Euler方程与边界层积分方程耦合求解跨音速翼型绕流

 应用Euler方程求解跨音速翼型特性时考虑了粘性影响,粘性影响是通过边界层动量和能量积分方程求解的,即粘流/无粘流迭代方法。其中Euler方程采用LU-ADI方法求解;边界层方程均由正解法过渡到反解法,以解决强激波干扰区出现小分离泡的计算问题。计算中使用了贴体C网格,通过一定变换使其保持基本正交。计算结果表明,压力分布、摩阻系数分布与实验结果符合较好。     

低雷诺数翼型和跨声速翼型边界层计算

本文利用边界层动量积分方程和平均流动能积分方程兼容计算了翼面的层流和湍流边界层流动。文中采用一种e~9型转捩判别公式预测翼面存在层流分离气泡情况的转捩位置。并引入对剪应力系数C_r的滞后方程以体现湍流中雷诺应力的历程效应。为避免在翼面流动分离时边界层方程的奇异,采用反解法计算。算例表明,计算与测量结果吻合良好。     

跨声速翼型绕流计算边界层反方法的研究

本文用有限差分方法,通过有粘/无粘迭代计算了二元翼型的跨声速绕流问题。在边界层粘性区域内考虑了层流、转捩及湍流流动,当边界层内出现分离时,使用边界层反方法,采用代数湍流模型。算例表明,对激波/边界层弱干扰和强干扰情况,该方法的结果与风洞实验结果吻合良好,对于求解边界层小分离流场是一种好的近似方法。     

跨音速翼型分离绕流的粘性/无粘干扰迭代计算

本文用有粘/无粘干扰迭代的概念计算了跨音速任意翼型的绕流问题。位流的速位方程用AF2格式求解,而边界层微分方程用C-S盒式法求解,逆算法的引用可以克服边界层方程在分离点处的奇性问题,对分离区湍流代数模型的修正可以得到与实验更吻合的结果。计算结果表明有粘/无粘干扰迭代概念在小分离泡的情况下也是适用的。     

三维坑湍流分离流动的粘流／无粘流干扰计算

本文对坑的三维分离流动做了低速粘流与无粘流的相互作用计算。对三维边界层反方法进行了分析和讨论。用数值试验的方法验证了在H和α作为已知量的情况下,三维边界层反方法的积分方程是双曲型的,并提出了一种近似数值特征线法进行求解。无粘流采用低速位流面元法。计算表明所用方法可计算出三维效应很强(即横向变化很大)的三维边界层分离流动。     

跨声速翼型有粘／无粘强干扰计算

本文介绍一种二元跨声速激波-边界层强干扰的计算方法。边界层计算采用湍流边界层积分反方法,它借助Whitfield和Swafford提供的既适合附着流,也适合分离流的速度剖面表达式。跨声速无粘流用全速势方程模拟。通过边界上排溢速度来考虑粘性的影响,用有粘/无粘迭代得到粘性流解。本方法计算的结果与其它方法以及实验的结果进行了比较,证明该方法可以在工程上推广使用。     

低速大迎角三角翼旋涡流动的有粘与无粘数值模拟

通过人工压缩性方法求解了三维定常不可压Euler方程和雷诺平均Nayierstokes方程，应用Beam－Warming近似因子分解格式及其对角化形式，采用BaldwinLomax代数湍流模型。计算模型为70°三角翼，分析了有粘与无粘流动旋涡特性的影响，尤其是对Euler方程模拟大迎角分离涡、涡破裂的能力及其局限性提供了数值验证，计算结果与实验结果相一致。     

三维机翼可压缩层湍流边界层计算

 从三维时间相依可压缩边界层动量积分方程和平均流动能积分方程出发,将二维可压缩层、湍流边界层积分方程算法推广到求解有限翼展后掠机翼的边界层流动。利用四步Runge-Kutta时间步进方案数值求解积分方程组,并利用当地时间步长加速迭代收敛。文中分析了数值方法的稳定性与收敛性,并考查了横向耗散项对计算结果的影响。算例表明,能获得令人满意的三维机翼定常可压缩层、湍流边界层的计算结果。     

纳秒等离子体激励控制翼型流动分离机理研究

为研究纳秒介质阻挡放电(NSDBD)等离子体控制翼型流动分离的物理机理,采用已建立的NSDBD唯象学模型耦合非定常Navier-Stokes方程模拟纳秒等离子体对流场的作用。使用非定常雷诺平均NavierStokes方程(URANS)和大涡模拟(LES)两种求解方法,研究纳秒等离子体激励对NACA0015翼型流动分离控制。结果表明:NSDBD等离子体激励促使边界层提前转捩,转捩对控制流动分离起重要作用;NSDBD激励开始时在翼型前缘形成展向涡,展向涡促使分离剪切层失稳并最终进入尾迹,展向涡贴近壁面运动,将外区的高能气流带入近壁区,使上翼面流场结构发生变化,然后翼型前缘流动提前转捩促使流动经过一个小层流分离泡后发生湍流再附,最终在上翼面形成稳定的附着流动。     

隐式紧耦合SST和TNT湍流模型的高速流动数值模拟

将SST(shear stress transport)和TNT(turbulent/non-turbulent)湍流模型输运方程与平均流场控制方程进行隐式紧耦合求解,结合当地时间步长方法和湍流源项隐式处理确保求解过程的快速和稳定.采用AUSMPW+(AUSM by pressure-based weight functions)格式和LU-SGS(lower-upper symmetric Gauss-Seidel)隐式紧耦合方法对高超声速压缩拐角流动、锥柱裙流动和超声速非对称激波/边界层干扰问题进行了数值模拟.计算结果与实验值的对比表明:SST模型和TNT湍流模型可以很好地预测15°压缩拐角流动的壁面压力和热流密度;随着压缩拐角的增大,计算结果与实验值偏差增大;可压缩性修正对压缩拐角流动的压力和热流密度分布有很大影响,对超声速非对称激波/边界层干扰流动影响很小;隐式紧耦合方法比显式紧耦合方法具有更好的收敛特性.      

