长征系列运载火箭发射人造卫星的情况简析

分析了现在报刊上有关长征系列运载火箭发射情况报道中存在的问题，给出了１９７０￣１９９８年长征系列运载火箭发射人造卫星情况的汇总表。     

长征系列运载火箭航天发射总次数突破两位数

长征系列火箭为中国航天运载火箭的统称。文章讨论了该系列火箭的组成和航天发射情况。     

长征系列运载火箭航天发射总次数突破两位数

长征系列火箭为中国航天运载火箭的统称。文章讨论了该系列火箭的组成和航天发射情况。     

长征三号甲系列运载火箭高适应性发展——从总体与导航制导控制的视角

从总体与导航制导控制的视角,对长征三号甲系列运载火箭发展与成就进行了分析和小结。长征三号甲系列运载火箭,在长征三号运载火箭解决我国发射高轨道卫星有无问题的基础上,历经基本能力、适应能力、高适应能力的发展,具备了高轨道大型卫星运载能力,突破了从单一轨道面到三维空间各种轨道发射、从高轨卫星转移轨道到工作轨道发射、从地球轨道到地月轨道发射以及从航天技术试验到高可靠工程应用发射等关键技术,使我国运载火箭整体能力取得了地球全轨道发射、星际轨道发射等跨越发展。航天重大工程和国际商业发射表明,该系列运载火箭已进入世界高轨道航天器发射的运载火箭前列,并奠定了进一步开拓发展的基础。     

走向国际卫星发射市场的中国运载火箭

本文概述了我国长征系列运载火箭的研制情况和取得的成就,比较系统地介绍了目前七种型号的研制目的、技术性能、有关数据、设计特点、研制过程、发射结果及目前研制进展和使用情况,可供航天科学研究设计人员及卫星、运载火箭、发射、测控工程技术人员参考。     

中型运载火箭的应用分析与发展前景

介绍了国际航天发射市场及运载火箭的应用情况，根据美国的航天发射层次、国际航天发射市场的发射价格、国外对发射市场的需求，详细地分析了我国“长征”系列中型载火箭的应用和发展前景。     

国外火箭发射及故障情况统计分析

正自1957年至2015年年底,全世界共研制出了10多个系列的上百种火箭,进行了5507次卫星发射,成功5046次,成功率为91.6%。其中,很多型号的火箭现已退役。随着运载火箭技术的不断提高,特别是上世纪90年代新型运载火箭的陆续登场,在火箭性能大幅提高的同时,发射成功率也有所增长。本文重点对1990年以后国外运载火箭的发射情况、火箭故障情况以及故障原因进行统计分析。     

苏联运载火箭的发展趋势

苏联在发射了第一颗人造地球卫星以后的25年中,一直依靠五种基本型运载火箭进行轨道发射。这五种运载火箭是: (1)警棍系列(A系列);(2)凉鞋火箭(B);(3)短剑火箭(C);(4)质子系列(D系列);(5)悬崖系列(F系列); 本文将对苏联运载火箭的未来发展趋势作一预测。当然,这种预测极难面面俱到,     

长征系列运载火箭介绍 : 长征二号系列(一)

长征系列运载火箭介绍长征二号系列（一）邸乃庸朱维增吴瑞华概述长征二号系列运载火箭是中国研制的近地轨道运载器，研制起始时间是１９７０年。目前，长征二号系列由长征二号（１９７４年首次发射）、长征二号Ｃ（１９８２年首次发射）、长征二号Ｅ（１９９０年首次发射...     

近几年中国的航天活动

本文分别概述了1988～1990年间的中国航天活动。1988年,中国用长征系列运载火箭成功地发射了4颗卫星——2颗国内实用通信广播卫星,一颗返回式遥感卫星和一颗试验型太阳同步轨道气象卫星。1989年,中国安排了多种运载火箭和卫星型号的研制任务。1990,中国计划用长征系列运载火箭发射5颗卫星,其中包括为国外提供的发射服务。     

中国空间技术成就斐然——纪念东方红1号卫星发射成功30周年

从1970年至1999年,中国已用长征系列运载火箭进行了68次航天发射,累计发射了84颗人造地球卫星(其中国产卫星52颗、国外卫星32颗)和1艘无人状态的试验飞船,发射成功率约85％。现今,中国对空间技术体系的认识已得到深化,中国的航天器进入太空技术已位居世界前列,中国的航天信息应用技术已取得显著效益。     

LM-11——The Main Force in China's Small Launch Vehicles for Commercial Launch

The Long March 11 launch vehicle(LM-11) is the only solid launch vehicle within China's new-generation launch vehicle series, enabling a full spectrum of Chinese launch vehicles. Compared with other China's LM series launch vehicles, it has the shortest launch preparation time. With the characteristics of appropriate launch capability, quick response, easy-to-use, flexible operation, universal interface and strong task adaptability, LM-11 can better meet the launch requirements for various small networking satellite, replacement and for emergency use. After four successful launches, LM-11 has become the main Chinese launch vehicle oriented to the international small satellite commercial launch market.     

