脉冲耦合神经网络在图像分割中的应用研究

系统研究了脉冲耦合神经网络在图像分割中的应用。首先研究了标准PCNN和简化的PCNN模型在图像分割中的应用,对分割结果进行了比较分析,结果表明,两种PCNN模型都能得到较好的分割结果。其次研究了最大熵、最小交叉熵和区域特征一致性准则在PCNN最优分割结果确定中的应用。最后探讨了PCNN参数变化对图像分割结果的影响,并给出了仿真试验结果。     

翼型低速动态测压实验的初步分析

简述了翼型低速动态实验研究的测试设备和实验方法，给出了ＮＡＣＡ００１２翼型动态测压的实验结果，初步分析了影响翼型动态气动特性的因素。将所得实验结果与国外实验结果及理论计算结果进行了对比与分析，实验结果与资料值有较好的一致性。     

基于风洞试验和数值模拟的超临界机翼雷诺数修正方法研究

结合风洞试验方法和数值模拟,对采用超临界机翼的大型飞机进行雷诺数影响规律研究。对比分析了不同雷诺数下的试验结果和数值模拟结果,在此基础上研究了基于数值模拟结果的雷诺数修正方法,将低雷诺数试验结果向高雷诺数进行修正。修正结果与相应雷诺数试验结果相比,阻力系数相差不超过0.0004,升阻比最大误差约为0.2。针对于力矩系数修正误差问题进行了修正方法改进,改进后的修正误差从0.01降为0.001,表明了修正结果在飞行雷诺数下的适用性。     

增程制导航弹绕流场数值模拟

研究某增程制导航弹绕流场的结构,为气动特性分析和外形改进提供依据。以三维N-S方程为主控方程,引入S-A一方程湍流模型,对某增程制导航弹的绕流场进行了数值模拟,给出了流场图像和气动特性计算结果,并将CFD计算结果与试验结果进行了比较分析。CFD计算结果与试验结果吻合良好,验证了所采用CFD方法的准确性和有效性,数值模拟结果已得到应用。     

风洞非均匀流场中的一体化高超声速飞行器缩比模型气动性能研究

准确预测气动推进性能是吸气式高超声速飞行器研究的重要挑战之一。针对CARDC吸气式高超声速实验室（AHL）自主设计的一体化高超声速飞行器风洞试验模型,通过数值模拟计算,研究了CARDC600mm脉冲燃烧风洞的流场,并与试验结果做了对比,确定了试验模型在风洞中的合理安装位置,分析了带舵面飞行器在进气道打开、发动机不工作情况下的气动性能,对比研究了试验模型部分处于风洞流场非均匀区时,风洞结果对模型气动性能产生的影响,对比了数值计算结果和风洞试验结果。结果为利用风洞试验结果准确分析飞行器气动性能提供了重要依据。     

试验机空速校准试飞结果分析与处理

对某型试验机进行空速校准,并通过编队飞行对其校准结果进行了验证。本文分别对空速校准和对比验证试飞数据进行处理,得到相应的试飞结果,重点分析空速校准结果与对比验证结果两者之间的差异,阐明了其产生的原因,并最终给出此次空速校准合理有效的结果。     

用湍流附面层方程计算喷管内的对流换热

在流场计算的基础上,运用Patankar-Spalding方法积分求解了湍流附面层控制方程组,从而得到了固体火箭发动机喷管内燃气与壁面之间的对流换热。其中在附面层靠近壁面的底层区使用了Gouette流分析,在壁面边界和自由流边界处引入了滑移值的概念,因此保证了计算结果的相对准确性。最后将本文的计算结果与巴兹公式的计算结果和实验结果进行了比较。     

