荫罩孔径透过率自动测量系统的设计与实现

介绍一种双处理机三轴方式的全自动荫罩孔径透过率自动测量装置 ,给出了系统的设计方案与实现方法。     

先进雷达罩修理

由于越来越多的飞机安装了预测风切变雷达，因而雷达信号对蜂窝夹芯的雷达罩的透过率始终有很高的要求。为保证高透过率，检查雷达罩时必须采用先进的测试技术，每当损伤位置确定后，需采用专用的材料并按特殊工艺程序修理。     

红外辐射大气透过率的工程计算

针对现有红外辐射大气透过率经验计算公式不适用于高层大气的局限性，对其进行了重新推导并引入了高度修正，修正后的公式可用于计算任意高度路程上的大气透过率，修正所需大气光学特性参数全部可查相关手册获得。此外，还设计了适合于计算倾斜路径上大气透过率的计算流程，并给出了计算实例。     

基于大气传输软件激光透过率对比研究

简要地归纳了目前比较通用的大气传输软件LOWTRAN7、MODTRAN和FASCODE的概况和异同,分析了大气透过率的计算和激光武器选用的波长,比较了激光传输衰减和能见度的关系,重点研究对比了用LOWTRAN7和FASCODE计算1．06μm和10．6μm激光的透过率,并得出了结论。     

全息测量理论分析中颗粒模型的建立

 在激光全息测量中常出现液体颗粒,液体颗粒可近似看作半透明球体。这种球体对入射光存在折射、衍射、反射、吸收和杂质对入射光波的衰减作用等影响。首先将颗粒作为高象差的球形透镜求出其焦距,再由等焦距和等光程条件找出与球形透镜等价的薄透镜。以薄透镜考虑颗粒的折射及衍射作用,可导出透明颗粒复振幅透过率函数。对于半透明颗粒存在的反射、吸收及衰减作用则在复振幅透过率函数中用综合透光率加以修正。     

激光对红外制导反舰导弹的干扰与损伤分析

计算了激光斜程传输时的大气透过率,研究了激光对光电探测器的干扰和破坏。以1.06μm激光辐照PV型HgCdTe红外探测器为例,估算了对远距离红外制导反舰导弹实现有效干扰所需发射的激光能量,从理论上证明了低能量激光对红外制导反舰导弹的干扰与损伤的可行性。     

应用DSMC方法研究烟幕颗粒的撞击扩散特性

为研究烟幕撞击喷撒过程中颗粒的扩散特性,依据颗粒碰撞动力学理论,建立了烟幕撞击扩散动力学模型,采用直接模拟Monte Carlo方法进行数值模拟,分析了气相流场、烟幕颗粒速度场及其浓度分布规律。结果表明,DSMC方法能够有效的模拟烟幕颗粒的运动与碰撞过程;烟幕射流碰撞后发生转向,其速度减弱约65%~75%,以近似球顶锥体的形态逐步向外扩散;烟幕浓度的极大值集中在射流及碰撞区,在此区域外,烟幕颗粒的碰撞效应减弱,随机扩散作用使烟幕的浓度梯度随高度增加迅速减小,烟幕颗粒的空间分布也变得更加均匀。     

重力作用下的粒子扩散模型及数值模拟

建立了粒子在重力、流体阻力和随机力作用下的烟幕扩散模型,测试了某种纳米碳纤维材料在烟幕箱里的扩散,利用线性回归分析估计了测试光路上的质量浓度,计算了烟幕的沉降速率。分别用本文建立的模型和随机游走模型模拟了该材料在烟幕箱里的扩散过程,模拟计算得到的质量浓度和沉降速率表明,本文建立的模型所模拟的结果更接近于实际测量结果。     

基于均值漂移无味粒子滤波的地面运动目标变结构交互多模型跟踪(英文)

为了跟踪地面运动目标,本文提出在变结构交互多模型基础上使用均值漂移无味粒子滤波的算法。模型滤波中,通过均值漂移将无味粒子滤波产生的采样粒子向目标状态最大后验密度估计方向移动。"停止"模型基础上,提出了"遮蔽"模型:出现地形遮蔽时,使用上一时刻的预测代替下一时刻的测量,且保持道路模型与遮蔽前一致。仿真实验采用地面运动目标指示雷达,考虑地面运动目标的三种常见场景:进入或离开道路、经过道路交叉点以及无测量值。使用了RMSE和ANEES两种评价指标,实验结果表明本文算法有效地提高了目标改变行驶道路时的跟踪精度;且目标速度过低或被遮蔽时,可以避免轨迹中断。     

