随机结构孤立特征值的统计特性

研究了随机结构的孤立特征值问题。将材料物理量的随机场扩展为K-L(Karhunen-Loeve)正交展式,采用非正交多项式混沌展式表达孤立特征值,建立了和摄动法类似的一系列确定的递推方程,并通过确定性有限元方法求解了这些递推方程,得到了特征值的均值和方差。在算例中用蒙特卡洛方法验证了本方法的正确性。     

非线性壁板颤振计算的子循环预测校正方法研究

为了解决流固耦合问题中弱耦合计算方法存在的滞后误差引起计算发散的问题, 将子循环方法与预测校正方法相结合, 使用有限元方法求解壁板动力响应, 使用Fluent求解受扰动的流场, 使用基于拉伸弹簧与扭转弹簧的动态网格方法更新流场网格, 分析了弹性壁板在超声速气流作用下的非线性动力响应, 结果表明此方法能准确预测壁板颤振的响应特性, 计算稳定性优于弱耦合方法, 可以保持长时间计算结果的稳定性.      

具有时延的漂浮基空间机器人基于泰勒级数预测、逼近的改进非线性反馈控制

 探讨了本体位置与姿态均不受控的漂浮基空间机器人在时间延迟(简称时延)情况下惯性空间轨迹跟踪的控制问题.利用拉格朗日方法并结合系统动量守恒关系,分析、建立了漂浮基空间机器人完全能控形式的系统动力学模型及运动Jacobi关系.以此为基础,针对系统存在时延的情况,利用泰勒级数预测、逼近的方法,建立了适用于时延情况下控制系统设计的数学模型.利用该模型,提出了一种空间机器人在时延情况下的改进非线性反馈控制方案.然后运用Lyapunov第二类方法,结合范数以及图形分析的方法证明了在时延情况下整个闭环控制系统的渐近稳定性.文中提到的控制方案能够有效地克服系统存在时延的影响,控制漂浮基空间机器人末端爪手跟踪惯性空间的期望轨迹.系统数值仿真结果证明了上述控制方案的有效性与精确性.     

非线性壁板颤振分析

利用一种改进的计算流体力学与计算结构动力学(CFD/CSD)耦合方法研究了由气动和结构几何非线性引起的壁板颤振问题。在非定常气动力计算中,考虑了通量分裂格式、隐式时间推进方法和几何守恒律;二维和三维壁板的结构几何非线性建模则采用了有限元的协同旋转理论,并利用一种近似能量守恒算法求解结构的非线性响应。流场和结构求解器采用二阶松耦合方法联立求解,并将其应用于壁板在超声速、跨声速和亚声速的颤振计算中。当考虑结构几何非线性和气动非线性时,出现了典型的极限环振荡现象,并对颤振边界和极限环振荡幅度进行了对比分析。     

Space time clock: An on-chip clock with 10−12 instability

High precision and stable clock is extremely important in communication and navigation. The miniaturization of the clocks is considered to be the trend to satisfy the demand for 5G and the next generation communications. Based on the concept of meter bar and the principle of the constancy of light velocity, we designed a micro clock, Space Time Clock (STC), with the size smaller than 1 mm × 1 mm and the power dissipation less than 2 mW. Designed in integrated circuit of 0.18 μm technology, the instability of STC is assessed to be 2.23 × 10^?12 and the trend of the instability is reversely proportional to τ. With the potential ability to reach the level of 10^?16 instability on chip in the future, the period of the STC’s signal is locked on the delay time defined by the meter bar which keeps the time reference constant. Because of its superior performance, the STC is more suitable for mobile communication, PNT (Positioning, Navigation and Timing), embedded processor and deep space application, and becomes the main payload of the ASRTU satellite scheduled to launch next year and investigate in space environment.     

Maximal capacity nonorthogonal pulse shape modulation

To improve spectral utilization of communication system, a novel nonorthogonal pulse shape modulation(NPSM) based on prolate spheroidal wave function(PSWF) is proposed. The modulation employs nonorthogonal PSWF pulses to transmit information and it shows a higher capacity than traditional orthogonal modulations. The NPSM capacity under the constraint of finite input alphabet, which is determined by parameters of PSWF pulse, is derived. An optimization model for maximal capacity of NPSM is constructed and an exhaustive self-adapting gradient search algorithm for the model is proposed. A practical NPSM scheme with the maximal capacity is obtained by this search algorithm and it is proved to be superior to orthogonal signaling in the capacity. Our theoretical analysis is validated by numerical simulations and practical tests, and the results show that NPSM outperforms orthogonal modulations in the capacity and has a lower Peak-to-Average Power Ratio.     

