飞轮轴承润滑最佳油量的估算方法及实验验证

卫星姿控飞轮通常采用一对精密油润滑角接触球轴承进行旋转支撑.由于飞轮长寿命、高可靠、高精度要求和独特的空间环境,轴承采用微量油润滑.润滑油过多和不足都将导致飞轮轴承摩擦力矩增大和寿命降低,因此存在轴承润滑最佳油量.基于弹流润滑理论,提出了飞轮轴承润滑最佳油量的理论计算方法,并通过球-盘摩擦副进行实验验证.实验结果验证了飞轮轴承润滑最佳油量理论计算方法的有效性.     

高速球轴承保持架的振动

在考虑弹性流体动力润滑的基础上,提出了一个高速球轴承保持架振动响应模型,建立了保持架动力学方程.应用这个模型对某型航空发动机的主轴承保持架进行了仿真计算.计算结果的分析表明,保持架疲劳断裂的重要原因是高阶共振和过渡过程的冲击作用.      

气体浮环动静压混合轴承的特性分析

本文对气体浮环动静压混合轴承的静动态特性进行了研究,并给出计算其高速稳定性的简单方法。理论分析与实验结果表明:环面浅腔二次节流动静压混合型气体浮环轴承的高速稳定性是最佳的。     

消旋天线机构轴承摩擦力矩研究

叙述了在大气条件下,不同轴向载荷,转速,滚珠数和润滑剂对C7046112轴承摩擦力矩的影响。试验结果表明:轴承轴向载荷与摩擦力矩关系并非单调上升函数,而是一个具有极大值与极小值的周期函数,并对试验结果进行了讨论。文内对进行试验的DZS-1气浮加载轴承动态特性试验设备也进行了介绍。     

CMG中角接触球轴承在随机振动下的安全性分析

研究CMG中角接触球轴承在随机振动下的安全性。推导轴承在轴向力和径向力联合作用下的轴向刚度和径向刚度,建立轴承的等效线性弹簧模型,并利用ANSYS的谱分析迭代求取轴承在随机振动下的轴向力和径向力,将径向当量静载荷和轴向载荷分别与径向基本额度静载荷和极限轴向载荷比较,分析其安全性。以某种角接触球轴承为例,验证了其在给定输入功率谱密度下任意方向加载都安全。     

多孔聚酰亚胺含油轴承保持架的磨损机理研究

在实际运转过程中,空间含油轴承保持架在兜孔、引导面上均表现出不同程度的磨损发黑现象,认清其磨损机理对于指导含油材料设计、提升空间轴承性能至关重要.采用冷压热烧结的方法制备了多孔聚酰亚胺(PPI)材料,通过打磨处理改变PPI表面形态,继而研究了表面形态对其摩擦磨损及摩擦界面输供油性能的影响,并在此基础上提出了含油材料的磨损模型.结果表明,PPI材料的磨损发黑源于孔隙边缘的微区承载,在高压载荷作用下孔隙边缘会发生剪切变形、断裂,产生的摩擦热会诱发聚酰亚胺材料或润滑油的分解和碳化.含油保持架的磨损会对轴承持续运转产生影响,孔隙边缘发生的剪切变形以及产生的磨屑会封堵保持架表面孔隙,破坏摩擦界面输供油路径,导致摩擦系数的波动和磨损的持续变大,对轴承的运转稳定性和摩擦噪音产生潜在的负面影响.     

浅腔阶梯液体动静压混合轴承温度场分析

采用有限差分法对普通雷诺方程、能量方程及轴承体热传导方程进行联立求解，对浅腔阶梯动静压混合轴承的温度场进行了理论分析，进油孔处的温度利用热流连续条件求得并假设在各进油孔的温度沿膜厚方向不变化。通过采用帕坦卡方法，解决了因倒流而引起的迭代发散问题，研究结果表明，高速浅腔动脉压混合轴承的优化应考虑温升的影响。     

