碳团簇复合吸波材料的结构设计与性能

通过物理和化学方法制得聚丙烯腈(PAN)基碳团簇复合吸波材料,利用SEM和XRD对其结构及形貌进行了表征,并以碳团簇复合吸波材料和碳团簇材料分别为吸收剂制备的吸波涂层进行了吸波性能测试。结果表明:以碳团簇复合吸波材料为吸收剂制备的吸波涂层带宽要优于以碳团簇材料为吸收剂制备的吸波涂层,该碳团簇复合吸波材料兼具电和磁损耗的能力。     

结构吸波材料多层阻抗渐变设计及应用

对多层阻抗渐变的吸波结构设计思想进行了分析,介绍了多层阻抗渐变思想在吸波层板和泡沫两类结构吸波材料设计上的应用。理论计算与试验验证结果均表明,采用多层阻抗渐变设计能够使吸波层板和泡沫的吸波带宽向低频拓展,同时显著提高吸波泡沫的吸收强度。具有三个阻抗渐变吸收层的4 mm厚吸波层板在5~18 GHz频段反射率小于-10 d B;具有六个阻抗渐变吸收层的22 mm厚吸波泡沫在2~18 GHz频段反射率小于-10 d B,其中在6~18 GHz频段反射率小于-20 d B,8~12 GHz频段反射率小于-30 d B。多层阻抗渐变设计是提高结构吸波材料吸波性能的有效手段。     

聚邻乙氧基苯胺/ Fe3 O4 复合薄膜的制备及吸波性能

采用静电自组装技术,以化学氧化法合成的聚邻乙氧基苯胺和水热法制备的Fe3O4磁流体为原料,制备了聚邻乙氧基苯胺/Fe3O4复合薄膜,并采用SEM、FT-IR和矢量网络分析仪等手段表征了复合薄膜的形貌及电磁参数随频率的变化关系,对其微波吸收性能进行了初步研究.结果表明:制得的复合薄膜呈片状结构,吸波性能主要靠磁损耗,且在较低频率范围(8～10 GHz)内,薄膜厚度d为3.5mm时吸波效果较佳,反射率最低可达-11.5 dB;在较高频率范围(10～12.5 GHz)内,d为2.5 mm时吸波效果较佳,反射率最低为-10.4dB.     

复合型雷达吸波材料结构优化设计的数值计算

基于多层复合型雷达吸波材料的设计要求构造了多目标优化的模型,将基本遗传算法(SGA)改进为自适应-混合遗传算法(MAHGA),通过数值计算为多层雷达吸波材料的结构优化提供了依据,依据计算结果制备了多层复合雷达吸波材料并进行了反射率和电磁参数测试实验,实验结果与计算结果吻合较好,复合材料具有良好的吸波性能,在8~18GHz低于-10dB的带宽可达7.8GHz,最大衰减量为-34.6dB,总厚度为3.5mm。     

纳米复合镍粉雷达吸波涂层研究

采用机械化学法将纳米SiC包覆在镍粉表面制备复合吸波材料,将该材料喷涂在基体上制备吸波涂层,并研究了SiC在复合材料中的含量变化对涂层吸波性能的影响.研究表明,SiC含量为10%时,纳米复合涂层的吸波性能最佳.与镍粉吸波涂层相比,该纳米复合涂层中频段的吸波性能明显提高,发射率小于-5 dB的带宽由7 GHz增加到10.4 GHz,涂层最高吸收值达到-23.4 dB.     

多层复合吸波涂料设计与试验研究

单层吸波涂料一般吸波频带较窄,而多层吸波涂料吸波频带较宽。本研究采用三层结构设计,有效展宽吸收频带,在吸收频率为6～18GHz范围内,材料的反射率不大于-10dB,材料厚度为2.15mm,面密度4.5kg/m2,多层吸波涂料经过相应的环境试验后仍然能够保持较好的性能。     

蜂窝夹层复合材料的吸波性能

采用Nomex蜂窝芯、混合物吸收剂和酚醛树脂制备了蜂窝夹层复合材料,研究了蜂窝芯高度、蒙皮厚度和蜂窝芯增重对其吸波性能的影响.结果表明:随着蜂窝芯高度的增加,其夹层复合材料的-10 dB有效带宽向低频扩展,18 mm高度蜂窝夹层复合材料在2～18 GHz频段反射率均小于-10 dB;随着蒙皮厚度的增加,蜂窝夹层复合材料的低频反射率降低,但高频反射率升高;随着蜂窝芯黏附吸收剂质量的增加,其吸收峰频率向低频移动.     

