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《火箭推进》2017,(6)
为使冲压发动机性能最优并始终工作在安全状态,需要使其工作的喘振裕度最小且在喘振边界内。在喘振边界安装一种能够准确分辨超声速或亚声速流场状态的流场探测装置,控制进气道结尾激波位置。针对一维变截面流动控制方程,研究了流场探测装置的安装位置,以及激波越过流场探测装置后控制系统的减油规律。仿真研究结果表明,用试验数据修正理论仿真的方法可以准确地捕捉进气道结尾激波,同时根据某型冲压发动机的设计临界喘振裕度,确定了流场探测装置安装位置位于距进气道锥尖的距离;进气道沿程压力跟随发动机燃油流量的变化而变化,压力波传播时间相对于燃油调节时间可以忽略;由于进气道内激波前后运动存在明显的压力滞环现象,当激波越过喘振边界时,进气道出口压力会进一步上升,发动机喘振危险加大,应使用加速电磁阀快速减小燃油流量,控制激波回到安全区域。 相似文献
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对固体燃料超燃冲压发动机的应用背景、潜在优势,以及国内外研究现状和进展做了详细阐述。从固体燃料超燃冲压发动机工作原理、固体燃料类型、数值模拟以及实验研究等方面出发,论述了固体燃料超燃发动机研究的进展和难点,并对固体燃料超燃冲压发动机未来研究趋势进行了展望。研究认为:固体燃料在超声速流动下的热量分布与表面火焰传播等方面还需要深入研究,需建立不同固体燃料的受热行为模型;应用大涡模拟方法分析微尺度下流场结构并耦合固体燃料传热传质过程的可行性需进一步确认;考虑飞行参数,进气道与隔离段性能的发动机整体数值模拟工作需要进一步加强。 相似文献
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总结了自1965年以来固体火箭冲压发动机研制技术的总体发展特征和趋势,结合当前新一代战术导弹提出的大空域、宽Ma数和大机动性等越来越高的设计需求,从冲压发动机热力循环技术本质要求出发,分析了当前工程上普遍采用的固定几何进气道、固定几何喷管、燃烧室共用、无喷管助推器和变流量燃气发生器等5项主体设计技术固有的技术缺陷、不足和局限性,明确指出现行的折中设计思想是产生问题的根源,提出未来应遵循"开源节流"设计思想,优先突破喷管调节技术,积极开发进气道调节技术,努力提高现有燃气发生器变流量调节技术水平,切实完善固体火箭冲压发动机热力循环,以促其成功应用。 相似文献
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影响高超声速进气道起动能力的因素分析 总被引:27,自引:0,他引:27
对一系列不同收缩比、不同波系配置的内压缩通道二维流场进行了数值模拟。研究了面积收缩比、飞行高度和来流攻角对高超声速进气道起动性能的影响,提出了进口起动马赫数和来流起动马赫数的概念。研究表明,当进气道收缩比增大时,进气道的进口起动马赫数增大;来流起动马赫数由外压波系强度和进口起动马赫数决定,所以来流攻角变化改变外压波系强度,从而改变来流起动马赫数;随着飞行高度的增加,来流起动马赫数和进口起动马赫数增大,造成这一变化的原因是飞行高度不同,来流雷诺数不同,造成收缩段进口截面附面层厚度不同。 相似文献
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X-51A采用带两级压缩楔面的反折式进气道设计方案,这是一体化权衡设计的结果,要求进气道设计综合各方面因素进行多目标优化。从发动机设计角度出发对类似于X-51A的反折式二元进气道进行了研究,合理选择了进气道的设计变量并运用多目标粒子群优化算法(MOPSO)对带两级压缩楔面的反折式二元进气道按总压恢复系数、流量系数及出口马赫数三个目标函数进行了多目标优化设计,计算中性能指标参数评估基于Euler方程求解得到。通过优化计算得到了带两级压缩楔面的反折式进气道相关性能指标参数最优变化关系及结构方案,可为后续进气道与飞行器一体化权衡提供设计参考。 相似文献
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基于类咽式进气道的高超声速飞行器一体化设计 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
针对吸气式高超声速飞行器高空巡航飞行时净推力和升力不足的难题,探索了一种基于类咽式进气道的高超声速飞行器一体化设计方法。该方法耦合了具有高升阻比特性的乘波机体和气流压缩性能优异的三维内收缩进气道,获得了一种气动性能较优的高超声速飞行器一体化构型。在设计过程中,对一种咽式进气道的几何外形和激波系结构进行了适当改变,得到了能与楔形乘波前体进行一体化设计的类咽式进气道构型,并采用遗传算法对进气道参数进行了优化;以所得到的进气道和乘波体为基础对飞行器整体构型进行了飞行器内外流一体化设计。无黏计算所得流场与理论设计吻合良好,有黏计算结果表明该飞行器在马赫数7时最大升阻比达到3.4,具有良好的气动性能。 相似文献
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Systems analysis of a Mach 5 class hypersonic aircraft is performed. The aircraft can fly across the Pacific Ocean in 2 h. A multidisciplinary optimization program for aerodynamics, structure, propulsion, and trajectory is used in the analysis. The result of each element model is improved using higher accuracy analysis tools. The aerodynamic performance of the hypersonic aircraft is examined through hypersonic wind tunnel tests. A thermal management system based on the data of the wind tunnel tests is proposed. A pre-cooled turbojet engine is adopted as the propulsion system for the hypersonic aircraft. The engine can be operated continuously from take-off to Mach 5. This engine uses a pre-cooling cycle using cryogenic liquid hydrogen. The high temperature inlet air of hypersonic flight would be cooled by the same liquid hydrogen used as fuel. The engine is tested