共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 125 毫秒
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月面巡视探测器地面试验方法与技术综述 总被引:7,自引:5,他引:2
“嫦娥三号”任务的圆满完成标志着我国已经突破了软着陆、巡视勘察、月夜生存等一系列深空探测关键技术。由于任务目标以及月面环境的复杂性,对巡视器的地面试验验证工作提出了很高的要求。在研制过程中,不但开展了常规航天器必做的试验项目,还开展了大量的专项试验,充分的地面试验对确保任务的成功发挥了重要作用。文章对“嫦娥三号”巡视器的地面验证需求、验证试验要求、验证试验实施情况进行了分析和总结,主要包括低重力模拟、月表地形地貌模拟、工程模拟月壤的制备与整备、光照环境模拟、月尘模拟等方面,对深空探测器试验方法与技术的发展方向提出了建议。 相似文献
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《航天器工程》2015,(5):14-22
针对月球探测器月面软着陆与巡视勘察任务特点,进行需求分析和细化,识别出月面探测任务过程中着陆器动力下降、巡视器释放分离、两器月面工作状态、月面区域地貌状态等成像观测任务的关键环节,兼顾设计约束,开展成像仪器系统设计。基于各个成像观测任务关键环节,结合月面状态、探测器姿态和光照条件之间的相互影响,从成像仪器视场遮挡情况、成像目标的阴影状态、视频的连贯性和数据传输的匹配性等方面,确定成像仪器配置及功能和性能参数。此成像观测任务设计已通过嫦娥三号探测器的在轨验证,为探测器状态的判断、分析及任务实施过程的评估提供了支撑,可为后续深空探测的成像观测任务设计提供参考。 相似文献
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月面数字地形构造方法研究 总被引:6,自引:1,他引:5
月面巡视探测器着陆区域的地形将对其产生重要的影响。文章对月面数字地形构造方法进行了研究。首先,对月面典型地形特征石块和撞击坑的分布规律和典型形状进行了分析。其次,说明了数字地形的生成流程。再次,先后利用两种方法确定石块和撞击坑的直径,在此基础上构建了数字地形。一种方法是根据巡视器的越障能力确定石块和撞击坑直径,该方法可在一定程度上满足巡视探测器移动性能试验需求;另一种方法是随机生成石块和撞击坑的直径,使生成的地形符合月面的实际情况,不仅可以应用于巡视探测器的移动性能试验,而且也可以应用于路径规划和着陆器着陆过程的模拟。 相似文献
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巡视探测器悬架机构综述 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
悬架机构是巡视探测器移动系统的重要组成部分,其性能直接影响着巡视探测器的通过性能、越障能力和稳定性等。文章分析了目前应用于巡视探测器的各种悬架,分别为杠杆导向的扭力式独立悬架、摇臂转向架悬架、五轮五点接触悬吊式悬架、平行架一叉形架悬架、三体柔性悬架、ExoMars巡视探测器悬架系列(RCL-C、RCL-E、CRAB和Double Spring)、正反四边形悬架等。在分析的基础上总结了巡视探测器悬架机构的发展趋势,同时为我国月面巡视探测器移动部分悬架机构的选择提出了建议。 相似文献
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Ellery A Ball AJ Cockell C Dickensheets D Edwards H Kolb C Lammer H Patel M Richter L 《Acta Astronautica》2005,56(3):397-407
We present a new European Mars mission proposal to build on the UK-led Beagle2 Mars mission and continue its astrobiology-focussed investigation of Mars. The small surface element to be delivered to the Martian surface--Vanguard--is designed to be carried by a Mars Express-type spacecraft bus to Mars and adopts a similar entry, descent and landing system as Beagle2. The surface element comprises a triad of robotic devices--a lander, a micro-rover of the Sojourner class for surface mobility, and three ground-penetrating moles mounted onto the rover for sub-surface penetration to 5 m depth. The major onboard instruments on the rover include a Raman spectrometer/imager, a laser plasma spectrometer, an infrared spectrometer--these laser instruments provide the basis for in situ "remote" sensing of the sub-surface Martian environment within a powerful scientific package. The moles carry the instruments' sensor head array to the sub-surface. The moles are thus required to undergo a one-way trip down the boreholes without the need for recovery of moles or samples, eliminating much of the robotic complexity invoked by such operations. 相似文献
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勇气号和机遇号火星车定位方法评述 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
评述了应用于勇气号和机遇号火星车的无线电测控定位、航迹推算、太阳图像确定方位角、视觉测程、光束法平差定位、地面影像与高分辨率卫星影像对比等多种定位方法,分析了其精度、适用范围、进一步发展的潜力等,对中国探月二期工程以及以后的火星探测工程中的探测车定位具南谙餐作昂: 相似文献
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为实现月面巡视器GNC系统的闭环测试,研究了六轮摇臂式巡视器在月表崎岖地形、松软土壤和低重力环境下的动力学建模与控制问题。基于弹塑性轮—土力学和粘弹性运动副约束分析,建立了巡视器的牛顿—欧拉动力学模型。以跟踪期望速度、角速度为目标,采用速度协调控制和车轮滑移控制,完成了巡视器闭环牵引控制。在实时操作系统下实现了巡视器动力学模型和牵引控制系统,并建立了三维可视化平台,对该动力学模型和牵引控制方法进行验证。测试结果证实了建立的动力学模型准确、稳定,可以真实地模拟巡视器在月球表面的运动行为和轮—土作用关系,且满足运动副的约束;所设计的牵引控制方法可以较准确地实现巡视器跟踪期望的运动。 相似文献
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Titan is a very interesting target in deep space exploration. With its solid surface on which a rover can easily travel and its methane lakes which can be sailed it is the ideal target for a deep space mission which includes a mobile platform. In the present paper the general layout of a rover for a mission to Titan is studied, dealing with the mobility, power generation and trajectory control issues. A four-wheels configuration with slip steering was chosen; to compare this solution with the more conventional strategy based on steering wheels, simulations were performed on some trajectories computed through the well known ‘potential’ method, using both slip steering and conventional steering control, for different vehicle speeds. The comparison between the simulated trajectories allows to state the adequateness of the proposed approach.The results here obtained apply not only to a future mission to Titan, but also to other missions designed for the exploration of the satellites of the outer planets having a size comparable with that of Titan and the largest Kuiper belt objects like Pluto and 136472 Makemake. 相似文献
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《中国航天(英文版)》2019,(2)
The far side of the moon is a unique place for some scientific investigations. Chang'e 4 is a Chinese lunar far side landing exploration mission. Relay communication satellite, named as Queqiao, is an important and innovative part of Chang'e 4 mission. It can provide relay communication to the lander and the rover operating on the lunar far side to maintain their contacts with Earth. It was launched by LM-4 C launch vehicle at the Xichang Satellite Launch Center on May 21, 2018. After five precise orbit controls and a journey of more than 20 days, Queqiao inserted into final halo mission orbit around Earth-moon libration point 2, located about 65,000 km beyond the moon. It is the world's first communication satellite operating in that orbit. Up to now, Queqiao worked very well and provided reliable, continuous communication relay service for the lander and the rover to ensure the mission success of Chang'e 4 exploration mission. Via Queqiao, the lander and the rover were controlled to work by ground stations and obtained a great amount of scientific data. The mission overview, operation orbit selection, relay communication system design and flight profile were introduced in this article. 相似文献