突加不平衡下发动机振动响应分析

为了研究发动机的突加不平衡故障,建立了航空发动机低压转子模型,完成了转子实验器的模态校核。在此基础上对突加不平衡下实验器的转子件响应进行了理论分析与实验对比。进一步建立了转子-支承-机匣分析模型,完成了响应的分析与实验结果对比。结果表明:建立的转子-支承-机匣模型考虑了发动机实际运转过程中的角加速度项和挤压油膜阻尼器瞬态项,分析结果与实验结果相符,突加不平衡位置处振动位移响应的分析结果与实测结果之间的相对误差为2.1%。在校核转子件响应后,将转子件载荷作为支承-机匣模型的载荷输入,考虑发动机结构特征,建立支承-机匣模型进行响应分析,分析结果与实验结果基本一致,对于靠近突加不平衡位置的振动速度响应,其分析结果与实测结果之间的相对误差不超过4.7%。分析结果能够体现突加不平衡后转子响应的冲击特征和转子-支承-机匣响应层层减弱的过程,所建立的计算方法具有较好的推广性。      

CFX-5．5对GBM-01标模气动力计算应用研究

本文介绍了采用通用CFD数值模拟软件CFX-5．5对GBM-01标模气动力特性的数值计算过程和计算结果。计算马赫数为0．6-2．024，计算结果与实验结果具有相同的趋势．文中对计算结果与实验结果的差异进行了分析。本文研究工作可为CFX-5．5在工程中的实际应用提供参考依据。     

FL-8风洞旋转天平试验支架干扰研究（英文）

给出了FL-8风洞进行旋转天平试验支架干扰研究的情况,对试验方法、设备和试验结果进行了介绍。为了实现圆弧形滑轨与模型支杆的支撑和变角功能,特别设计了新型的变角支杆。试验结果表明：支架干扰对纵横向气动力的影响规律是不同的,对纵向结果的影响是与旋转方向无关的,而对横向结果的影响在正反旋转时是相反的。尾撑和背撑试验结果经过支架干扰修正后向相同的值靠近,说明支架干扰修正的结果是合理的,提高了试验结果的准度。     

一种鼻锥钝化高超声速轴对称进气道流动特性实验

前缘钝化尺度是高超声速进气道设计中的关键参数。针对一种前体锥加弯曲压缩面的高超声速轴对称进气道,选取最大尺度为3.2mm(5%唇缘半径)的几种典型鼻锥钝化半径,在马赫数Ma=6来流,及模型安装攻角为0°、4°、7°的条件下开展鼻锥钝化尺度对进气道流动性能影响的实验研究。采用纹影拍摄及压力测量记录各来流条件下进气道前体流场结构及壁面压强分布,并在无攻角来流条件下利用微型扰流器进行边界层强制转捩研究。结果表明,对无攻角来流而言,即使是尺度高达3.2mm的钝化半径对进气道前体流场结构及壁面静压分布也基本没有影响。此来流条件下,几种不同鼻锥钝化半径的前体压缩面均出现小范围流动分离,而添加扰流器后该分离区均消失。钝化尺度的影响随着攻角的增加而显现,尽管不同鼻锥钝化尺度下迎风面流场及壁面压强分布几乎没有差别,但背风面随钝化尺度增大表现为边界层明显增厚、流动趋于不稳定。其中最大钝化尺度R=3.2mm的构型在4°攻角来流时背风面即出现明显的分离区,而7°攻角来流时背风面更是出现大范围流动分离、进气道背风侧不起动,并导致进气道内部壁面压强显著下降。     

Simulation and Analysis of Crashworthiness of Fuel Tank for Helicopters

Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks.     

Adaptive Sliding Control of Six-DOF Flight Simulator Motion Platform

本文使用Newton-Euler法推导了六自由度飞行模拟器运动平台完整的线性化形式的动力学方程,并以此为基础,提出了一种在任务空间中的非线性自适应滑模控制方法。这种控制方法将系统中的不确定性分为定常不确定参数和时变不确定参数,利用非线性自适应控制对定常不确定参数进行辨识,同时结合滑模控制对时变不确定参数和外部扰动进行补偿。通过数值仿真分析表明,该控制策略能准确识别运动平台的载荷、惯量、重心等参数,同时又能有效地提高系统的鲁棒性能。     