大涡PIV方法测量水平矩形槽道内湍流耗散率

湍能耗散率的准确测量对工程实际和湍流的理论研究都有着重要的意义。以往的研究多是基于单点速度测量来估算单点的湍能耗散率或者有限体积内的平均值，而不能提供整个流场范围内的耗散率的分布情况。PIV能够测量瞬时流场的速度分布情况，它更适合于用来测量整个流场内的耗散率分布。本文分析了PIV测量得到的速度与单点测量方法之间的关系，提出了大涡PIV方法，运用大涡模拟中的亚网格尺度(SCS)应力模型，对PIV测量结果进行处理得到了水平槽道内的耗散率的分布。对采用不同SCS模型的结果以及量纲分析的结果进行了比较。     

基于遗传算法的大展弦比复合材料机翼结构优化设计

结构减重是飞机设计的一个重要目标,采用复合材料代替金属材料以及对结构进行优化设计可以达到减重的效果。针对一个大展弦比复合材料机翼,采用遗传算法,通过Matlab调用Patran进行建模分析,以结构强度、刚度为约束条件,同时对翼梁位置和复合材料铺层进行优化设计;根据实际工艺要求建立复合材料铺层库,以解决复合材料铺层变量过多的问题。结果表明:本文提出的优化方法有效,对工程设计有较大的指导意义;复合材料铺层库在其他涉及复合材料铺层优化的问题中也具有广泛的应用前景。     

微波系统的圆极化轴比测量精度分析

微波天线和馈源系统的圆极化测量轴比与测试方法、测试附件的传输及反射特性有关，本文讨论了失配微波系统的圆极化轴比测量精度的分析与计算方法，并针对工程中常见的一些情况进行了分析与讨论。     

SAR干扰效果研究

研究了对干扰前不同图像质量的合成孔径雷达(SAR)的干扰效果问题。从干扰前SAR图像质量指标积分旁瓣比(ISLR)入手,提出等效信干比的概念,建立积分旁瓣比与等效信干比的关系,分析等效信干比与发现概率、错误概率的关系,最后确定不同图像质量所对应的所需信干比。     

多种材料双层 EFP数值仿真对比研究

以双层药型罩形成的串联爆炸成型弹丸（EFP）为研究对象，运用数值仿真软件AUTODYN，对不同材料组成的双层药型罩产生的串联EFP成型与侵彻靶板过程进行数值模拟计算。通过比较双层EFP形状、速度、长径比、动能等参数，得出内外罩材料冲击阻抗之差对于双层EFP侵彻能力的影响，其侵彻能力最强的材料组合为外钽内铝组合。     

单站测量子弹姿态的可行性分析及处理

主要针对利用单站高速像机测得的子弹图像，通过对测量环境和测量目标的分析，利用被测目标是轴对称体和外形物理尺寸已知的特点，得出利用目标和像的长宽比可以求解目标的三维姿态，给出了三维姿态和空间速度的求解公式。同时对影响测量精度的几个因素进行了分析，最后给出了具体的处理结果。     

The Juno Radiation Monitoring (RM) Investigation

The Radiation Monitoring Investigation of the Juno Mission will actively retrieve and analyze the noise signatures from penetrating radiation in the images of Juno’s star cameras and science instruments at Jupiter. The investigation’s objective is to profile Jupiter’s \(>10\mbox{-MeV}\) electron environment in regions of the Jovian magnetosphere which today are still largely unexplored. This paper discusses the primary instruments on Juno which contribute to the investigation’s data suite, the measurements of camera noise from penetrating particles, spectral sensitivities and measurement ranges of the instruments, calibrations performed prior to Juno’s first science orbit, and how the measurements may be used to infer the external relativistic electron environment.     