一个基于通量分裂的高精度MmB差分格式

本文研究双曲型守恒律的高精度差分方法.在新的算法中,首先将计算区间划分为互不相交的小区间,再根据精度要求等分小区间;其次,根据流动方向进行通量分裂,重构小区间交界面上的正、负数值通量,并进行校正;然后,采用高阶Runge-Kutta TVD方法进行时间离散,构造了一维非线性双曲型守恒律方程的一个高精度、高分辨率的守恒型差分格式.推广到二维双曲型守恒律方程,证明了格式的MmB特性.进而推广到二维守恒型方程组情形.最后对二维Burgers方程及Euler方程进行了数值试验,数值结果令人满意.     

一种STC电路的实现方法

本文介绍一种适合机载气象雷达的比较完善的 STC 电路的实现方法。它与现行气象雷达 STC 电路的不同之处在于:用多级不同时间常数的指数形成电路产生 STC 电压,控制变容二级管组成的电容电桥的衰减,主中放采用差分放大器。这种 STC 电路实现方法除了在 STC 范围内改变接收机的增益外,不影响整机的其它参数,本文讨论了有关电路的工作原理。     

爆震管内扰流片对爆震波影响的数值分析

为了研究扰流片对两相爆震过程中燃烧转爆震的影响,建立两相低雷诺数湍流爆震模型,应用二维粘性CE/SE方法进行数值求解。结果表明,爆震波压力计算值与实验压力值符合得较好,扰流片的存在能显著缩短燃烧转爆震的时间;且对一固定尺寸的爆震管,扰流片的片数和间距都存在最佳值,使得燃烧转爆震时间最短。     

非定常数值模拟方法的发展及其在动态绕流中的应用

基于混合通量分裂的思想,通过应用Gauss-Seidel迭代求解差分方程,构造了一种时空二阶精度、无条件稳定的隐式迭代NND算法,并讨论了时间精度与稳定性,亚迭代收敛判则,几何守恒律的应用以及动壁边界条件等相关问题.通过引入一种简便易行的加权函数来综合刚性动网格生成技术和超限插值生成动网格这两种方法的优点,发展了一种计算量小、比较实用的加权动网格生成技术.作为应用实例,本文给出了多个动态物体绕流的数值模拟算例,计算结果表明了本文数值方法的成功.     

用有限元显式算法解具有烧蚀动边界的传热问题

本文借助于运动坐标系用显式有限元算法求解烧蚀动边界的传热问题。通过坐标变换,在变换平面内确定固定的有限元结点,物理平面内对应的结点随边界的烧蚀而运动。在线性插值函数模式下温度的时间导数在三角形单元中处处相等的假设下导出有限元方程的显式计算格式。对横观各向同性材料的端头帽在再入飞行中的烧蚀和瞬时温度场的计算结果与用有限差分法计算的结果相互吻合。     

Critical phenomenon,crisis and transition to spatiotemporal chaos in plasmas

In a driven/damped drift-wave system a steady wave induces nonlinear variation of the dispersion of a perturbation wave (PW). Competition between the nonlinear dispersion with self-nonlinearity of the PW results in rich wave dynamic behaviors. In particular, a steady wave at the negative tangency slope of a hysteresis becomes unstable due to a saddle instability. It is found that such saddle steady wave (SSW) plays an important role in the discontinuous transition from a spatially coherent state to spatiotemporal chaos (STC). The transition is caused by a crisis due to a collision of the PW attactor to an unstable orbit of the SSW. In the time evolution, it is a ‘pattern resonance’ of the realized wave with the virtual SSW that triggers the crisis. The transition also displays as a critical phenomenon in parameter space, which is related to the change in the symmetry property of the motion of master mode (k = 1) of the PW with respect to that of SSW. In the spatially coherent state the former is trapped by the SSW partial wave, while in the STC it can become free from the latter, its trajectory crosses two unstable orbits of the SSW frequently, causing very turbulent behavior. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

基于CE/SE的飞机救生系统动力装置内弹道性能计算

建立某飞机救生系统动力装置套筒式内弹道物理模型,结合CE/SE方法研究粘性二维两相流的内弹道数学模型,计算其性能参数,并与试验数据进行对比。结果表明：套筒内气体压力随时间变化的试验曲线与计算曲线基本吻合,最大压力pm、出口压力pL、工作时间tL和出口速度vL等内弹道性能参数的计算值与试验值最大偏差小于5%。说明运用CE/SE的方法能更加精确的计算内弹道性能,计算具有的准确性和实用性。     