Fe-Si-Al合金的制备及其微波电磁性能

以高纯Fe、Si、Al粉为原料,采用机械合金化法制备Fe-Si-Al合金粉末.利用X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜和矢量网络分析仪分别研究了机械合金化产物的相结构、形貌和Fe-Si-Al合金吸波材料在1～18GHz内的电磁性能.结果表明:采用机械合金化方法,球磨时间为80 h时制备得到了块状Fe-Si-Al合金粉末,并且得到的Fe-Si-Al合金粉末比原始铁粉具有较低的介电常数实部和虚部,其磁导率实部和虚部也有所增加.Fe-Si-Al合金吸波材料在低频具有优异的吸波性能,吸波材料厚度为3 mm时,在2～4 GHz频段内具有较低的反射率,在3 GHz处的最小反射率为-16 dB.随着厚度的增加,Fe-Si-Al合金吸波材料的最大吸收峰由高频向低频移动,同时吸收峰的宽度变窄,最小反射率减小,吸波能力增强.     

电路模拟吸波材料带宽拓展方法探索

电路模拟吸波材料有一定的频率选择特性,电磁波有效损耗的带宽通常比较窄,通过多层电路屏、掺杂电损耗介质、磁损耗介质层组合、磁电损耗组合的方法,对电路模拟结构吸波材料在2~18GHz区间电磁损耗带宽的拓展进行了初步探索。结果证明:四种方法都能够提高电路模拟吸波材料的有效吸波带宽,并能够不同程度地提高材料的吸波效率。多层电路屏、掺杂电损耗介质的多层电路屏、组合磁损耗介质层的多层电路屏、组合磁损耗介质层和电损耗介质的多层电路屏,其反射率≤-5dB的带宽较单层电路屏的1.2GHz分别增加了6.4、10.6、9.6、10.6GHz,最小反射率分别达到-8、-10、-12、-25dB。     

吸收剂复合改性对材料电磁性能的影响

采用硅烷偶联剂对W型铁氧体类吸收剂和F型铁氧体类吸收剂进行复合改性,通过扫描电镜(SEM)研究偶联剂改性对吸收剂微观结构的影响,分析复合改性对吸波材料电磁性能的影响,并通过有效媒质理论(effective medium theory)讨论吸收剂电磁参数理论值与实际值的差异。结果表明:通过吸收剂复合改性可以实现复合吸波材料的电磁性能调整,实现材料宽带匹配,提高吸波材料吸收效率;改性后的吸波材料在8～18 GHz时反射率小于–10 dB,最小反射值可达–14.5 dB,附着力为6.32 MPa;耐热性能实验后,吸波材料外观和反射率无明显变化,说明复合改性后吸波材料耐环境性能优异。     

ν-gap度量及其在飞行控制律评估中的应用

 传统控制律评估方法主要用于单输入单输出（SISO）系统，且对模型参数摄动考虑不够全面,针对这些不足，研究了ν-gap度量方法。在介绍系统广义稳定裕度相关概念的基础上，给出了ν-gap度量的定义、特点和性质以及近似摄动模型的计算，提出ν-gap度量评估控制律的步骤。实例结果表明，该方法不仅克服了上述传统评估方法的缺陷，而且还有根据所求的各摄动影响情况忽略影响小的元素，以减少计算量及可以找到最坏情况下的参数摄动组合等优点。     

Integrated Entry Guidance for Reusable Launch Vehicle

A method for the implementation of integrated three-degree-of-freedom constrained entry guidance for reusable launch vehicle is presented. Given any feasible entry conditions, terminal area energy management interface conditions, and the reference trajectory generated onboard then, the method can generate a longitudinal guidance profile rapidly, featuring linear quadratic regular method and a proportional-integral-derivative tracking law with time-varying gains, which satisfies all the entry corridor constraints and meets the requirements with high precision. Afterwards, by utilizing special features of crossrange parameter, establishing bank-reversal corridor, and determining bank-reversals according to dynamically adjusted method, the algorithm enables the lateral entry guidance system to fly a wide range of missions and provides reliable and good performance in the presence of significant aerodynamic modeling uncertainty. Fast trajectory guidance profiles and simulations with a reusable launch vehicle model for various missions and aerodynamic uncertain-ties are presented to demonstrate the capacity and reliability of this method.     

