Programmed-Amplitude Binary Signaling with Decision and Information Feedback

A sequential detection scheme with combined decision and information feedbacks, where the signal amplitude at each iteration may be properly programmed, is analyzed. This approach allows a remarkable gain in transmission rate and a significant reduction in the peak-to-average power ratio, relative to the nonsequential scheme with constant signal amplitude.     

Phase-Locked-Loop Detection of Binary PSK Signals Utilizing Decision Feedback

A modified quadrature channel phase-locked-loop demodulator for binary phase-shift-keyed signals is presented. The modification, called decision feedback, is a practical implementation of decisiondirected channel measurement. Noise analyses are carried out for both additive and phase noise. An optimum loop filter is derived and the analyses include determination of probability of error for the system. The results of an analog simulation of the decision feedback technique are also included.     

Noisy Feedback in a Binary Sequential Communication Scheme

The effects of a noisy feedback channel on a communication system with the decision and information feedback proposed as by Mancianti et al. are described. Expressions for the expected transmitted energy per symbol, expected decision time, and receiver's error probability are derived in terms of the error probability Pef over the noisy information channel. Because of the complexity of exact calculations, we have analyzed in detail only the case of two repetitions per symbol. Then, in order to give a general picture of the system performance, the asymptotic behavior has been examined.     

Energy Minimization of M-Ary Orthogonal Signals in Communication Systems with Feedback

A communication system with a feedback channel which makes use of orthogonal M-ary signals is considered. The problem of its optimization, by setting a maximum time Tm to decide, is analyzed particularly so that the average energy per bit required to obtain a pre-fixed probability of error results as a minimum. The results, shown on graphs, allow one to evaluate the maximum decision time Tm and, afterwards, the maximum transmission rate.     

Execute Command in Space Communications

Two types of feedback systems for a command channel are described. a) Complex Feedback?where, for each command, an identification is relayed back over the feedback channel. b) Decision Feedback?where the feedback channel is used only to state whether the satellite recognized the transmission as a command word. For a), the decision as to whether a command was properly received at the satellite is made on the ground, while for b), the decision is made at the satellite, the only purpose of the feedback channel being to cause the ground station to retransmit the command word if the satellite did not recognize the initial transmission. The decision feedback system then amounts to a one-way channel, since the satellite makes a decision after the initial transmission as to whether or not a command word was sent. If the transmitted command word is interpreted as a command, whether correct or not, the ground station has no further control. The following theorem is proved rigorously: ``It is always possible to specify a decision feedback system which gives the same error performance as a given complex feedback system.'     

Optimal Decision Fusion in Multiple Sensor Systems

The problem of optimal data fusion in the sense of the Neyman-pearson (N-P) test in a centralized fusion center is considered. The fusion center receives data from various distributed sensors. Each sensor implements a N-P test individually and independently of the other sensors. Due to limitations in channel capacity, the sensors transmit their decision instead of raw data. In addition to their decisions, the sensors may transmit one or more bits of quality information. The optimal, in the N-P sense, decision scheme at the fusion center is derived and it is seen that an improvement in the performance of the system beyond that of the most reliable sensor is feasible, even without quality information, for a system of three or more sensors. If quality information bits are also available at the fusion center, the performance of the distributed decision scheme is comparable to that of the centralized N-P test. Several examples are provided and an algorithm for adjusting the threshold level at the fusion center is provided.     

利用飞轮的航天器姿态跟踪与能量存储

研究航天器集成能量与姿态控制系统中飞轮的控制律。系统中飞轮是姿态控制的执行机构,同时也是储能装置。首先利用Lyapunov方法设计了航天器姿态跟踪的反馈控制律,然后研究一种力矩形式的飞轮控制律。利用奇异值分解方法把飞轮组的控制力矩向量分解为3部分相互正交的力矩向量,一部分用来提供姿态控制力矩,一部分用来以给定的功率储能,另一部分完成轮速平衡以避免由于各飞轮轮速差异过大引起的飞轮饱和。提出了一种基于动能反馈的储能功率规划方案来保证系统的能量平衡,可以避免由于过剩能量引起的飞轮饱和。数值仿真结果验证了控制方案的有效性。     

非对称衰落信道下无人机中继传输方案及性能分析

 无人机(UAV)作为中继传输平台受到了国内外研究人员的广泛关注。本文研究了非对称衰落信道下的无人机中继传输系统,提出了输出信噪比最大化准则下的波束形成(BF)优化方案,并推导出系统中断概率、遍历容量和平均误符号率等无线通信系统主要性能指标的理论表达式。通过计算机仿真验证了本文提出的中继传输方案及性能分析的正确性,并定量分析了天线数量、信道参数以及功率分配对系统性能的影响,为无人机中继传输系统的设计及性能评估提供了参考和依据。     