计算网格对气动力气动热数值模拟影响的研究

以二维圆柱钝头超声速流场为研究对象,应用计算流体力学方法研究了计算网格在气动力及气动热数值模拟中的影响.计算程序中对流项、扩散项分别采用AUSM格式和中心差分格式离散,并用多步Runge-Kutta显式时间推进法求解空间离散后的控制方程.计算结果表明,壁面法向第一层网格间距、网格长宽比以及扩张度等因素都会对壁面摩阻、热流的计算产生影响,尤其是壁面法向第一层网格间距影响最为突出.边界层的计算结果与实验数据进行了仔细对比,包括壁面压力分布,摩阻系数Cf分布,斯坦顿数St分布等.高马赫数滞止气流导致壁面附近产生巨大速度梯度以及温度梯度,这些梯度的准确计算需要合适的壁面法向第一层网格间距以及合理的网格长宽比、扩张度.     

一种MWENO谱体积(SVMWENO5)格式

构造一种新的谱体积(spectral volume)格式来求解双曲型守恒律,记为SVMWENO5(Spectral Volume method byMulti-Weighted Essentially Non-Oscillatory)格式。其主要思想是:第一步,将空间计算区域划分为一系列单元,称为谱体积,等分每个谱体积为一些子单元,称为控制体积(control volume)。第二步,在谱体积内部采用类似MWENO5(Multi-Weighted Essentially Non-Oscillatory)的格式进行重构,而在谱体积的边界处采用传统WENO5格式进行处理。第三步,利用Runge-Kutta TVD离散方法对半离散格式进行时间离散,得到时空一致高精度全离散格式。最后,在文中给出几个经典数值算例用以验证本格式的计算能力。     

有限元的一种并行算法及实现

当前,由于有限元素法大都使用串行算法,处理时间较长。本文根据有限元素法的特点和采用的并行计算机结构,提出了一种并行有限元算法,能大大提高其处理速度,加快处理周期。且算法简单,实现方便。     

三维机翼可压缩层湍流边界层计算

 从三维时间相依可压缩边界层动量积分方程和平均流动能积分方程出发,将二维可压缩层、湍流边界层积分方程算法推广到求解有限翼展后掠机翼的边界层流动。利用四步Runge-Kutta时间步进方案数值求解积分方程组,并利用当地时间步长加速迭代收敛。文中分析了数值方法的稳定性与收敛性,并考查了横向耗散项对计算结果的影响。算例表明,能获得令人满意的三维机翼定常可压缩层、湍流边界层的计算结果。     

Iterative Optimal Orthogonalization of the Strapdown Matrix

This paper treats the problem of finding an orthogonal matrix which is the closest, in the Forbenius norm, to a given nonorthogonal matrix. This nonorthogonal matrix is the result of a fast but rather inaccurate computation of the well-known direction cosine matrix (DCM) of a strapdown inertial navigation system. The known closed-form solution to this problem is rederived using the directional derivative method, and the conditions for minimum distance are derived and discussed. A new iterative technique for solving this problem is derived as a result of the application of the gradient projection technique and the directional derivative method. The practical computational problems involved in this technique are discussed. The new technique is demonstrated by three examples. Although particular attention is given to the 3 X 3 direction cosine matrix, the conclusions are nonetheless valid higher order matries.     

叶轮机械中间隙流与通道二次流相互作用的数值研究

采用数值解法对一压气机静叶栅中叶顶泄漏流与通道二次流的相互作用进行研究 ,详细揭示了在顶部区通道涡、泄漏涡及分离涡的生成和发展。结果表明 ,由于泄漏流动与通道二次流动的方向正好相反 ,适量的泄漏流动可以在一定程度上起到削弱通道涡强度、改善顶部区流动状况的作用。     

A multi-aircraft conflict detection and resolution method for 4-dimensional trajectory-based operation

Conflict Detection and Resolution(CDR) is the key to ensure aviation safety based on Trajectory Prediction(TP). Uncertainties that affect aircraft motions cause difficulty in an accurate prediction of the trajectory, especially in the context of four-dimensional(4D) Trajectory-Based Operation(4DTBO), which brings the uncertainty of pilot intent. This study draws on the idea of time geography, and turns the research focus of CDR from TP to an analysis of the aircraft reachable space constrained by 4D waypoint constraints. The concepts of space–time reachability of aircraft and space–time potential conflict space are proposed. A novel pre-CDR scheme for multiple aircraft is established. A key advantage of the scheme is that the uncertainty of pilot intent is accounted for via a Space-Time Prism(STP) for aircraft. Conflict detection is performed by verifying whether the STPs of aircraft intersect or not, and conflict resolution is performed by planning a conflict-free space–time trajectory avoiding intersection. Numerical examples are presented to validate the efficiency of the proposed scheme.