基于飞机油箱模型形状特征油量测量切片步长选择方法研究

 在分析飞机数字式油量测量过程中目前广泛使用的切片法油量测量原理的基础上,针对现有的定步长切片法无法得到准确、可靠的燃油质量特性数据库的缺陷,结合对飞机油箱模型形状特征的分析,提出了基于飞机油箱模型形状特征的油量测量切片步长选择方法。此方法包括切片步长整体和局部选择两个过程,整体选择以实现相邻两切片平面所夹油箱模型体积近似相等为目的来确定切片步长,以体现油箱模型截面整体变化规律;局部选择以设计切片平面与截面突变平面重合或尽可能接近的方式,突出油箱截面的局部变化特征。实验结果表明：该切片步长选择方法较定步长方法能够建立更为合理、可靠的燃油质量特性数据库,从而提高了油量测量精度。     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

二维翼段颤振的μ控制

 采用超声电机作为作动器来实现含控制面的翼段颤振鲁棒抑制。针对作者设计的二维翼段颤振主动抑制系统，通过理论与实验相结合的方法，建立了考虑沉浮方向阻尼和作动器模型参数不确定性的控制系统模型，设计了μ控制器，并对控制器做了降阶处理。数值仿真和风洞试验表明，μ控制器可有效地抑制颤振的发生，将颤振临界速度提高23.4%。相对于H_∞控制器，μ控制器的控制效果和鲁棒性更好。     

航空发动机管路测量数据分割方法

 为了提高航空发动机管路测量数据的反求建模效率,提出了一种区域增长分割算法。该方法主要是利用管路表面在曲面索引系数映射、主曲率映射、高斯映射上的特性,并基于均值漂移算法和遗传算法提出了区域分割算法中种子区域的选择策略。然后利用区域增长分割方法实现了对管路测量数据的分割。经过仿真和实测数据验证,所提管路分割算法具有较好的分割质量和效率。     

Abnormal Shape Mould Winding

为解决网格化芯模的缠绕问题,本文提出了复合材料面片缠绕机理;接着详细分析了面片缠绕过程中的芯模凹曲面上纤维滑线和架空现象,应用微分几何曲面理论和空间几何理论,提出判据及其解决方案;最后,针对飞机发动机进气道的缠绕成型,编制缠绕控制程序并进行相应的实验,验证了面片缠绕方法的可行性。     

Interfacial Properties Modification of Carbon Fiber/ Polyarylacetylene Composites

This work was dedicated to performing surface oxidation and coating treatments on carbon fibers (CF) and investigating the changes of fiber surface properties after these treatments, including surface composition, relative volume of functional groups, and sur- face topography with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and atom force microscopy (AFM) technology. The results show that, after oxidation treatments, interfacial properties between CF and non-polar polyarylacetylene (PAA) resin are remarkably modified by removing weak surface layers and increasing fiber surface roughness. Coating treatment by high char phenolic resin solution after oxida- tion makes interface of CF/PAA composites to be upgraded and the interfacial properties further bettered.     

Thermal Stresses and Cracks During the Growth of Large-sized Sapphire with SAPMAC Method

本文利用有限元法对冷心放肩微量提拉法(SAPMAC)生长大尺寸蓝宝石单晶过程中的热应力进行了模拟计算,应用临界缺陷理论解释了裂纹的萌生与扩展机理。研究表明,晶体内的热应力主要与晶体生长速率,环境温度和结晶取向有关;较大热应力多出现在结晶界面,放肩、收尾以及直径急剧变化等位置;最大热应力总是出现在籽晶与新生晶体的界面附近。裂纹将在临界缺陷位置产生,并在应力作用下沿a或m面扩展。计算结果与实验结果基本吻合,通过晶体生长系统和生长工艺的改进,对晶体的开裂问题得到了有效的抑制。     

Optimization Design System for Composite Structures Based on Grid Technology

To solve the topology optimization of complicated multi-objective continuous/discrete design variables in aircmit structure design, a Parallel Pareto Genetic Algorithm （PPGA） is presented based on grid platform in this paper. In the algorithm, the commercial finite element analysis （FEA） software is integrated as the calculating tool for analyzing the objective functions and the filter of Pareto solution set based on weight information is introduced to deal with the relationships among all objectives. Grid technology is utilized in PPGA to realize the distributed computations and the user interface is developed to realize the job submission and job management locally/remotely. Taking the aero-elastic tailoring of a composite wing for optimization as an example, a set of Pareto solutions are obtained for the decision-maker. The numerical results show that the aileron reversal problem can be solved by adding the limited skin weight in this system. The algorithm can be used to solve complicated topology optimization for composite structures in engineering and the computation efficiency can be improved greatly by using the grid platform that aggregates numerous idle resources.