Multiresolutional multiple-model target tracking

A multiresolutional multiple-model target tracking algorithm is developed which uses the wavelet transform as a means for mapping data between different resolution levels. The algorithm is effective for tracking maneuvering targets given measurements with a low S/N ratio     

Optimizing Murty's ranked assignment method

We describe an implementation of an algorithm due to Murty for determining a ranked set of solutions to assignment problems. The intended use of the algorithm is in the context of multitarget tracking, where it has been shown that real-time multitarget tracking is feasible for some problems, but many other uses of the algorithm are also possible. The following three optimizations are discussed: (1) inheriting dual variables and partial solutions during partitioning, (2) sorting subproblems by lower cost bounds before solving, and (3) partitioning in an optimized order. When used to find the 100 best solutions to random 100/spl times/100 assignment problems, these optimizations produce a speedup of over a factor of 20, finding all 100 solutions in about 0.6 s. For a random cost matrix, the average time complexity for finding k solutions to random N/spl times/N problems appears to be nearly linear in both k and N, for sufficiently large k.     

考虑断点续传的中继卫星调度模型及启发式算法

为提高中继卫星系统的应用效能及数传任务的完成率，在中继卫星调度中考虑了断点续传这一应用模式，即对单个数传任务进行合理拆分，使其在多个时间窗口内完成。首先构建面向断点续传的中继卫星单址天线的调度模型，然后提出一种基于冲突风险评估的冲突度量化方法，并设计考虑断点续传的两阶段调度算法。最后开展大量的仿真实验将该算法与贪婪算法、基于最小冲突度的启发式算法和基于任务优先级的启发式算法这3个不考虑断点续传的算法进行对比。实验结果表明，所提出的算法在任务完成率方面分别提高了7.67%、6.34%和8.67%。     

基于多模型的低轨星座多目标跟踪传感器资源调度

针对低轨星座多目标持续跟踪传感器资源调度问题,首先将目标跟踪任务划分为高精度任务集合和低精度任务集合,并分析了跟踪任务状态转移过程;然后,为两任务集合分别建立了基于动态优先级的优化调度模型,提出了一种基于多模型的实时传感器调度算法。不同场景下仿真实验表明,所提算法较之以跟踪精度为优化目标和以跟踪精度为门限约束的方法具有更强的适用性,尤其对于目标分布较为集中的情况,其目标丢失率大大降低,尽管个别目标的跟踪误差略有增大。     

基于脉冲交错的数字阵列雷达任务优化调度算法

针对数字阵列雷达搜索、跟踪和成像任务的资源调度问题,提出一种数字阵列雷达(DAR)任务的优化调度算法。该算法以脉冲交错技术为基础,在对目标搜索与跟踪的同时,利用基于压缩感知的稀疏孔径认知逆合成孔径雷达(ISAR)成像方法对部分精密跟踪目标成像,并采用观测时间动态调整策略以提高雷达系统的自适应能力。仿真结果表明,与传统雷达资源调度算法相比,该算法可以将成像任务考虑到优化调度模型中并合理分配资源,实现雷达多任务并行的调度,获得更高的资源利用率与期望的成像质量。     

改进的SURF算法及其在电视制导中的应用

针对电视制导应用,提出了一种改进的SURF特征描述子目标跟踪算法。首先对SURF特征描述子的生成过程进行了改进,利用三角特征和对角特征设计了改进的SURF特征描述子,在保证区分能力的基础上提高了运算速度;基于SURF特征点匹配,设计了电视制导的匹配跟踪策略。仿真试验证明,基于改进SURF特征描述子的跟踪算法满足电视制导需求,同时运算速度达到了26f/s,比改进前提高了一倍以上,满足实时性要求。     

Rapid Star Tracking Algorithm for Star Sensor

A rapid star tracking algorithm is proposed. In order to speed up the tracking, three techniques includng parallel star centroiding, sorting, and star catalogue partition are designed for three time-consuming portions in tracking algorithms. The parallel star centroiding is implemented with Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) which avoid image storage and transmission. Update rate of star sensor is improved. Sorting star coordinates in star image plane, and then matching, which avoid matching between stars with a long distance in image plane. Star catalogue partition divides the celestial sphere into many small partitions. In star mapping, guide stars are searched in the partitions near the direction of star sensor's boresight is not in the whole celestial sphere and therefore reduced the total number of searched guide stars. The software and hardware performance of tracking algorithms are simulated. Tracking robustness and the tracking speed comparison are tested in the software simulation. In hardware tests, the tracking time in every step is obtained.     

