无人机机载武器装备的发展

介绍了美国无人机机载航空武器装备的发展历程以及研制改进情况.指出当前发展无人机机载武器的紧迫性和重要性,提出了无人机机载武器的发展趋势.     

通用无人机仿整机自动测试系统设计与实现

如何高效而精确的检测无人机机载设备的功能与性能,越来越重要且急迫。文章提出了一种将无人机机载计算机作为自动测试系统组成部分,并利用测试资源模拟无人机机载设备输入输出信号,仿真机载设备功能的测试系统设计方法,充分发挥机载计算机本身与其他机载设备的数据交联功能,以保持测试系统与实际装备工作环境一致,使得无人机整机BIT和正常工作过程能顺利完成。通过配备不同型号无人机的机载计算机和测试附件,可完成多型号无人机的测试,有效提高了内场检测维修的能力,提升了无人机的战斗力。     

无人机系统技术发展趋势

本文综述了无人机系统特点及其技术发展趋势，讨论了无人机机载无人驾驶的内在技术内涵，重点分析了长航时无人机、微型无人机、无人战斗机等三类无人机系统的关键技术内容和研究方向。     

从空中优势到信息战优势的转变--21世纪美空军装备发展战略走向分析

２１世纪，美空军在武器装备发展战略上的基本思路是：把航空航天信息装备发展放在首位，逐步形成以卫星为核心，以无人机为主力，空天一体化和网络化的指挥、预警、侦察、监视系统；以发展研制隐身飞机为重点，积极发展无人机和航天飞机，形成以隐身飞机为核心，由无人战斗机和航天飞机共同组成的空天一体化的作战体系；机载武器系统向精度高、威力大、射程远、全天候、小型化方向发展；大力发展空运力量，形成有效贯彻“全球交战”的战略空运力量     

台湾借无人机做大军事力量

台湾军方认为:无人机是台湾侦察大陆情况的最有效手段,台军国防部将其定为重点发展的高技术武器装备。据台湾国防部报告披露,无人机的研制与运用已成为台军未来五年武器装备建设的头等大事,并将无人机与导弹和雷达等共同列为国防科技优先发展的关键技术。过去,台湾地区的无人机总体水平比较低,     

军用无人机技术的发展现状及未来趋势

作为一种多用途、低费效比的航空武器装备,军用无人机日益受到世界各国军方的重视.本文分析了现役和即将服役军用无人机的技术水平及应用特点,并对军用无人机的发展趋势进行了展望.     

一种机载导航设备航向校正方法

针对中小型无人机(UAV)导航设备中的航向校正问题,提出了一种通过机载光电吊舱和全球定位系统(GPS)分别测量地面控制站相对于无人机的方位角,来确定无人机航向角偏差的"回头看"校正方法,用于校正中小型无人机的磁力计输出的航向数据。在测试试飞试验中,利用该校正方法对无人机航向进行校正后,将机载光电吊舱对目标定位的方位误差由校正前的2.5°减小到0.5°,距离误差由校正前的3.0km减小到0.5km,验证了该方法对无人机航向校正的可行性和有效性。     

未来机载数据链的网络结构研究

武器装备的不断更新和战场环境的日益复杂,要求机载数据链必须跟上未来作战形势的发展。本文在总结现有机载数据链网络结构的优点与不足的基础上,探讨未来机载数据链的网络结构发展方向及其实现的技术难点。     

机载航空电子设备设计的基本型趋向

分析了目前国内外航空机载武器装备的发展趋向;简要叙述了通用化、系列化和模块化的基本概念、内容和方法;并对我所机载航空电子设备研制方向和推行“三化”的具体实施提出了建议。     

浅论无人机机载卫通天线尺寸与数字信号传输带宽关系

卫星通信是无人机中继通信的重要手段。本文对无人机卫星通信链路中飞机总体设计关注的机载卫通天线尺寸选择问题进行了较详细的计算、探讨。     

ν-gap度量及其在飞行控制律评估中的应用

 传统控制律评估方法主要用于单输入单输出（SISO）系统，且对模型参数摄动考虑不够全面,针对这些不足，研究了ν-gap度量方法。在介绍系统广义稳定裕度相关概念的基础上，给出了ν-gap度量的定义、特点和性质以及近似摄动模型的计算，提出ν-gap度量评估控制律的步骤。实例结果表明，该方法不仅克服了上述传统评估方法的缺陷，而且还有根据所求的各摄动影响情况忽略影响小的元素，以减少计算量及可以找到最坏情况下的参数摄动组合等优点。     

Integrated Entry Guidance for Reusable Launch Vehicle

A method for the implementation of integrated three-degree-of-freedom constrained entry guidance for reusable launch vehicle is presented. Given any feasible entry conditions, terminal area energy management interface conditions, and the reference trajectory generated onboard then, the method can generate a longitudinal guidance profile rapidly, featuring linear quadratic regular method and a proportional-integral-derivative tracking law with time-varying gains, which satisfies all the entry corridor constraints and meets the requirements with high precision. Afterwards, by utilizing special features of crossrange parameter, establishing bank-reversal corridor, and determining bank-reversals according to dynamically adjusted method, the algorithm enables the lateral entry guidance system to fly a wide range of missions and provides reliable and good performance in the presence of significant aerodynamic modeling uncertainty. Fast trajectory guidance profiles and simulations with a reusable launch vehicle model for various missions and aerodynamic uncertain-ties are presented to demonstrate the capacity and reliability of this method.     