The low-energy neutral atom imager for IMAGE

The `Imager for Magnetosphere-to-Aurora Global Exploration (IMAGE) will be launched early in the year 2000. It will be the first mission dedicated to imaging, with the capability to determine how the magnetosphere changes globally in response to solar storm effects in the solar wind, on time scales as short as a few minutes. The low energy neutral atom (LENA) imager uses a new atom-to-negative ion surface conversion technology to image the neutral atom flux and measure its composition (H and O) and energy distribution (10 to 750 eV). LENA uses electrostatic optics techniques for energy (per charge) discrimination and carbon foil time-of-flight techniques for mass discrimination. It has a 90°×° field-of-view in 12 pixels, each nominally 8°×°. Spacecraft spin provides a total field-of-view of 90°×360°, comprised of 12×45 pixels. LENA is designed to image fast neutral atom fluxes in its energy range, emitted by auroral ionospheres or the sun, or penetrating from the interstellar medium. It will thereby determine how superthermal plasma heating is distributed in space, how and why it varies on short time scales, and how this heating is driven by solar activity as reflected in solar wind conditions.     

Ultra-wideband ground-penetrating radar for the detection of buriedmetallic mines

The suitability of ultra-wideband ground-penetrating radar as a tool for the detection of buried metallic mines is explored in this paper. The analysis centers around a 200-800 MHz, dual-polarized ground penetrating radar (GPR) designed and built by SRI International. The analysis consisted of fusing the images from the dual polarizations into a single image to enhance the target objects and suppress clutter. Results are shown for several variations of a Mahalanobis-based fusion technique, and “soft decision” minefield detection results based upon Monte Carlo statistical techniques are also presented. Although relatively few scenes were analyzed, these results show that the dual-polarized GPR is potentially very effective at finding buried mines and minefields     

收缩比对RBCC进气道影响数值研究

为研究火箭基组合循环发动机(Rocket Based Combined Cycle,RBCC)进气道隔离段内激波串传播规律,本文利用数值模拟研究分析了在高、低反压作用下收缩比变化对激波串驻留位置及流动分离区范围的影响,并进一步开展了收缩比对进气道气动性能影响的仿真研究。研究结果表明：在承受额定反压作用下,进气道收缩比存在临界值,在临界值下提高收缩比能显著增强进气道抗反压能力,并影响激波串驻留位置。在临界值上提高收缩比对进气道抗反压能力无明显作用,进气道流动状态不受收缩比变化的影响。此外,提高收缩比能显著提高被捕获冲压空气流所承受的压缩程度,但会承受额外的空气流量损失和气动阻力。     

The Thermal Ion Dynamics Experiment and Plasma Source Instrument

The Thermal Ion Dynamics Experiment (TIDE) and the Plasma Source Instrument (PSI) have been developed in response to the requirements of the ISTP Program for three-dimensional (3D) plasma composition measurements capable of tracking the circulation of low-energy (0–500 eV) plasma through the polar magnetosphere. This plasma is composed of penetrating magnetosheath and escaping ionospheric components. It is in part lost to the downstream solar wind and in part recirculated within the magnetosphere, participating in the formation of the diamagnetic hot plasma sheet and ring current plasma populations. Significant obstacles which have previously made this task impossible include the low density and energy of the outflowing ionospheric plasma plume and the positive spacecraft floating potentials which exclude the lowest-energy plasma from detection on ordinary spacecraft. Based on a unique combination of focusing electrostatic ion optics and time of flight detection and mass analysis, TIDE provides the sensitivity (seven apertures of 1 cm² effective area each) and angular resolution (6°×18°) required for this purpose. PSI produces a low energy plasma locally at the POLAR spacecraft that provides the ion current required to balance the photoelectron current, along with a low temperature electron population, regulating the spacecraft potential slightly positive relative to the space plasma. TIDE/PSI will: (a) measure the density and flow fields of the solar and terrestrial plasmas within the high polar cap and magnetospheric lobes; (b) quantify the extent to which ionospheric and solar ions are recirculated within the distant magnetotail neutral sheet or lost to the distant tail and solar wind; (c) investigate the mass-dependent degree energization of these plasmas by measuring their thermodynamic properties; (d) investigate the relative roles of ionosphere and solar wind as sources of plasma to the plasma sheet and ring current.Deceased.