基于庞加莱映射的多站数据融合算法

针对目前单目标跟踪数据融合中存在的伪数据问题，研究了基于庞加莱映射的补充条件定位引导算法和多站抗野值数据融合算法，建立了适应实际传感器数量变化的数据融合体系。理论分析和仿真结果均证明，该方法可行有效。     

STUDY ON ALGORITHM OF SENSOR MANAGEMENT BASED ON FUNCTIONS OF EFFICIENCY AND WASTE

The sensor management system is a subsys-tem of a multisensor data fusion system,and itspurpose is to satisfy requests of multitarget andscanned space by using the limited sensor resourcesin order to gain optimal measurement values of allspecified characteristics ( detection and captureprobability,emission power of sensor,trackingprecision or target losing probability and so on) .By the optimal principle listed above,sensor re-sources are distributed in science and reason.In aword,itis a key p…     

基于二维资源管理的多功能雷达任务调度算法

动态孔径分割技术为相控阵雷达针对不同任务灵活分配孔径资源提供了可能,而传统的资源调度方法仅基于单一孔径条件研究了时间资源的优化分配问题。针对雷达搜索、跟踪与成像任务的自适应调度问题,提出了一种基于时间-孔径二维资源管理的雷达资源调度算法。该算法建立了雷达孔径分割条件下的二维资源调度模型,确立了能量资源约束条件;利用基于压缩感知的稀疏孔径逆合成孔径雷达（ISAR）成像技术,使雷达在完成目标搜索和跟踪任务的同时实现对目标的成像;定义了调度算法性能的评价指标。在仿真实验中将该算法与另外2种算法进行对比,验证了所提算法在高度成功率、二维资源利用率与任务并行度这3种性能指标上具有优越性。     

Dynamically adaptable m-best 2-D assignment algorithm andmultilevel parallelization

In recent years, there has been considerable interest within the tracking community in an approach to data association based on the m-best two-dimensional (2D) assignment algorithm. Much of the interest has been spurred by its ability to provide various efficient data association solutions, including joint probabilistic data association (JPDA) and multiple hypothesis tracking (MHT). The focus of this work is to describe several recent improvements to the m-best 2D assignment algorithm. One improvement is to utilize a nonintrusive 2D assignment algorithm switching mechanism, based on a problem sparsity threshold. Dynamic switching between two different 2D assignment algorithms, highly suited for sparse and dense problems, respectively, enables more efficient solutions to the numerous 2D assignment problems generated in the m-best 2D assignment framework. Another improvement is to utilize a multilevel parallelization enabling many independent and highly parallelizable tasks to be executed concurrently, including 1) solving the multiple 2D assignment problems via a parallelization of the m-best partitioning task, and 2) calculating the numerous gating tests, state estimates, covariance calculations, and likelihood function evaluations (used as cost coefficients in the 2D assignment problem) via a parallelization of the data association interface task. Using both simulated data and an air traffic surveillance (ATS) problem based on data from two Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) air traffic control radars, we demonstrate that efficient solutions to the data association problem are obtainable using our improvements in the m-best 2D assignment algorithm     

Noise Angle Accuracy of Several Monopulse Architectures

Rigorous analysis of four monopulse radar architectures has been conducted to develop the practical angle-tracking accuracy of the systems due to noise. The word ?practical? is used to imply that the systems may have range gates of arbitrary duration and may transmit pulses with arbitrarily shaped envelopes. The accuracy measure used is the mean-squared error (variance) in angle tracking. The four systems considered differ from each other according to the locations of the range gates and ?matched filters? in their architectures.     

高可扩展格子Boltzmann方法

格子Boltzmann方法(Lattice Boltzmann Method,LBM)是计算流体力学中的一种常用方法.由于LBM中的格点仅与相邻的格点间存在数据传递,因此具有良好的并行性.LBM并行算法中的数值通信部分通常采用的是格点上的微观量——分布函数.每次传递的分布函数具有多个不同的速度方向,为了进一步减少LBM并行算法的通信开销,从格子 Boltzmann方法的物理特性以及相应的串行程序为切入点,深层次地挖掘可并行的因子,设计了专门用于通信面的类,使用数量较少的宏观量进行通信,降低了通信所占的比重,缩短了通信时间,提高了加速比和效率.实验表明,在4 096个计算核上依然有良好的加速比和效率.     

