INS/GPS组合系统在反舰导弹导航制导中的应用

为了提高反舰导弹的精确制导效率,提出了INS／GPS(惯性导航/卫星导航)相结合的导航方法,分析了INS与GPS相结合时的误差模型、整个系统的性能及滤波算法,并对INS／GPS 组合导航的应用前景做了一般性的分析。     

地磁辅助的无缝INS/GPS组合导航研究

INS/GPS组合导航已经成为当前无人机导航系统的主要实现形式,由于GPS信号容易受到干扰,在恶劣的电磁环境下信号易丢失,从而导致GPS卫星信号失锁而无法使用。地磁导航作为一种无源导航方法,其难以受到外界干扰且具有较强的自主性,从而为克服GPS在干扰情况下无法对INS误差实现持续无缝修正的不足提供了很好的途径。针对INS/GPS组合导航中GPS卫星信号失锁的情况,设计提出了使用地磁匹配导航进行辅助实现无人机无缝导航的实现方案,设计了基于地磁特征的地磁匹配算法和地磁匹配辅助的INS/GPS组合无缝自主导航算法,并通过仿真验证了采用地磁匹配辅助导航方法,可以在GPS无效的情况下,实现对INS导航误差的持续无缝修正,从而提高导航系统性能。     

动态自适应GPS/INS组合导航方法

为了提高导航测量系统的精度,改善其可靠性,提出了一种动态自适应高精度GPS/INS组合导航的新形式。这种新形式通过判断GPS可见卫星数目,动态自适应调整组合导航方法,保证了组合导航结果的高精度。在RTK GPS可靠基线范围内,且可观测卫星数目大于等于4的情况下,利用RTK GPS的cm级的定位定速结果与INS进行松组合;而在因信号干扰或建筑物阻挡造成卫星失锁时,利用GPS伪距、伪距率与INS进行紧组合。通过仿真验证了方法的高精度,具有良好的应用前景。     

一种对GPS/INS组合导航的曳引式拉偏干扰

为解决GPS/INS组合导航对抗难题,提出一种针对GPS/INS组合导航的曳引式拉偏干扰方法。通过干扰设备产生欺骗干扰信号,使GPS/INS组合中的GPS接收机输出与其实际位置逐渐偏离的导航定位数据,当偏离误差无法被组合导航纠正时发生曳引式拉偏干扰。文中给出干扰方法的定义、信号形式、简化形式,通过半实物仿真实验证明其有效性并对其干扰效果进行了分析。     

基于残差卡方检验和动态Allan方差的INS/GPS故障检测与定位算法研究

INS作为一种精密的仪器,容易发生由于自身老化或受到外界环境干扰出现故障无法正常工作的情况。因此,深入研究了INS/GPS的故障检测算法,提出了一种基于残差卡方检验和动态Allan方差的INS/GPS故障检测与定位算法。在系统层面,通过残差式卡方检验法,能够在组合导航系统出现故障时及时准确识别,并为后续的动态Allan方差法确定一个故障发生的时间段,大大减小了Allan方差的计算量。随后通过动态Allan方差法对惯性传感器时变特性的表征,从传感器层面准确识别出故障发生的位置,两者结合实现了INS/GPS系统故障的及时检测与准确定位。通过对仿真和实验数据的分析,验证了这种方法对INS/GPS故障检测及定位的有效性。     

组合导航在现代精确制导兵器中的运用

通过对组合导航系统的研究,介绍了GPS、INS、北斗卫星导航系统、地形匹配辅助等精确导航系统原理。同时,通过GPS和我国北斗卫星导航系统制导方法的比较,探讨了适合我国国情的精确制导武器制导方法。     

基于Kalman滤波的GPS/INS接收机自适应干扰抑制方法

 考虑到惯导信息辅助GPS(GPS/INS)接收机对干扰抑制实时性的要求,提出一种基于Kalman滤波的GPS/INS接收机自适应干扰抑制方法。自适应广义旁瓣相消(GSC)多采用低复杂度最小均方(LMS)算法更新权矢量,收敛速率较低,严重时会导致接收机定位中断。首先利用Householder变换构建GSC下支路的阻塞矩阵,用于阻塞任意二维阵型阵列接收的期望信号;再用Kalman滤波自适应更新下支路权矢量,从而有效提高阵列输出信干噪比(SINR)。理论分析和仿真结果说明本文方法可有效抑制干扰对接收机的影响,且具有实时性高的特点。     

INS辅助GPS接收机及抗干扰能力的分析

针对高动态或低信噪比条件下GPS卫星信号容易失锁的特点,根据GPS接收机码／载波跟踪环特性,研究分析了惯性导航（INS）辅助GPS接收机原理及其抗干扰能力。在复杂电磁环境下,INS辅助GPS接收机（特别是紧耦合GPS/INS组合模式）是组合导航的发展方向。     

