共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 140 毫秒
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跑道作为机场的关键设施,是飞机着陆和减速滑行的区域,通过视觉定位方法计算飞机相对跑道的位置,可以作为辅助飞机快速平稳着陆的一种思路。视觉传感器所需成本较低,对安装环境要求不高,本文旨在设计一个仅靠视觉传感器对飞机进行定位的辅助着陆系统,运用目标检测和视觉定位两个模型,计算飞机相对跑道的位置。首先搭建出等比例微缩的机场跑道模型,视觉传感器产生运动模拟飞机飞行路径,目标检测模型通过机载视觉传感器获取的图像识别出跑道区域,随后视觉定位模型提取图像中跑道区域特征点,计算飞机相对跑道的位置。分别对目标检测和视觉定位两部分的实现原理及难点进行阐述,尝试将目标检测和视觉定位结合起来实现飞机降落时的定位,描述辅助着陆系统设计的整体思路。 相似文献
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将主动控制缓冲器应用于飞机地面滑行减振。建立了飞机在随机跑道激励下,考虑机身俯仰运动与弹性振动的非线性随机动力学模型。采用统计线性化方法,使模型在平衡点附近线性化。加入前置线性滤波器将随机路面高斯激励转换成高斯白噪声激励。基于随机最优控制理论,设计了线性二次型高斯(LQG)控制器。由Monte-Carlo法模拟了路面随机过程,得到了飞机的动响应。通过主动控制缓冲器与被动控制缓冲器的仿真比较可以看出,主动控制缓冲器能够有效提高飞机地面滑行的舒适性与减振性。 相似文献
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廖凯 《民用飞机设计与研究》2020,(4):112-116
民用飞机在低能见度的机场跑道滑行时,存在发生跑道入侵的风险。国内外民航史记载了数次因跑道入侵事件导致的飞机在机场地面相撞而机毁人亡的严重事故。近年来,越来越多的人选择飞机作为长途出行的交通工具,使得全球大型国际机场的年吞吐量剧增,导致跑道入侵事件时有发生。各国民用航空管理组织对跑道入侵事件的关注度持续上升,航空公司需要在机上安装一套地面避撞系统,来避免跑道入侵事件的发生。本验证项目基于某大型机场的动态地图建立了一个机载跑道入侵预警系统原型,建立了飞机在机场滑行的平面四向运动模型,设定了不同安全等级的跑道入侵预警算法,定义了多种飞机跑道入侵场景,最终在MATLAB/Simulink和FlightGear中进行二维平面仿真和三维立体仿真,验证了系统解决方案的有效性和算法的正确性。 相似文献
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双框架飞机蒙皮检测机器人切换运动控制方法 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
针对一种双框架飞机蒙皮检测机器人,通过分析该机器人在飞机表面上的受力情况,在飞机表面该机器人受到了非完整约束,基于牛顿-欧拉法建立了机器人非完整约束动力学模型。根据机器人机械结构和运动步态分析,将该非完整机器人系统分为子系统A和子系统B。为了实现机器人在飞机表面运动,采用反演技术和快速Terminal滑模控制相结合的思想对系统设计了控制器,提出了一种反演-滑模控制方法;对于非完整机器人子系统A和子系统B,设计了一种基于事件驱动的切换策略,实现了机器人对期望轨迹的全局渐近跟踪,并利用Lyapunov稳定性证明系统的跟踪误差收敛。仿真和试验表明,采用该切换策略和反演-滑模控制方法,双框架飞机蒙皮检测机器人可以在飞机表面自由运动并进行损伤检测,具有良好的可靠性和稳定性。 相似文献
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采用时域确定性方法,建立了机身-起落架系统分析模型,分析了飞机在不平跑道上滑行的动态响应,并对某机型采用不同形式减震器———常油孔及变油孔的情况进行了计算、分析和比较。结果表明,变油孔设计能够明显改善飞机滑行的动态性能。 相似文献
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无人机地面滑行自主起飞的建模与控制 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
前三点式无人机地面滑行起飞的整个过程由三轮滑行、抬前轮滑行和离地至安全高度3个阶段组成,3个阶段飞机的受力与约束均不相同。根据3个阶段的运动特性和飞机的气动特性,建立了一种通用的无人机地面纵向动力学模型,确定其抬前轮速度和离地速度,从而选择合适的控制策略来实现其自主起飞。以某型无人机为背景,建立了全量的非线性模型,并在此基础上设计了一种起飞的控制方案。仿真结果表明,此模型与控制方案具有较高的工程应用价值。 相似文献
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Simulation of asymmetric landing and typical ground maneuvers for large transport aircraft 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Prashant Dilip Khapane 《Aerospace Science and Technology》2003,7(8):1708-619
It is important to determine static and dynamic ground loads for the aircraft ground maneuvers accurately in the design phase. Simulation of the important operational cases is a better way compared to the tests on real aircraft to investigate these loads at a reasonable cost. In this paper, the simulation of an asymmetric landing case and typical ground maneuvers for large transport aircraft is presented. The aircraft models are built in the multibody simulation tool SIMPACK. The tire model implemented in SIMPACK includes lateral dynamics of the tire. Cornering, braked runs and pushback are simulated as typical ground maneuvers. For simulation of braking, a simple but effective Antilock Braking System (ABS) algorithm is implemented. The article is based on the work done in cooperation between DLR and Airbus in the Flexible Aircraft 2 project. 相似文献
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邵慧 《民用飞机设计与研究》2019,(4):41-44
