某直升机中部减速器弧齿锥齿轮强度故障分析

本文从弧齿锥齿轮加工原理出发,计算了某型直升机弧齿锥齿轮齿面坐标,进行了轮齿加载接触分析。在此基础上,用有限元应力分析方法比较全面地对该齿轮进行了承载能力分析,计算了齿面接触应力分布,分别计算了破坏件和长试件,在R1.0和R1.1(刀具)两种齿根园弧半径下的齿根弯曲应力分布,工作转速下的振动应力及在可能转速下的一节径、二节径和一节园的共振应力。并对计算结果、接触磨痕、裂纹以及破坏原因进行了分析和探讨,给出了发生破坏的原因。     

TA15钛合金薄板等离子弧对接焊缝疲劳特性研究

为了探索钛合金等离子弧焊接头的疲劳性能,本文依据TA15标准试件和轧制板材试件疲劳试验数据处理结果,采用当量应力集中系数法,在TA15薄板等离子弧焊和对接焊缝磨削组合工艺试件的疲劳试验基础上,确定了中值当量应力集中系数和安全当量应力集中系数,最后建立了该TA15薄板的S-N曲线,给出了应用结论。     

基于混合推理的超硬磨料砂轮电火花修整数据库系统研究

根据金属结合剂CBN成型砂轮电火花修整实验结果和电火花修整用电规则,详细讨论了电火花放电参数对修整效果的影响。在此基础上提出基于实例和规则推理的方法优化放电参数,并对粗、精修整优化的放电参数进行了实验验证,实验结果表明优化后的放电参数具有较好的修整效果。利用SQL Sever 2005和Visual Basic6.0开发了电火花修整超硬磨料砂轮数据库系统,通过该数据库系统可快速查询电火花修整金属结合剂CBN成型砂轮实例,并能实现对实例进行放电参数优化的功能。     

活性剂和焊接参数对A-PAW焊焊缝形状的影响

通过利用单一成分的活性剂对不锈钢SUS304进行焊接,研究了它们对焊缝形状的影响,并针对Cr2O3活性剂分别研究了焊接参数(焊接电流、焊接速度和弧长)对A-PAW焊焊缝深宽比的影响.试验结果表明,活性剂对焊缝形状有很大影响,在所选择的8种活性剂中,以Cr2O3的影响最为显著.涂敷活性剂的试件,随着焊接电流、焊接速度和弧长的增加,焊缝的深宽比与无活性剂时相比有明显的增加.     

金属基圆弧成形砂轮的电火花修整

根据电火花修整的需要,研制了电火花修整脉冲电源。根据圆弧成形砂轮的修整需要,研制了摆动电极式电火花修整装置。通过电火花修整试验研究了修整过程中的极性效应以及不同电参数对修整效率和整形精度的影响。     

用金刚石滚轮修整磨轮及其对磨轮的磨削性能的影响

引言 在磨削过程中对磨轮进行修整的目的有二:一是恢复磨轮的切削性能;二是使磨轮重新获得准确的型面。通常采用的修整工具有钢质滚轮修整器和金刚石修整器两大类。金刚石修整器又可分为直线移动式和旋转式两种,本文只论述后一种。     

航空面齿轮磨削碟形砂轮修整方法及误差分析

根据面齿轮专用磨齿机的机械结构,提出了偏置曲线修整方法,设计了砂轮修整装置,并运用VERICUT软件进行修整加工仿真.推导了含各类修整误差情况下面齿轮的齿面方程表达式,并运用MATLAB软件生成了齿面误差云图,为修整过程的误差补偿提供了理论参考.最后进行了磨削及检测试验,将检测结果与误差云图对比,分析可能产生这种误差的原因,并在修整过程中进行误差补偿,使齿面最大法向误差值减少了31.14%,面齿轮齿形精度得到了提高.      