Architectures and algorithms for track association and fusion

Target tracking using multiple sensors can provide better performance than using a single sensor. One approach to multiple target tracking with multiple sensors is to first perform single sensor tracking and then fuse the tracks from the different sensors. Two processing architectures for track fusion are presented: sensor to sensor track fusion, and sensor to system track fusion. Technical issues related to the statistical correlation between track estimation errors are discussed. Approaches for associating the tracks and combining the track state estimates of associated tracks that account for this correlation are described and compared by both theoretical analysis and Monte Carlo simulations     

热传导方程有限差分区域分裂：显—隐算法的注记

把Rodrigue和Wolitzer（1995）提出的一种新型显格式应用于热传导方程有限差分区域分裂算法的内边界点,并得到这类显—隐算法的收效性结果。新算法的逼近阶较好,而且较纯新型显式方法可以节省一倍左右的计算量。     

有限元的一种并行算法及实现

当前,由于有限元素法大都使用串行算法,处理时间较长。本文根据有限元素法的特点和采用的并行计算机结构,提出了一种并行有限元算法,能大大提高其处理速度,加快处理周期。且算法简单,实现方便。     

A Novel Ego-Motion Compensation Strategy for Automatic Target Tracking in FLIR Video Sequences taken from UAVs

Tracking targets in forward-looking infrared (FLIR) video sequences taken from airborne platforms is a challenging task. Several tracking failure modes can occur; in particular, discontinuities due to platform's motion can produce the so called ego-motion failure leading to unrecoverable errors in tracking the target. A novel ego-motion compensation technique for UAVs (unmanned aerial vehicles) is proposed. Data received from the autopilot can be used to predict the motion of the platform, thus allowing to identify a smaller region of the image (subframe) where the candidate target has to be searched for in the next frame of the sequence. The presented methodology is compared with a recently robust algorithm for automatic target tracking; experimental results show that the proposed motion estimation approach helps to improve performance both in terms of frames processed per second (targets are searched in smaller regions) and in terms of robustness (targets are correctly tracked for all the sequence's frames).     

粒子群算法在求解航空项目资源均衡优化问题中的应用

为了解决航空项目多任务多层级嵌套带来的资源利用率低、需求量集中等问题,将粒子群算法应用于复杂航空项目的资源均衡优化。通过构建资源均衡优化问题的解空间,建立任务开工时间与算法中粒子属性的映射关系。以资源需求均方差为算法的评价函数,在考虑任务逻辑关系而形成的约束条件下,求解项目中非关键节点的实际开始时间,并给出详细资源均衡优化方案。以航空项目中典型机翼装配为算例对算法进行验证,证明所提出的优化方法能够有效削弱资源需求峰值,解决资源需求量集中的问题,达到了项目资源均衡的目的。     

Monopulse Estimation of the Centroid of an Ensemble of Radar Scatterers

The use of data obtained by a monopulse radar to estimate the location of the radar cross-section centroid of an ensemble of scatterers is discussed. Both dish and phased-array antenna radars are treated. Expressions for the bias and variance of the centroid estimates are presented, including the effects of the radar receiver and beam pattern characteristics, receiver noise, and the video waveform sampling granularity, as well as the target properties. The monopulse tracking approach discussed here is contrasted with a raster scan approach presented previously.     

一种改进的强跟踪UKF算法及其在SINS大方位失准角初始对准中的应用

针对现有的强跟踪无迹卡尔曼滤波（UKF）算法存在理论依据不足和滤波性能欠佳等问题,从正交性原理出发,通过严谨的推导得到强跟踪UKF成立的充分条件,在此基础上提出一种改进的强跟踪UKF算法。该算法无需求解雅可比矩阵且计算量较小,渐消因子的作用位置以及求解公式均不同于原始的强跟踪滤波器。给出了该算法的流程和渐消因子的求解方法,证明了该算法满足强跟踪滤波器的充分条件,并分析了其渐消因子的作用机理。进行了捷联惯性导航系统（SINS）大方位失准角初始对准仿真,结果验证了所提强跟踪UKF算法的正确性和有效性。