FSO链路中基于平均信噪比的自适应功率传输技术

文章提出了 1种基于平均信噪比(Signal-to-Noise Ratio,SNR)的自适应功率传输技术,旨在补偿大气湍流引起的闪烁效应,以提升自由空间光(Free-Space Optical,FSO)通信系统的性能。在无需大气湍流状态信息估计的情况下,根据接收信号的平均 SNR来调整发射信号的发射功率,实现基于自适应功率传输技术的大气湍流效应补偿。建立了不同湍流强度下具有不同噪声水平的信道模型,并将所提出的技术与固定阈值判决(Fixed Threshold Deci-sion,FTD)和自适应阈值判决(Adaptive Threshold Decision,ATD)技术进行了比较分析。仿真结果表明,在不同的湍流强度下,该技术的误码率(Bit Error Rate,BER)性能相较于 FTD有了显著的提高,并且接近于 ATD。因此,该技术可以有效提高 FSO链路的通信能力。     

Now You See It, Now You Don't

The signal enhancement properties of a single-loop delayline integrator (DLI) are derived for operation in the presence of correlated noise. The signal is assumed periodic with a period equal to the delay of the DLI and present only for a finite time interval. The noise is assumed additive, zero mean, statistically independent from the signal, and present for an infinite time. The noise also is assumed covariance stationary with a specified auto correlation function. Enhancement is defined as the ratio of the increase in average signal power to the increase in average noise power due to integration. The results are general in that the enhancement is derived in terms of the autocorrelation coefficients of the input noise. Plots of enhancement versus number of signal observations and feedback gain are shown for uncorrelated and exponentially correlated noise. The plots show graphically the optimum choices of feedback gain and number of signal observations for a specified auto correlation function and signal observation time. When strongly correlated noise, characteristic of 10-GHz backscatter from salt flats at low incidence angles, rather than uncorrelated noise is assumed present at the input of the DLI, an example, using DLI parameters typical of modern airborne radars, shows a degradation in the maximum achievable enhancement of 9 dB.     

基于模糊模式识别的电力远动通道监控系统

分析了电力远动通道监控系统的现状,为解决其不足之处提出了一种电力远动通道监控的新方案.采用了一种基于模糊模式识别的综合评判远动通道通信质量的方法来实现对远动通道的监控,并详细论述了方案中模糊模式识别模型的建立,同时给出了系统的实现方案.在实际应用中表明,该系统能够有效地解决目前监控系统存在的不足,为电力远动通道监控开辟了新途径.     

超声速氩气流磁流体发电初步实验研究(英文)

利用激波风洞,采用氦气驱动氩气,在平衡接触面运行方式下得到高温气体,通过在低压段注入电离种子K2CO3粉末,实现高温条件下导电流体的产生,开展了超声速氩气流磁流体功率提取初步实验研究。在喷管入口总压0.32MPa、总温6504K,磁场强度约0.5T、喷管出口气流速度1959m/s的条件下,对分段磁流体功率提取通道电极的感应电压和短路电流进行了测量,实验测量结果与理论计算相吻合,并由电压电流计算得出了平均电导率约20S/m左右,在负载系数为0.5的情况下,磁流体功率提取通道最大的功率密度可达4.7971MW/m3,最大焓提取率为0.34%。最后分析并给出了气体状态参数T1,M1,T2,M2的测试原理与方法。     

一种改进的多址接入协议

提出了一种改进的多址接入协议,详细介绍了该协议,并对其进行了仿真。仿真结果表明,与原协议相比,改进协议可以提供较高的信道吞吐量以及较低的平均报文时延、平均报文碰撞率和控制开销。     

不可压湍流平均流与拟序流的各向异性模式理论及其数值验证

使用侧偏统计平均方法理性推导了不可压湍流的封闭方程组。侧偏统计平均提供了湍流脉动量的一阶统计信息,在引入加权漂移速度对称性及正交各向异性后,导出了漂移流的连续方程、动量方程及能量方程,最后依据湍流物理的唯象论,使用动量传输链概念模化封闭了整个方程组。方程组不含任何经验系数,保留了N- S方程的均化的非线性特性。其级数形式的能量方程与非线性现象多尺度层次现象相对应,具备了描述湍流统计平均流动及拟序结构流动的双重功能。      

一种变输入参数结构的多控制器协调工作设计

1引言随着航空发动机的发展,其控制系统的复杂程度不断提高[1],多个控制器组成的控制系统中,各个控制器如何协调工作的问题已越来越突出[2,3]。通过对具体航空发动机控制系统的仿真,发现问题主要集中在两个方面,一是备份控制器接替工作时其累积的输出误差很大,在短时间内无法迅     

Feedback Transmission of Binary Data with Automaton Receiver

Feedback transmission of binary data over a discrete-time additive Gaussian white noise channel is considered. The effect of some specific finite memory structure at the receiver is investigated. The whole communication scheme is the discrete analog of the one previously analyzed by Khas'minskii. The resulting average transmission time is increased by only about 20 percent of the theoretical limit in the low signal-to-noise ratio region. Numerical results are also shown.     

