论马克思恩格斯的悲剧冲突观

文章通过对比历史上相关的悲剧理论，阐述了马克思、恩格斯悲剧冲突的必然性理论的形成与完善，指出马克思恩格斯关于悲剧冲突的历史必然性理论是悲剧学史上关于悲剧冲突必然性观念的一次质的飞跃。     

以亚里斯多德的悲剧理论分析莎士比亚的悲剧作品

亚里斯多德对文学作品中的悲剧理论的阐述在文学的发展史上起着重要的作用。他的情节结构理论和悲剧理论的其他六部分，常被用来分析莎士比亚的作品。     

悲剧从天而降

四十年前，苏联的联盟号飞船发生了一起特大灾难性事故，三名航天员不幸惨死在凯旋归来的空中，成为继苏联的联盟一号和美国的阿波罗4A号飞船之后的又一幕航天悲剧。而对于这幕悲剧，人们或根本不了解，或了解得不如联盟一号那么详细。现在，让我们将多年来陆续公开的片断串联起来，一起回顾这幕比联盟一号更惨痛的悲剧，缅怀死于不归之路的英雄航天员。     

子君人生悲剧的主观原因分析

<伤逝>中的女主人公子君是鲁迅笔下中唯一的知识女性.她具有反抗精神,但她个人的力量之薄弱,是无法与当时严酷无比的社会现实相抗衡的,最终被旧制度所吞噬.她的悲剧除了深刻的社会根源之外,子君本身也存在着多方面的不成熟,她对个性解放的曲解、对婚姻生活的茫然、对涓生的过分依赖、对生存能力的放弃,是导致子君人生悲剧的主观原因.     

浅议伊坦·弗洛美悲剧命运的形成

本文从贫穷及个体孤独两方面探讨了美国现实主义作家伊迪丝·华顿如何利用自然环境为表现形式决定了<伊坦·弗洛美>中主人公的悲剧命运.     

浅议伊坦·弗洛美悲剧命运的形成

本文从贫穷及个体孤独两方面探讨了美国现实主义作家伊迪丝·华顿如何利用自然环境为表现形式决定了《伊坦·弗洛美》中主人公的悲剧命运。     

“挑战者”号发射悲剧

1986年1月28日,发生在美国佛罗里达州上空的“挑战者”号航天飞机灾难,是世界航天界永远难以忘怀的悲剧,7名航天员的牺牲让人们也似乎更加明白,航天这一充满高风险的职业在整个人类发展史有着特殊而伟大的意义。     

"宙斯盾"防空系统

对美国在波斯湾击落伊朗客机的悲剧,最近有关报告证明不是“宙斯盾”指挥和控制系统的责任.该报告指出“宙斯盾”系统仍然能出色地完成任务.     

对于深化劳动价值理论研究的初步思考

作为马克思主义政治经济学的理论基石,劳动价值理论也应与时俱进.我们从创造价值的活劳动、价值规律和剩余价值理论等几个方面对劳动价值理论的深化进行了探讨.     

脂砚斋对《红楼梦》主题的接受——评点派《红楼梦》主题接受史研究之三

脂砚斋等人是八十回<红楼梦>最早的接受者和评点者,他们的评点具有开创性、经典性.脂批者认为<红楼梦>主题思想主要体现在两个方面:一是写情;二是怨世骂时.<红楼梦>怨世骂时的主题蕴含在世态人情、红楼日常生活和各种悲剧的描写之中.曹雪芹笔大如椽、千手千眼,在"大旨谈情"的旗帜下,巧用"春秋笔法"的"狡猾之笔"怨世骂时,揭露和批判封建社会的黑暗与罪恶.脂批对<红楼梦>"怨世骂时"的主题做了精细的评点与深刻阐发,对<红楼梦>的传播与接受及红学的发展有着重要的意义和深远的影响.     

论贾谊的教育思想

贾谊是我国古代比较系统地提出教育思想的人之一。他的教学内容以儒家礼教为中心，以道德教育为目标，从而建构了他的教育思想的基本框架。他首倡胎教，他总结的一些经验和理论与现代的胎教思想不谋而合。他强调环境对教育的重大影响，认为良好的环境有利于提高品德，增长学识。在教与学这个矛盾中，他强调教师的积极主导作用，并明确指出了教师的职责和任务。     

对"自我"-男性世界的否定——以女权主义解读戴维·洛奇的《换位》

戴维洛奇是当代英国杰出的小说家兼评论家,因其特殊身份,其作品中涉及到了形形色色的文学理论.近十几年来,国内学术界对他的小说创作多有评论,但从女性主义角度解读的尚不多见.本文将从女权主义中"自我"和"他者"的观点评析戴维洛奇的<换位>.     