人造金刚石滚轮

我们针对助力器阀类零件外环槽加工的关键进行了工艺分析,提出了环槽强力成型磨削新工艺的设想。经过两年多的努力,初步实现了这项新工艺(见图1)。要实现所选定的典型零件(见图2)环槽成型磨削工艺,就必须综合考虑砂轮的成型修整、宽砂轮磨削、高速磨削、强力磨削以及与这些工艺特点相匹配的砂轮和冷却液的合理选用。现就我们对成型砂轮的修整,作一简要汇报。一、几种成型修整方法的考虑 1.单粒金刚石修整在通常的情况下,砂轮的成型修整是靠单     

圆弧形榫连结构低周疲劳试验设计与寿命预测

为了研究大涵道比涡轮风扇发动机宽弦风扇叶片中采用的圆弧形燕尾榫连结构的低循环疲劳寿命,设计了1种双榫头的低循环疲劳试件及夹具,该试件具有可以避免试件上打孔、所受载荷单一、节省试验时间等优点。利用通用软件ANSYS对试件及夹具进行了3维接触应力分析,得到了试件及夹具上的应力分布规律,证明了该试件设计的可行性与合理性。考虑多轴应力对寿命的影响,对试件进行了弹塑性分析,用4种方法预测了试件的疲劳寿命并与初步的试验结果进行了比较,给出了4种预测方法的相对误差。结果表明:Neuber法和等效应变法应用较方便且预测结果均在可接受范围内。     

精密磨削中修整金刚石磨轮的新技术——双电极接触放电修整

本文介绍了一项修整金属结合剂金刚石磨轮的新技术——双电极接触放电修整。论述了修整原理、工艺、效率、质量评价以及应用实例。     

Development of a new high-shear and low-pressure grinding wheel and its grinding characteristics for Inconel718 alloy

Nickel-based alloy has been widely used due to its outstanding mechanical properties. However, Nickel-based alloy is a typical difficult-to-machine material, which is a great constrain for its application in the manufacturing field. To improve the surface quality of the ground workpiece, a new high-shear and low-pressure grinding wheel, with high ratio of tangential grinding force to normal grinding force, was fabricated for the grinding of selective laser melting (SLM) manufactured Inconel718 alloy. The principle of high-shear and low-pressure grinding process was introduced in detail, which was quite different from the conventional grinding process. The fabrication process of the new grinding wheel was illustrated. A serial of experiments with different processing parameters were carried out to investigate the grinding performance of the developed grinding wheel via analyzing surface roughness and surface morphology of the ground workpiece. The optimal processing parameters of high-shear and low-pressure grinding were obtained. The surface roughness of ground workpiece was reduced to 0.232 μm from the initial value of 0.490 μm under the optimal grinding conditions. It was found that the initial scratches on the ground workpiece were almost completely removed after the observations with the metalloscopy and the field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). The capability of the newly developed high-shear and low-pressure grinding wheel was validated.     

钛合金风扇叶片磨抛加工性能试验研究

针对钛合金风扇叶片磨抛加工中砂轮易磨损、工件表面易烧伤的问题,开展了钛合金材料磨抛加工性试验研究,主要考察砂轮选型、磨抛工艺参数等关键因素对钛合金材料磨抛加工性的影响,并对试验结果进行了分析研究。试验结果表明,在保证工件表面加工质量(R_a0.8μm,表面无烧伤)的前提下,普通磨料砂轮GC46L10V磨抛加工钛合金的材料去除率和磨抛比分别可达5000mm~3/min和2.5,超硬磨料陶瓷结合剂CBN砂轮磨抛加工钛合金的材料去除率和磨抛比分别可达2000mm~3/min和4。基于研究结果,针对钛合金风扇叶片开展了砂带磨抛加工验证试验,工件加工质量良好。     

Analysis of grinding mechanics and improved grinding force model based on randomized grain geometric characteristics

Too high grinding force will lead to a large increase in specific grinding energy, resulting in high temperature in grinding zone, especially for the aerospace difficult cutting metal materials,seriously affecting the surface quality and accuracy. At present, the theoretical models of grinding force are mostly based on the assumption of uniform or simplified morphological characteristics of grains, which is inconsistent with the actual grains. Especially for non-engineering grinding wheel,most g...     