基于单片机的高精度波形信号直接生成方法研究

针对直接数字频率合成(DDS)技术不适于单片机直接实现的问题,提出了一种波形信号生成的整周期循环法。借助片内嵌有直接存储器存取控制器(DMA)和数模转换器(DAC)等外设的单片机,该方法可以在不引入DDS专用芯片的情况下直接生成预设波形信号,且在生成信号时完全不占用单片机的CPU时间。对生成波形信号的整周期循环法进行了理论分析,导出了生成信号的频率及最大相对频偏公式,给出了算法实现流程。采用STM32单片机对整周期循环法生成正弦信号进行了实验测试。实验表明生成信号的频率精度高,且波形稳定、质量好。     

各向同性等离子体中长柱状天线阻抗的测量和计算

本文对可与自由空间波长相比拟的长柱状天线在等离子体中的阻抗进行了实验测量,并与理论计算进行了对比。理论采用EMF方法。考虑到相对介电常数θ′是复数,从而公式中的正弦和余弦积分不是表列函数,需展开成级数直接代入复变量进行计算。对比结果表明,在等离子体频率附近天线阻抗的理论曲线与实验符合较好。这说明我们的计算方法和实验设备对某些空间等离子体探测或技术应用涉及的天线计算和模拟问题可能会有实际的意义。      

集成电液制动系统助力算法及其功能验证

针对传统真空助力制动系统无法直接应用于新能源车辆的问题,研究开发了一种集成电液制动(IEHB)系统,并形成样机。样机由中空电机、滚珠丝杠副、三腔主缸、人力缸及踏板行程模拟器等组成,集成制动助力、线控制动及再生制动等功能。设计了一种提高制动助力性能的滑模控制算法,并利用Lyapunov方程证明了该算法的稳定性。对本文算法及系统其他功能进行实车验证,结果表明:本文算法可以控制电机在三腔主缸内快速建立压力,并控制滚珠丝杠跟随踏板推杆一起运动,从而始终保持良好的脚感;系统可以实现线控及人力备份制动功能,且满足法规要求;踏板行程模拟器提供的脚感连续平滑。     

Scaling analysis and model estimation of solar corona index

A monthly average solar green coronal index time series for the period from January 1939 to December 2008 collected from NOAA (The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) has been analysed in this paper in perspective of scaling analysis and modelling. Smoothed and de-noising have been done using suitable mother wavelet as a pre-requisite. The Finite Variance Scaling Method (FVSM), Higuchi method, rescaled range (R/S) and a generalized method have been applied to calculate the scaling exponents and fractal dimensions of the time series. Autocorrelation function (ACF) is used to find autoregressive (AR) process and Partial autocorrelation function (PACF) has been used to get the order of AR model. Finally a best fit model has been proposed using Yule-Walker Method with supporting results of goodness of fit and wavelet spectrum. The results reveal an anti-persistent, Short Range Dependent (SRD), self-similar property with signatures of non-causality, non-stationarity and nonlinearity in the data series. The model shows the best fit to the data under observation.     

Stochastic particle acceleration by the forced interaction of relativistic current sheets

We address the problem of interacting relativistic current sheets in self-consistent kinetic plasma simulations within the framework of the Particle-In-Cell model. The interaction is enforced in head-on collisions of up to 10 current sheets at relativistic bulk speeds. The simulations are motivated by the general problem of Poynting flux dissipation in ‘striped wind’ configurations presumably governing the relativistic outflows pervasive in pulsar winds and gamma-ray bursts. We identify the generation of non-thermal particles and formation of a stable power-law shape in the particle energy distributions f(γ) dγ ∝ γ^−s dγ. In 1D, a spectral index s ∼ 2 is observed and attributed to a stochastic Fermi-type acceleration mechanism. In 2D, the generic index of s ∼ 3–4 is retained as in previous simulations of individual current sheets. Whereas in 2D the high energy cut-off is constrained by the limited dissipation of magnetic energy, in 1D the process converts the bulk motion of current sheets towards directed particle momentum of an exclusive class of non-thermal particles.     