对“自我”—男性世界的否定——以女权主义解读戴维·洛奇的《换位》

戴维洛奇是当代英国杰出的小说家兼评论家,因其特殊身份,其作品中涉及到了形形色色的文学理论。近十几年来,国内学术界对他的小说创作多有评论,但从女性主义角度解读的尚不多见。本文将从女权主义中＂自我＂和＂他者＂的观点评析戴维洛奇的《换位》。     

An International Environmental Agreement for space debris mitigation among asymmetric nations

We investigate how ideas from the International Environmental Agreement (IEA) literature can be applied to the problem of space debris mitigation. Space debris pollution is similar to other international environmental problems in that there is a potential for a “tragedy of the commons” effect: individual nations bear all the cost of their mitigation measures but share only a fraction of the benefit. As a consequence, nations have a tendency to underinvest in mitigation. Coalitions of nations, brought together by IEAs, have the potential to lessen the tragedy of the commons effect by pooling the costs and benefits of mitigation. This work brings together two recent modeling advances: (i) a game theoretic model for studying the potential gains from IEA cooperation between nations with asymmetric costs and benefits, (ii) an orbital debris model that gives the societal cost that specific actions, such as failing to deorbit an inactive spacecraft, have on the environment. We combine these two models with empirical launch-share data for a “proof of concept” of an IEA for a single mitigation measure—deorbiting spacecraft at the end of operational lifetime. Simulations of empirically derived and theoretical launch distributions among nations suggest the possibility that voluntary coalitions can provide significant deorbiting gains relative to nations acting in the absence of an IEA agreement.     

从盖茨比中看菲茨杰拉德

弗兰西斯·司各特·菲茨杰拉德是现代美国著名作家,被称作爵士时代的代言人.他的多数作品描绘的是二十世纪二十年代美国年轻一代的期望、不满和失望.1925年出版的<了不起的盖茨比>是菲茨杰拉德写作生涯的顶点.书中主人公盖茨比从多个角度反映了作者的生活和精神历程,从而被认为是作者的缩影.     

Alexandre Ananoff (1910–1992): 30 years to promote astronautics before Sputnik

2012 marks the 20th anniversary of Alexandre Ananoff's death. Born in 1910 in Tbilisi, Georgia, the Russian–French space expert and enthusiast Alexandre Ananoff is known for being the organiser of the first International Astronautical Congress at La Sorbonne University, Paris, in September–October 1950, as well as being the author of the famous book L’Astronautique (1950) and for advising fellow author Hergé for his book adventures of Tintin on the Moon. The purpose of our paper is to present his complete works promoting space, from his first public presentations after discovering the works of Tsiolkovsky in the late 20s to his analysis of the first Sputnik launch in the popular French magazine Paris Match in 1957.A. Ananoff was a real ambassador for astronautics and a pioneer in space education for the general public—probably the first one in France. He built a unique collection of books and novels about space travel (donated before his death to the French Air and Space Museum of Paris-Le Bourget), wrote dozens of articles, gave numerous lectures and corresponded with most of the space pioneers around the world. However, he was criticised for being an autodidact and was very disappointed by the lack of consideration accorded him within his own country. During the 60s, he progressively stopped his space activities to turn his attention to becoming a specialist of 18th century French painters. He published his Memoirs of an Astronaut in 1978 and gave his last lecture at IAC in September 1979. He died in Paris on 25 December 1992, aged 82. His last wish was that his ashes could be sent on the Moon, an end accomplishment for all his efforts.     

多孔超高燃速推进剂的燃烧理论

概述了有关多孔透气性超高燃速推进剂的代表性燃烧理论,其包括对流燃烧理论、两相流燃烧理论和非均一燃烧理论,介绍了它们的基本观点和主要结果,指出了彼此间的差异。     

低背景红外辐射源校准技术

介绍了以低温绝对辐射计(Absolute Cryogenic Radiometer)作为标准探测器的低背景红外辐射源校准技术的原理、设备、关键技术以及校准结果不确定性的分析方法,同时阐述了该技术的先进性和重要性。     

Columbia and Challenger: organizational failure at NASA

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)—as the global leader in all areas of spaceflight and space science—is a unique organization in terms of size, mission, constraints, complexity and motivations. NASA's flagship endeavor—human spaceflight—is extremely risky and one of the most complicated tasks undertaken by man. It is well accepted that the tragic destruction of the Space Shuttle Challenger on 28 January 1986 was the result of organizational failure. The surprising disintegration of the Space Shuttle Columbia in February 2003—nearly 17 years to the day after Challenger—was a shocking reminder of how seemingly innocuous details play important roles in risky systems and organizations. NASA as an organization has changed considerably over the 42 years of its existence. If it is serious about minimizing failure and promoting its mission, perhaps the most intense period of organizational change lies in its immediate future. This paper outlines some of the critical features of NASA's organization and organizational change, namely path dependence and “normalization of deviance”. Subsequently, it reviews the rationale behind calling the Challenger tragedy an organizational failure. Finally, it argues that the recent Columbia accident displays characteristics of organizational failure and proposes recommendations for the future.