案可以有效地将控制器温度控制在293.15~318.15 K高效可靠的工作温度之间。     

基于LDPC码的差分空时编码调制的联合优化

提出一种新的结合低密度校验码（LDPC）和差分空时调制（DSTM）的联合编码调制方案。该方案利用非正则LDPC码中不同度的信息节点具有不同纠错能力的特性,用一个分量码取代传统多级编码（MLC）方案中多个分量码,并通过特定的映射法则,使得系统可以同样逼近联合编码调制的信道容量,并具有更低的编译码复杂度。在分析和阐述了离散概率密度演化理论和多维线性空间极值问题的基础上,给出了适合于该方案的非正则LDPC码的搜索算法和搜索结果。同时仿真比较了不同星座和不同空时编码的选择对系统性能的影响。在准静态MIMO衰落信道下仿真结果表明．该方案能显著提高系统性能。     

利用格雷互补序列降低多载波CDMA信号的峰平比

多载波CDMA信号峰平比比较高，影响到功放的功率效率，这已经成为限制多载波CDMA技术应用的一个关键因素。本文分析表明，多载波CDMA信号的峰平比与编码序列频谱幅度特性有关，采用格雷互补序列(Golay complementary sequences))能有效降低信号的峰平比。数值分析和仿真结果表明，对于任意长度格雷互补序列的多载波信号，其峰平比上限为6dB，并且峰平比随序列长度的变化波动很小。而长度为15，31，63的m序列多栽波信号的峰平比分别为9．47，12和15．06dB，并随序列长度的增加而增加。格雷互补序列多载波信号的峰平比性能明显优于m序列。     

改善测试转台速率平稳性的鲁棒重复控制

提出一种鲁棒重复控制方法用来提高无刷直流电机驱动测试转台的速率平稳性.该方法以互补的方式综合了变结构控制律和重复控制律.变结构控制律可以有效地镇定系统,并抑制非周期性扰动和噪声等不确定性因素,同时保证了重复学习过程的收敛性;而重复控制律可以进一步消除稳态时存在的速率波动.本文讨论了一般的非线性系统模型.该模型可看作是无刷直流电机数学模型的扩展.Lyapunov直接法证明了闭环系统的全局稳定性和跟踪误差的渐近收敛性.仿真结果表明,该鲁棒重复控制方法明显地改善了测试转台速率系统的平稳性.     

Design of Power Amplifier for mm Wave 5G and Beyond

With targets of cost reduction per bit and high energy efficiency,5 G and beyond call for innovation in the mm Wave transmitter architecture and the power amplifier(PA)circuit. To illustrate these points,this paper firstly explains the benefits and design implications of the hybrid beamforming structure in terms of the mm Wave spectrum characteristics,energy efficiency,data rate,communication capacity,coverage and implementation technology choices. Then after reviewing the techniques to improve the power amplifier(PA)output power and efficiency,the design considerations and test results of 60 GHz and 90 GHz mm Wave PAs in bulk complementary metal oxide semiconductor(CMOS)process are shown.     

新型微型涡扇方案及其复合压缩转子初步设计

在分析国内外已有微型涡扇发动机方案可行性及利弊的基础上,提出一种紧凑型复合压缩系统微型涡扇发动机方案,可在保证结构简化与紧凑的前提下有效降低发动机耗油率。该方案风扇转子与斜流压气机转子构成串列叶片结构,通过对串列叶片独立作用机制和耦合作用机制的研究,认为合理设计串列叶片转子(全串列或半串列形式)能显著提高内涵压缩性能。通过对该方案的总体性能建模及参数分析,给出了一个设计实例的设计参数及性能参数,该实例中,耗油率比相同性能水平微型涡喷发动机约降低24.4%。对复合压缩系统转子进行了初步设计并进行流场数值模拟,得出转子系统内涵在设计流量下压比5.2,效率91%,外涵在设计流量下压比1.6,效率84%。结合对内外涵流场的分析,表明内外涵均可在较高效率下完成增压作用。     

基于方向调制的无线安全传输基本原理、关键技术与未来展望

方向调制(Directional modulation,DM)作为无线物理层安全传输的关键技术能够很好地提升系统的安全性能。然而,由于在角度测量过程中存在误差,因此需要在设计有用信号波束成形向量和人工噪声(Artificial noise,AN)投影矩阵时考虑角度误差,从而提升系统安全性能。本文首先描述了DM系统模型,然后介绍了到达角(Direction of arrival,DOA)估计技术、稳健波束成形设计的3种算法及功率分配技术。仿真表明:稳健波束成形合成方法的性能明显要优于非稳健合成方法,且有用信号和AN之间最优功率分配能明显提高安全速率性能。最后,对DM未来新的发展方向与所面临的挑战性等开放问题进行展望与总结。     

Scratch Detection Algorithm of Car Surface Based on Directional Color SUSAN Operator

The car surface scratch detection adopts the traditional manual detection with poor efficiency and high missing rate. Because of the gray mark and the background of car surface scratches,the traditional edge detection algorithm cannot meet the needs of car surface scratch detection. Therefore,the directional SUSAN algorithm based on CIELab color space is adopted in this paper. The direction template and the circle template to calculate the color difference of the color image are used in the algorithm which has been converted to the CIELab space. The edges and scratches are eliminated by matching and contrasting the detected image with the edge template. Experimental results show that the algorithm can effectively detect scratches on the surface of cars,improve the detection speed and reduce the undetected rate.     

分布式同步协同CAD/CAM系统的Web模型及实现

分布式协同设计与制造被认为是网络环境下数字化设计与制造的一个重要发展方向。本文从系统实施模式、体系结构和功能模块等方面讨论了构建分布式同步协同CAD／CAM系统的基本理论和方法，对涉及的会话通讯与数据传输、并发控制与一致性维护、远程环境下的协同感知及负载均衡等关键技术进行了研究。在现有超人2000系统的基础上实现了一跨平台协同CAD／CAM原型系统C—Superman的开发，并在广域网中进行了测试，响应速度快，运行良好，为面向21世纪的新一代制造技术的实现提供了新型的设计工具。