Development of a gas chromatography compatible Sample Processing System (SPS) for the in-situ analysis of refractory organic matter in martian soil: preliminary results

In the frame of the 2009 Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) mission a new sample preparation system (SPS) compatible with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) has been developed for the in situ analysis of complex organic molecules in the Martian soil. The goal is to detect, if they exist, some of the key compounds that play an important role in life on Earth including carboxylic acids, amino acids and nucleobases.     

基于LuGre模型的电液加载系统摩擦补偿

为了提高电液加载系统控制精度,针对摩擦问题提出了基于LuGre摩擦模型的前馈补偿方法.建立了用于摩擦仿真分析和补偿器设计的电液加载系统数学模型;通过实验获取并分析了相关的摩擦数据;基于实验数据进行LuGre模型参数辨识,把LuGre模型和辨识结果引入电液加载系统数学模型,并进行仿真结果与实际摩擦数据的对照,证明了LuGre摩擦模型的准确性.设计前馈补偿器,进行了实验对比,实验结果表明前馈补偿器可将摩擦产生的控制误差有效地降至未补偿时的30%左右.      

Concept options for the aerial survey of Titan

Various aerial platforms intended for long endurance survey of the Titan surface are presented. A few novel concepts are introduced, including a heated methane balloon and a balloon with a tethered wind turbine. All the concept options are predicted to have lower scientific payload fractions than the Huygens probe. It is concluded that the selection of the best aerial platform option depends on more accurate mass estimates and a clear decision on whether, or not, in situ surface composition measurements are required in conjunction with aerial remote sensing.     

Heterogeneous solid/gas chemistry of organic compounds related to comets,meteorites, Titan,and Mars: Laboratory and in lower Earth orbit experiments

To understand the evolution of organic molecules involved in extraterrestrial environments and with exobiological implications, many experimental programs in the laboratory are devoted to photochemical studies in the gaseous phase as well as in the solid state. The validity of such studies and their applications to extraterrestrial environments can be questioned as long as experiments conducted in space conditions, with the full solar spectrum, especially in the short wavelength domain, have not been implemented. The experiments that are described here will be carried out on a FOTON capsule, using the BIOPAN facility, and on the International Space Station, using the EXPOSE facility. Vented and sealed exposition cells will be used, which will allow us to study the chemical evolution in the gaseous phase as well as heterogeneous processes, such as the degradation of solid compounds and the release of gaseous fragments.     

CoRoT and Kepler results: Solar-like oscillators

The space-borne observatories CoRoT (Convection Rotation and planetary Transits) and Kepler have provided photometric time series data of unprecedented precision for large numbers of stars. These data have revolutionized the fields of transiting exoplanets and asteroseismology. In this review some important asteroseismic results obtained using data from the CoRoT and Kepler space missions concerning stars that show solar-like oscillations are discussed. These results comprise, among others, measurements of the location of the base of the convection zone and helium second-ionization zone in main-sequence stars, the presence (or not) of core-helium burning in red-giant stars, as well as differential rotation in these stars.     

Return to Europa: Overview of the Jupiter Europa orbiter mission

Missions to explore Europa have been imagined ever since the Voyager mission first suggested that Europa was geologically very young. Subsequently, the Galileo spacecraft supplied fascinating new insights into this satellite of Jupiter. Now, an international team is proposing a return to the Jupiter system and Europa with the Europa Jupiter System Mission (EJSM). Currently, NASA and ESA are designing two orbiters that would explore the Jovian system and then each would settle into orbit around one of Jupiter’s icy satellites, Europa and Ganymede. In addition, the Japanese Aerospace eXploration Agency (JAXA) is considering a Jupiter magnetospheric orbiter and the Russian Space Agency is investigating a Europa lander.     

HELIO: The Heliophysics Integrated Observatory

Heliophysics is a new research field that explores the Sun–Solar System Connection; it requires the joint exploitation of solar, heliospheric, magnetospheric and ionospheric observations.     

Radioactivity of the Moon and planets

In this report the main results of the study of radioactivity of the solar sistem bodies are considered. The radioactivity of the Moon and planets was measured by means of vehicles in situ. The radioactivity of the lunar samples, brought to the Earth was studied with laboratory equipment.