基于强跟踪滤波的GPS/INS组合导航系统对准技术研究

针对卡尔曼滤波鲁棒性较差的问题,研究了基于强跟踪滤波方法的GPS/INS对准。建立了GPS/INS组合导航系统对准的误差模型,对机载装备系统进行GPS/INS组合导航系统的对准仿真分析,验证该方案的可行性及强跟踪滤波器的性能。仿真结果表明,采用强跟踪滤波能够根据残差的变化求出渐消因子,能够在机动过程中有效跟踪系统状态量,从而提高对准精度和速度。采用强跟踪滤波的GPS/INS组合导航系统对准技术可以保证对准的快速性及对准精度,对工程应用具有重要的参考价值。     

动基座下INS/GPS组合导航系统初始对准研究

为了提高INS/GPS组合导航系统在动基座下的对准精度及对准快速性,针对位置/速度组合模式,确定其动基座下初始对准卡尔曼滤波方案,并进行计算机仿真。仿真结果表明,卡尔曼滤波算法在INS/GPS组合导航系统动基座初始对准中精度较高、收敛速度快、对水平失准角有较好的估计效果,是一种有效的估计方法。     

GPS/INS integration on the Standoff Land Attack Missile (SLAM)

The Standoff Land Attack Missile (SLAM) is a worldwide, all-weather, precision-strike weapon system deployed from carrier-based aircraft. In the primary mode of operation, target location and other mission data are generated from intelligence sources available on the aircraft carrier and loaded into the missile prior to aircraft takeoff. After missile launch, the SLAM inertial navigation system (INS) guides the missile along the planned trajectory. Updating the missile INS from the Global Positioning System (GPS) during flight provides precise midcourse navigation and enhances target acquisition by accurate, on-target pointing of the SLAM Maverick seeker. The GPS/INS avionics and software integration used for SLAM are described in detail, along with some of the design tradeoffs that led to the approach. The avionics configuration integrates the Harpoon midcourse guidance unit, which includes a strapdown inertial sensor package and digital processor, with a Rockwell-Collins single-channel, sequential GPS receiver processor unit (RPU), a derivative of the GPS phase-III user equipment. In addition to the GPS receiver elements the RPU contains the navigation processor, which executes the SLAM navigation, Kalman filter algorithms, and other guidance algorithms including seeker pointing. Flight-test results of the SLAM GPS-aided INS are also included     

GPS/INS系统航空制导炸弹半实物仿真系统研究

介绍了GPS/INS制导体制的航空制导炸弹半实物系统的关键技术、系统组成、功能以及半实物仿真系统的作用,可以应用于相同体制的半实物仿真试验室的建设和半实物仿真试验方案的设计。通过对某型制导炸弹半实物仿真方案设计和试验验证,充分验证了该仿真系统设计的正确性和可靠性。     

弹道导弹GPS/SINS组合制导品质控制研究

给出了可提高战术弹道导弹射击精度的ＧＰＳ／ＳＩＮＳ组合制导模型。在给出多模Ｋａｌｍａｎ滤波（ＭＫＦ）数学模型的基础上和建立了可对ＧＰＳ／ＳＩＮＳ组合制导进行在线故障检测，故障了和系统重构的品质控制方案对于系统的重构，提出了鲁棒性处理方法。仿真结果表明：基于ＭＫＦ的ＧＰＳ／ＳＩＮＳ组合制地与单独捷联惯导相比，可使导弹射击精度和到明显提高，组合地的品质也得到了有效控制。     

New low cost avionics with INS/GPS for a variety of vehicles

Development of a new vehicle avionics suite is described, including integration of a low-cost, tightly-coupled integrated Inertial Navigation System/Global Positioning System (INS/GPS) to support vehicle guidance, navigation, and control (GN&C). A wide variety of next-generation low-cost launch vehicles could potentially benefit from integrated INS/GPS technology for GN&C and/or range safety applications. Coleman Aerospace Company (CAC) has developed a new low-cost avionics suite, the generic Integrated Mission Guidance & Tracking System (IMGTS), an open architecture, modular system that supports the requirements for various guidance applications and range safety tracking. As part of this development, Boeing North American, Inc. is supplying its Modular Miniature Integrated GPS/INS Tactical System (M-MIGITS^TM) Military-Off-The-Shelf (MOTS) INS/GPS product to support CAC's IMGTS GN&C     

GPS Aided Inertial Navigation

The Global Positioning System is an extremely accurate satellite-based navigation system which, after its completion in 1989, will provide users worldwide, 24 hour. all weather coverage. A joint research project among Boeing, Rockwell-Collins, and Northrop has been completed in which a GPS receiver was integrated with a low-cost strap-down inertial navigation system and a flight computer. A Kalman filter in the latter allows in-fight alignment and calibration of the INS. In addition, feedback from the INS to the GPS receiver improves the system's ability to reacquire satellite signals after outages. The resulting system combines the accuracy of GPS with the jamming immunity and autonomy of inertial navigation. System tests were conducted in which a Boeing owned T-33 jet aircraft was flown through known test pattern to align and calibrate the INS. Earlier tests, including tests against an airborne jammer, were conducted in a modified passenger bus.