基于飞机油箱模型形状特征油量测量切片步长选择方法研究

 在分析飞机数字式油量测量过程中目前广泛使用的切片法油量测量原理的基础上,针对现有的定步长切片法无法得到准确、可靠的燃油质量特性数据库的缺陷,结合对飞机油箱模型形状特征的分析,提出了基于飞机油箱模型形状特征的油量测量切片步长选择方法。此方法包括切片步长整体和局部选择两个过程,整体选择以实现相邻两切片平面所夹油箱模型体积近似相等为目的来确定切片步长,以体现油箱模型截面整体变化规律;局部选择以设计切片平面与截面突变平面重合或尽可能接近的方式,突出油箱截面的局部变化特征。实验结果表明：该切片步长选择方法较定步长方法能够建立更为合理、可靠的燃油质量特性数据库,从而提高了油量测量精度。     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

二维翼段颤振的μ控制

 采用超声电机作为作动器来实现含控制面的翼段颤振鲁棒抑制。针对作者设计的二维翼段颤振主动抑制系统，通过理论与实验相结合的方法，建立了考虑沉浮方向阻尼和作动器模型参数不确定性的控制系统模型，设计了μ控制器，并对控制器做了降阶处理。数值仿真和风洞试验表明，μ控制器可有效地抑制颤振的发生，将颤振临界速度提高23.4%。相对于H_∞控制器，μ控制器的控制效果和鲁棒性更好。     

航空发动机管路测量数据分割方法

 为了提高航空发动机管路测量数据的反求建模效率,提出了一种区域增长分割算法。该方法主要是利用管路表面在曲面索引系数映射、主曲率映射、高斯映射上的特性,并基于均值漂移算法和遗传算法提出了区域分割算法中种子区域的选择策略。然后利用区域增长分割方法实现了对管路测量数据的分割。经过仿真和实测数据验证,所提管路分割算法具有较好的分割质量和效率。     

Abnormal Shape Mould Winding

为解决网格化芯模的缠绕问题,本文提出了复合材料面片缠绕机理;接着详细分析了面片缠绕过程中的芯模凹曲面上纤维滑线和架空现象,应用微分几何曲面理论和空间几何理论,提出判据及其解决方案;最后,针对飞机发动机进气道的缠绕成型,编制缠绕控制程序并进行相应的实验,验证了面片缠绕方法的可行性。     

Interfacial Properties Modification of Carbon Fiber/ Polyarylacetylene Composites

This work was dedicated to performing surface oxidation and coating treatments on carbon fibers (CF) and investigating the changes of fiber surface properties after these treatments, including surface composition, relative volume of functional groups, and sur- face topography with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and atom force microscopy (AFM) technology. The results show that, after oxidation treatments, interfacial properties between CF and non-polar polyarylacetylene (PAA) resin are remarkably modified by removing weak surface layers and increasing fiber surface roughness. Coating treatment by high char phenolic resin solution after oxida- tion makes interface of CF/PAA composites to be upgraded and the interfacial properties further bettered.     

Thermal Stresses and Cracks During the Growth of Large-sized Sapphire with SAPMAC Method

本文利用有限元法对冷心放肩微量提拉法(SAPMAC)生长大尺寸蓝宝石单晶过程中的热应力进行了模拟计算,应用临界缺陷理论解释了裂纹的萌生与扩展机理。研究表明,晶体内的热应力主要与晶体生长速率,环境温度和结晶取向有关;较大热应力多出现在结晶界面,放肩、收尾以及直径急剧变化等位置;最大热应力总是出现在籽晶与新生晶体的界面附近。裂纹将在临界缺陷位置产生,并在应力作用下沿a或m面扩展。计算结果与实验结果基本吻合,通过晶体生长系统和生长工艺的改进,对晶体的开裂问题得到了有效的抑制。     

Optimization Design System for Composite Structures Based on Grid Technology

To solve the topology optimization of complicated multi-objective continuous/discrete design variables in aircmit structure design, a Parallel Pareto Genetic Algorithm （PPGA） is presented based on grid platform in this paper. In the algorithm, the commercial finite element analysis （FEA） software is integrated as the calculating tool for analyzing the objective functions and the filter of Pareto solution set based on weight information is introduced to deal with the relationships among all objectives. Grid technology is utilized in PPGA to realize the distributed computations and the user interface is developed to realize the job submission and job management locally/remotely. Taking the aero-elastic tailoring of a composite wing for optimization as an example, a set of Pareto solutions are obtained for the decision-maker. The numerical results show that the aileron reversal problem can be solved by adding the limited skin weight in this system. The algorithm can be used to solve complicated topology optimization for composite structures in engineering and the computation efficiency can be improved greatly by using the grid platform that aggregates numerous idle resources.