Wing aeroelasticity analysis based on an integral boundary-layer method coupled with Euler solver

An interactive boundary-layer method, which solves the unsteady flow, is developed for aeroelastic computation in the time domain. The coupled method combines the Euler solver with the integral boundary-layer solver(Euler/BL) in a ‘‘semi-inverse" manner to compute flows with the inviscid and viscous interaction. Unsteady boundary conditions on moving surfaces are taken into account by utilizing the approximate small-perturbation method without moving the computational grids. The steady and unsteady flow calculations for the LANN wing are presented. The wing tip displacement of high Reynolds number aero-structural dynamics(HIRENASD) Project is simulated under different angles of attack. The flutter-boundary predictions for the AGARD445.6 wing are provided. The results of the interactive boundary-layer method are compared with those of the Euler method and experimental data. The study shows that viscous effects are significant for these cases and the further data analysis confirms the validity and practicability of the coupled method.     

修正曲率及雷诺正应力对分离流的影响

应用Ｓｔｒａｗｎ＆．Ｋｌｉｎｅ的准同时粘性／无粘流匹配模型，于动量积分布方程中加入了曲率和雷诺正应力两个二阶修正项，计算了二维不可压湍流附面层分离流地。文中首先分析推导了新的曲率修正公式，给出了两个算例，比较了修正项对计算结果的影响，并与实验做了对比。     

高马赫数下激波湍流边界层干扰数值研究

应用GAO—YONG可压缩湍流方程组数值模拟了入射斜激波／平板湍流边界层相互干扰现象,计算了来流马赫数为5．0,激波入射角度分别为15．876°、23．287°两种不同激波干扰强度下的流场。计算程序中的对流项、扩散项分别采用二阶ROE格式和二阶中心差分格式离散,并用多步Runge—Kutta显式时间推进法求解空间离散后的控制方程。计算较好地模拟了高马赫数下的激波／湍流边界层干扰的流场结构,位移边界层厚度,动量损失厚度等,也比较准确地预测了平板壁面压力、摩阻系数等气动力参数的分布。     

A Structured Mesh Euler and Interactive Boundary Layer Method for Wing/Body Configurations

To compute transonic flows over a complex 3D aircraft configuration, a viscous/inviscid interaction method is developed by coupling an integral boundary-layer solver with an Eluer solver in a ＂semi-inverse＂ manner. For the turbulent boundary-layer, an integral method using Green＇s lag equation is coupled with the outer inviscid flow. A blowing velocity approach is used to simulate the displacement effects of the boundary layer. To predict the aerodynamic drag, it is developed a numerical technique called far-field method that is based on the momentum theorem, in which the total drag is divided into three component drags, i.e. viscous, induced and wave-formed. Consequently, it can provide more physical insight into the drag sources than the often-used surface integral technique. The drag decomposition can be achieved with help of the second law of thermodynamics, which implies that entropy increases and total pressure decreases only across shock wave along a streamline of an inviscid non-isentropic flow. This method has been applied to the DLR-F4 wing/body configuration showing results in good agreement with the wind tunnel data.     

求解可压缩流动的同位网格SIMPLE方法研究

在Rhie-Chou动量插值的基础上,推导了同位网格可压缩SIMPLE算法.经过无粘流超音速凸包算例和激波/湍流边界层干扰算例计算发现,如果对流项采用高阶有界HLPA格式,密度插值采用一阶迎风和中心差分的混合格式,这种算法能够很好地模拟凸包超音流的流动现象,在采用了新型GAO-YONG湍流模型后也能够较好地模拟激波/湍流边界层干扰.      

跨音速压气机动静叶排相干的三维非定常流动数值分析

采用时空二阶精度ＮＮＤ显式差分格式求解三维Ｅｕｌｅｒ方程，对跨音速压气机级中动静叶排相干形成的非定常流动进行了数值分析。除动静叶排流动的控制方程体系、数值方法外，着重讨论了动静叶排计算域、网格以及边界条件的处理。对某压气机第１级动静叶排相干的非定常流场的计算，给出了叶片表面的马赫数分布、压力波动幅值，以及叶片槽道中瞬态密度等值线等，并分析了结果的合理性。     

Experimental study on the PRE-X vehicle focusing on the transitional shock-wave/boundary-layer interactions

This article is devoted to the experimental works carried out in the R2Ch blow-down wind tunnel in the framework of the atmospheric re-entry PRE-X demonstrator program and to the fundamental studies performed on a hollow cylinder-flare relative to crucial problem of the transitional shock-wave/boundary-layer interaction.Shock-wave/boundary-layer interactions in hypersonic flows may have major consequences on thermal loads, especially if the shock is strong enough to induce separation. The heat-flux density levels in the interaction region strongly depend on the nature, laminar or turbulent of the boundary-layer. Special attention should be paid to transitional interactions, which are likely to exist at altitude where the Mach number is high and the density low.The wide Reynolds number range achievable in the R2Ch facility and reliable heat-flux measurements by infrared thermography have allowed to investigate the viscous interaction on the deflected flaps of the demonstrator model and to point out the laminar-to-turbulent boundary-layer natural and forced transition, in the light of the in-depth analysis of results obtained from the hollow cylinder-flare study.