The Reliable and Intelligent Propulsion Pressurization System of the Long March 7 Launch Vehicle

The reliable and intelligent propulsion pressurization system is one of the key technologies of new Chinese generation launch vehicles; a high reliability design is an important guarantee for the success of launching. This paper analyzes the domestic and overseas liquid launch vehicles in the area of propulsion pressurization systems, based on comprehensive analysis, demonstrating the reliable and intelligent propulsion pressurization system of the Long March 7(Simplified as LM-7) has been raised. By applying a full chain redundancy design, setting proper pressure control bandwidth and control mode reconstruction under extreme fault conditions, the reliability and adaptability of the propulsion pressurization system has enhanced significantly. In addition, the complete system has been verified by the first two flights of LM-7.     

Maiden Flight of Long March 7——The New Generation Medium Launch Vehicle in China

On June 25, 2016, the Long March 7(LM-7) launch vehicle completed its maiden flight successfully. LM-7, as a new generation of medium and basic launch vehicle based on the design concepts of non-toxic and nonpolluting, was developed for the purpose of launching a cargo spacecraft to the Chinese space station. Based on the experience on launching cargo spacecraft and satellites, LM-7 can be adapted for mainstream satellite launch missions in the future with its characteristics of serialization and continuous optimization. LM-7 is expected to be used to launch manned spacecraft in the future. This paper presents a general review of LM-7 with regard to the general scheme and provides references for the development prospects of a medium launch vehicle series in China.     

LM-11SL:A Sea-Launched Carrier Rocket for Small Satellites and Its Launch Service

Following the successful maiden flight of the Long March 11(LM-11) launch vehicle from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in September 2015, the first sea-launched carrier rocket dedicated to provide a launch service for small satellites and their constellations, the Long March 11 Sea Launch(LM-11 SL) has been under development by the China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology(CALT) and the China Great Wall Industry Corporation(CGWIC). It is planned to commence launch service in 2018. Based on the LM-11, a land-launched four-staged solid launch vehicle which has entered the market and accomplished launch missions for several small satellites in the past 3 years, the newly adopted sea launch technology enables transport and launch of LM-11 SL from maritime ships, providing flexible launch location selection.After inheriting the mature launch vehicle technologies from previous members of the Long March launch vehicle family and adopting a new way of launching from the sea, the LM-11 SL is capable of sending payloads into low Earth orbits with all altitudes and inclinations, from 200 km to 1000 km, from equatorial to sun synchronous, within a shortduration launch campaign. The LM-11 SL provides a flexible, reliable and economical launch service for the global small satellite industry.     

北斗专列—CZ 3A系列火箭发展回顾和未来展望

CZ-3A系列运载火箭承担了北斗工程，包括北斗一号、北斗二号和北斗三号的全部发射任务，被称为“北斗专列”。在北斗工程历时26年的研制过程中，CZ-3A系列火箭突破了一系列关键技术，使火箭具备了从地球同步转移轨道(GTO)到倾斜同步转移轨道(IGTO)、中圆转移轨道(MTO)，从一箭一星发射至转移轨道，到一箭双星发射至转移轨道，再到一箭双星直接发射入轨的发射能力，实现了跨越发展。满足了北斗工程的发射任务需求，北斗工程共计44箭、59星，CZ-3A系列火箭发射均获得了圆满成功，成功率达到了100%。     

北斗工程IGSO/MEO/GEO发射轨道设计

随着我国航天事业的蓬勃发展，运载火箭发射要求也呈现多样化。北斗卫星导航系统是我国自行研制的全球卫星导航系统，经历三步跨越式发展，目前已经全面建成。CZ-3A系列火箭承担了北斗工程全部发射任务，该工程对火箭倾斜同步转移轨道（IGTO）、中圆转移轨道（MTO）、地球同步转移轨道（GTO）新类型轨道要求。介绍了该类轨道特点，讨论了火箭发射方案、发射轨道设计及高空风双向补偿方法。实际飞行考核充分证明了发射轨道设计的正确性，设计方法确保了北斗工程全部发射任务取得圆满成功，为北斗工程顺利实施奠定了基础。     

Technical Feature Analysis of the LM-5 Overall Plan

The Long March 5(LM-5) launch vehicle is China's new generation heavy-lift rocket with the largest payload capacity,representing the highest standard of China's current launchers.It took 10 years to develop the LM-5 launch vehicle.On November 3,2016,the LM-5 carrier rocket blasted off from the Wenchang satellite launch center on Hainan Island,achieving a successful maiden flight.During the development of the LM-5 rocket,the engineering team accumulated abundant experience on developing heavy-lift cryogenic rockets and established a thorough research and development system for new generation launch vehicles,which significantly raised the ability for launcher RD.     

国外固体运载火箭主动力系统发展研究

统计了近10年来欧洲、日本、美国的固体运载火箭发射情况,系统分析了这些火箭使用的固体发动机性能参数,梳理了其发展脉络。这些国家和地区固体运载火箭主动力系统低成本的技术思路、模块化的发展方向、自动化的生产条件、完备的寿命评估体系,能够为我国运载火箭固体动力系统现阶段的使用、改进,以及未来的发展、规划提供参考和借鉴。