Decision fusion rules in multi-hop wireless sensor networks

The decision fusion problem for a wireless sensor network (WSN) operating in a fading environment is considered. In particular, we develop channel-aware decision fusion rules for resource-constrained WSNs where binary decisions from local sensors may need to be relayed through multi-hop transmission in order to reach a fusion center. Each relay node employs a binary relay scheme whereby the relay output is inferred from the channel impaired observation received from its source node. This estimated binary decision is subsequently transmitted to the next node until it reaches the fusion center. Under a flat fading channel model, we derive the optimum fusion rules at the fusion center for two cases. In the first case, we assume that the fusion center has knowledge of the fading channel gains at all hops. In the second case, we assume a Rayleigh fading model, and derive fusion rules utilizing only the fading channel statistics. We show that likelihood ratio (LR) based optimum decision fusion statistics for both cases reduce to respective simple linear test statistics in the low channel signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) regime. These suboptimum detectors are easy to implement and require little a priori information. Performance evaluation, including a study of the robustness of the fusion statistics with respect to unknown system parameters, is conducted through simulations.     

频率选择性衰落信道DS-CDMA无人机中继通信系统航迹规划

无人机中继通信是实现远距离无线通信的一种重要技术手段，无人机的飞行航迹对无人机中继通信系统的链路传输可靠性存在显著的影响，在频率选择性衰落信道环境下研究了基于直序列码分多址（DS-CDMA）的无人机中继通信系统的航迹优化的问题。首先，给出了基于DS-CDMA的译码转发无人机中继通信系统的模型，并理论分析给出无人机中继通信系统的链路中断概率及平均误码率计算公式，以此为基础，基于链路中断概率最小化准则提出了中继无人机的航迹规划方法，最后通过仿真验证了所提出方法的正确性与有效性。研究表明：最大比值合并DS-CDMA无人机中继通信系统可充分获取频率选择性衰落信道提供的分集增益，显著改善链路传输的可靠性。     

Achieving the capacity of half-duplex degraded relay channels using polar coding

In this paper, a novel transmission protocol based on polar coding is proposed for the half-duplex degraded relay channel. In the proposed protocol, referred to as the partial message relaying, the relay only needs to forward a part of the decoded source message that the destination needs according to the exquisite nested structure of polar codes. Theoretically, it is proved that the scheme can achieve the capacity of the half-duplex relay channel under the decode-and-forward （DF） cooperation strategy while enjoying low encoding/decoding complexity. Practically, in order to minimize the global transmission power, the optimization of the power allocation is performed between the source and the relay by using information theoretic tools. Furthermore, a joint iterative soft parallel interference cancellation receiver structure is developed to suit to the proposed scheme. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme outperforms the conventional scheme designed by low-density parity-check （LDPC） codes.     

A New Exposed-terminal-free MAC Protocol for Multi-hop Wireless Networks

This article presents a new multichannel medium access control (MAC) protocol to solve the exposed-terminal (ET) problem for efficient channel sharing in multi-hop wireless networks. It uses request-to-send and clear-to-send (RTS/CTS) dialogue on a common channel and flexibly opts for conflict-free traffic channels to carry out the data packet transmission on the basis of a new channel selection scheme. The acknowledgment (ACK) packet for the data packet transmission is sent back to the sender over another common channel thus completely eliminating the exposed-terminal effects. Any adjacent communication pair can take full advantage of multiple traffic channels without collision and the spatial reuse of the same channel is extended to other communication pairs which are even within 2 hops from them. In addition, the hidden-terminal effect is also considerably reduced because most of possible packet collisions on a single channel are avoided due to traffic load balance on multichannels. Finally, a performance comparison is made between the proposed protocol and other typical MAC protocols. Simulation results evidence its obvious superiority to the MAC protocols associated with other channel selection schemes and traditional ACK transmission scheme as well as cooperative asynchronous multichannel MAC (CAM-MAC) protocol in terms of four performance indices: total channel utilization, average channel utilization, average packet delay, and packet dropping rate.