under sea level static conditions. The engine is installed on a flight test vehicle. Both liquid hydrogen fuel and gaseous hydrogen fuel are supplied to the engine from a tank and cylinders installed within the vehicle. The designed operation of major components of the engine is confirmed. A large amount of liquid hydrogen is supplied to the pre-cooler in order to make its performance sufficient for Mach 5 flight. Thus, fuel rich combustion is adopted at the afterburner. The experiments are carried out under the conditions that the engine is mounted upon an experimental airframe with both set up either horizontally or vertically. As a result, the operating procedure of the pre-cooled turbojet engine is demonstrated. 相似文献
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采用新型基准流场的高超声速内收缩进气道性能分析 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
通过改变中心体形状,设计了新型轴对称基准流场,可显著降低反射激波强度,明显提高压缩效率。基于该基准流场和传统基准流场,分别设计了两个圆形出口内收缩进气道,并对二者的流场及总体性能进行了数值研究。结果表明,新的进气道设计点和接力点肩点附近激波附面层相互作用减弱,流场结构优于传统进气道,压缩效率明显提高,同时进气道起动性能得到改善。 相似文献
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《中国航天(英文版)》2016,(1)
This paper focused on the fundamental and applied research of turbulent flows encountered in the hypersonic flight of aerospace vehicles,which take place in the boundary layer and mixing layer.As to the plate boundary layer,LES approach has been used to simulate the flows over compression corners and incident shock waves,revealing that turbulent flows would significantly inhibit the boundary layer separation caused by shock wave-boundary layer interaction(SWBLI).The boundary layer transition over a circular cone has been analyzed through stability analysis and wind-tunnel test,by which the angle-of-attack effect in case of small angle of attack has been studied.Non-linear evolution process and secondary instability structure in the supersonic mixing layer(Mc=0.5) were initially figured out through the study of mixing layer,and knowledge of the flow control mechanism of the boundary layer and mixing enhancement mechanism of the mixing layer has been obtained through this research.Artificial boundary-layer transition technique based on subharmonic resonance has been proposed and applied to the flow control in a scramjet inlet,inhibiting the flow separation of the boundary layer while improving the inlet performance.To guarantee the mixing of kerosene and supersonic airflow in the scramjet combustor,the mixing enhancement method based on subharmonic resonance has been adopted and a concept of combustor with smooth wall and low internal drag has been proposed for ignition and stable combustion.Finally,future turbulence research and technological development of aerospace vehicles is predicted. 相似文献
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弹性高超声速飞行器建模及精细姿态控制 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为保证超燃冲压发动机的良好进气,需要对高超声速飞行器进行精细姿态控制,但弹性振动问题极大影响其精细姿态控制精度。以高超声速飞行器的纵向通道为例,分析弹性振动问题对飞行控制系统的影响,建立面向控制的弹性高超声速飞行器数学模型,考虑气动参数和模态参数的大范围摄动,采用主动控制策略,基于鲁棒H∞理论和LQR理论设计精细姿态控制系统。大量仿真表明:在考虑测量噪声、舵机非线性、参数大范围摄动的情况下,控制系统能够很好地跟踪刚体攻角,抑制弹性攻角,并保证进气口当地攻角±0.4度的控制精度,满足高超声速飞行器精细姿态控制的要求。 相似文献