民机自动飞行系统在截获LOC信标切入跑道中心线时,由于空间几何限制导致较大超调,会对飞行安全产生不利影响。针对这一问题,设计了一种考虑几何限制的航向道模式。为了解决LOC线性区外信号不能用于自动飞行指令计算的问题,利用飞行管理系统的现有功能计算出飞机偏离跑道中心线的水平偏差;使用切入点位置和最大滚转角的几何限制作为机动判断条件,同时以进入线性区作为LOC模式的激活条件,使得飞机在达到几何限制时能提前机动。最后,通过仿真对比了采用三种不同LOC截获方法时飞机的响应,仿真结果表明所提出的方法能够有效解决因几何限制导致的LOC截获超调问题。 相似文献
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Water takeoff performance calculation method for amphibious aircraft based on digital virtual flight
《中国航空学报》2020,33(12):3082-3091
Owing to the strong coupling among the hydrodynamic forces, aerodynamic forces and motion of amphibious aircraft during the water takeoff process, the water takeoff performance is difficult to calculate accurately and quickly. Based on an analysis of the dynamics and kinematics characteristics of amphibious aircraft and the hydrodynamic theory of high-speed planing hulls, a suitable mathematical model is established for calculating the hydrodynamics of aircraft during water takeoff. A pilot model is designed to illustrate how pilots are affected by the lack of visual reference and the necessity to simultaneously control the pitch angle, flight velocity and other parameters during water takeoff. Combined with the aerodynamic model, engine thrust model and aircraft motion model, a digital virtual flight simulation model is developed for amphibious aircraft during water takeoff, and a calculation method for the water takeoff performance of amphibious aircraft is proposed based on digital virtual flight. Typical performance indicators, such as the liftoff time and liftoff distance, can be obtained via digital virtual flight calculations. A comparison of the measured flight test data and the calculation results shows that the calculation error is less than 10%, which verifies the correctness and accuracy of the proposed method. This method can be used for the preliminary evaluation of airworthiness compliance of amphibious aircraft design schemes, and the relevant calculation results can also provide a theoretical reference for the formulation of flight test plans for airworthiness certification. 相似文献
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The objective of this study is to improve the methods of determining unimpeded (nom-inal) taxiing time, which is the reference time used for estimating taxiing delay, a widely accepted performance indicator of airport surface movement. After reviewing existing methods used widely by different air navigation service providers (ANSP), new methods relying on computer software and statistical tools, and econometrics regression models are proposed. Regression models are highly recommended because they require less detailed data and can serve the needs of general per-formance analysis of airport surface operations. The proposed econometrics model outperforms existing ones by introducing more explanatory variables, especially taking aircraft passing and over-passing into the considering of queue length calculation and including runway configuration, ground delay program, and weather factors. The length of the aircraft queue in the taxiway system and the interaction between queues are major contributors to long taxi-out times. The proposed method provides a consistent and more accurate method of calculating taxiing delay and it can be used for ATM-related performance analysis and international comparison. 相似文献
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机场跑道道面平整度评价及其影响分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
根据机场道面平整度评价领域内大量的研究成果以及实际应用经验,提出了一套适用于机场道面平整度的调查、分析及评价方法。借助机场道面平整度评估软件,对飞机在两种平整度不同的跑道上滑行时的竖向加速度和动栽进行了仿真,并根据仿真结果分析了跑道道面平整度时飞机运行的影响。 相似文献