单颗磨粒磨削实验及其数值模拟的研究进展

单颗磨粒磨削是研究复杂磨削机理的重要手段,本文从单颗磨粒磨削过程和磨粒形状的角度阐述了磨削基础理论;概述了国内外学者以实验研究单颗磨粒的材料去除、切削力行为;基于数值模拟,探讨了不同工艺参数对单颗磨粒磨削力、磨削温度、工件表面质量的影响规律。最后就这一方向的深入研究工作做了展望。     

断续磨削时的脉动温度场解析

文章构造了周期变化的移动热源模型,并引进卷积概念建立了计算断续磨削时工件表层非稳态脉动温度场的理论公式。该公式可以包容连续磨削的情况,且可计算任意时刻的瞬态温度分布。文中利用推得的公式对断续磨削时的温度场及其降温机理作了深入的研究     

缓磨烧伤过程的计算机仿真研究

在关于缓磨时的磨削热 ,接触弧区换热过程以及工件表层非稳态温度场的深入研究的基础上 ,构造了一可用于计算缓磨烧伤前后工件表层温度场畸变历程的数学模型 ,并据此完成了关于缓磨烧伤过程的计算机仿真研究 ,仿真结果与实际吻合良好 ,它率先阐明了缓磨烧伤的热机理并且证明了缓磨烧伤是一具有明显前兆特征的典型渐变过程     

Systematic Geometric Error Modeling for Workspace Volumetric Calibration of a 5-axis Turbine Blade Grinding Machine

A systematic geometric model has been presented for calibration of a newly designed 5-axis turbine blade grinding machine. This machine is designed to serve a specific purpose to attain high accuracy and high efficiency grinding of turbine blades by eliminating the hand grinding process. Although its topology is RPPPR (P: prismatic; R: rotary), its design is quite distinct from the competitive machine tools. As error quantification is the only way to investigate, maintain and improve its accuracy, calibration is recommended for its performance assessment and acceptance testing. Systematic geometric error modeling technique is implemented and 52 position dependent and position independent errors are identified while considering the machine as five rigid bodies by eliminating the set-up errors of workpiece and cutting tool. 39 of them are found to have influential errors and are accommodated for finding the resultant effect between the cutting tool and the workpiece in workspace volume. Rigid body kinematics techniques and homogenous transformation matrices are used for error synthesis.     

TC4钛合金高速外圆磨削表面完整性实验

为充分发挥钛合金的优良性能,以TC4为研究对象进行高速外圆磨削实验,分析外圆磨削工艺参数对工件表面完整性的影响规律。结果表明:工件亚表面未出现变质层;随着砂轮线速度提高,表面质量提高;随着工件转速提高,表面划痕明显;随着磨削深度增加,出现表面烧伤现象,并且磨削深度对表面完整性的影响程度最大;磨削力与磨削温度对表面硬度的影响是正相关的,且磨削力对表面硬度的影响程度较大。因此可以通过选择合理的工艺参数来保证较大的材料去除率与较好的工件表面质量,为TC4钛合金高速外圆磨削提供指导。     

高效抗疲劳磨削加工技术研究

通过对航空领域难加工材料磨削加工技术的分析,给出了高效抗疲劳磨削加工技术的概念和意义,并结合高效抗疲劳磨削中的关键技术,以及高效抗疲劳对现代磨削加工技术的要求,阐述了磨削加工过程中的新技术和新工艺,提出了表面完整性高效磨削技术:即在保证零件表面完整性的同时实现对磨削参数的优化选择,从而实现高效磨削,为表面完整性高效抗疲...     

Grindability and Surface Integrity of Cast Nickel-based Superalloy in Creep Feed Grinding with Brazed CBN Abrasive Wheels

The technique of creep feed grinding is most suitable for geometrical shaping, and therefore has been expected to improve effectively material removal rate and surface quality of components with complex profile. This article studies experimentally the effects of process parameters (i.e. wheel speed, workpiece speed and depth of cut) on the grindability and surface integrity of cast nickel-based superalloys, i.e. K424, during creep feed grinding with brazed cubic boron nitride (CBN) abrasive wheels. Some important factors, such as grinding force and temperature, specific grinding energy, size stability, surface topography, microhardness and microstructure alteration of the sub-surface, residual stresses, are investigated in detail. The results show that during creep feed grinding with brazed CBN wheels, low grinding temperature at about 100 °C is obtained though the specific grinding energy of nickel-based superalloys is high up to 200-300 J/mm³. A combination of wheel speed 22.5 m/s, workpiece speed 0.1 m/min, depth of cut 0.2 mm accomplishes the straight grooves with the expected dimensional accuracy. Moreover, the compressive residual stresses are formed in the burn-free and crack-free ground surface.