航天器返回地球的气动特性综述

航天器返回地球的飞行过程中,气动特性是实现将宇宙飞行速度减到落地前速度、保证再入飞行得到有效控制以及再入防热安全可靠的关键因素。针对简单旋成体气动外形、半弹道式再入控制、烧蚀防热类返回航天器,综述了返回地球过程中变化的空气流域特性、航天器周围的气体绕流环境、空气与航天器作用产生的动力学与热效应等。系统地给出了该类航天器的再入气动特性参数与飞行性能的共性规律,包括:气动阻力与再入减速、气动升力与再入轨迹控制、配平攻角与飞行稳定性、气动加热与防热,以及再入过程中不同气动特性航天器、气象条件变化等对再入飞行性能的影响规律。为航天器开展返回飞行过程的跨流域气动性能工程研制提供设计参考。     

Nonlinear Adaptive Slewing Motion Control of Spacecraft Truss Driven by Synchronous V-gimbaled CMG Precession

The slewing motion control of a truss arm driven by a V-gimbaled control-moment-gyro (CMG) is a nonlinear control problem. The V-gimbaled CMG consists of a pair of gyros that must precess synchronously. The moment of inertia of the system, the angular momentum of the gyros and the external disturbances are not exactly known. With the help of feedback linearization and recursive Lyapunov design method, an adaptive nonlinear controller is designed to deal with the unknown items. Performance of the proposed controller is verified by simulation.     

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

Investigation of Formation Process of the Chrome-free Passivation Film of Electrodeposited Zinc

The feasibility was investigated to substitute chrome-free passivation treatment of electrodeposited zinc in a titanium bath for chromate passivation treatment. The formation mechanism of the chrome-free passivation film was further analyzed. The surface mor- phologies and the elemental compositions of the treated samples with varied immersion times were observed by scanning electron mi- croscopy (SEM) and determined by energy dispersion spectrometry (EDS), respectively. The electrode potential of the sample surface was recorded in the film formation process. The changes of the electrode potential are in accordance with that of SEM and EDS of the sample surface. The results of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) show the chrome-free passivation film composed of ZnO, SiO2, TiO2, Zn4Si2O7(OH)2, and SrF2. The anode zinc dissolution and the local pH value increase due to the cathode hydrogen ion reduction process result in the formation of the chrome-free passivation film. The macro-images of the chrome-free passivation films formed on electrodeposited zinc show that the color of the film changes from blue to iridescence with the increase of the immersion times.     

高超声速飞行器表面温度分布与气动热耦合数值研究

针对高超声速飞行器热防护设计中的高温气体非平衡效应问题和气动热环境精确预测问题,基于流场的非平衡Navier-Stokes方程、表面的能量守恒方程和内部的热传导方程,考虑流场的非平衡效应、表面的热辐射效应、催化效应和烧蚀效应以及热防护层内部的热传导效应,建立了初步的表面温度分布与气动热的耦合计算方法,完善了高超声速飞行器气动物理流场计算软件(AEROPH_Flow)。在表面材料为碳-碳(C-C)条件下,对飞行高度为65km和飞行速度为8,10km/s的半球以及飞行高度为50km和飞行速度为8km/s的球锥模型,开展了表面温度分布与气动热的耦合计算,验证了计算方法和计算软件,分析了表面温度分布对气动热环境的影响。研究结果表明:表面温度分布对气动热的计算结果有较大影响,在气动热环境的预测中,不仅要考虑热化学非平衡效应和表面催化效应的影响,还要考虑表面温度分布的影响,最好是采用表面温度分布与气动热耦合计算的方法,以减小表面温度分布对气动热计算结果的影响。为此,需要发展完善非平衡流场/表面催化和烧蚀/热传导温度场(气/表/固)的计算模型、耦合求解技术和计算软件,实现对高超声速飞行器的真实飞行条件下高温气体非平衡效应和气动热环境的精确模拟。     

基于H∞性能指标的质量矩拦截弹鲁棒控制

 以所建立的质量矩拦截弹数学模型为基础，利用微分几何的反馈线性化理论，得到一个解耦线性系统，考虑到拦截弹的鲁棒性要求和3个滑块的协调控制问题，提出采用双回路的设计方法，内回路采用线性二次调节器（LQR），外回路采用考虑混合灵敏度问题的H_∞控制设计。仿真结果证明了该方法动态性能满足设计要求，同时对系统参数的不确定性具有较强的鲁棒性。