Next generation functional test program development system

While superior-quality functional board test has been a goal for most high reliability electronics manufacturers, the time and effort for generating such test programs using today's tools and processes makes this difficult to achieve in a cost effective manner. This paper will introduce a revolutionary approach to functional board test program development that combines the comprehensiveness of software-based simulation with the speed and simplicity of hardware emulation. The result is a functional Test Program Set development system that can produce high fault coverage, diagnostic test programs in a fraction of the time it takes using traditional techniques, and at a lower unit cost. In this paper we will first provide a brief background on the strengths and weaknesses of current software and hardware TPS development techniques-simulation hot mock-up. Next, the new approach is described in detail and contrasted against the existing techniques. Finally, actual experience to date using a prototyped system is presented     

基于PC机的边界扫描测试实现

在介绍边界扫描测试基本原理的基础上,讨论了基于 PC 机的边界扫描测试系统的设计及其原则,包括总线、软件、测试生成算法等问题。     

边界扫描技术及其应用

边界扫描技术是一种应用于数字集成电路器件的标准化可测试性设计方法,它提供了对电路板上元件的功能、互连及相互间影响进行测试的一种新方案,极大地方便了系统电路的测试。介绍了支持JTAG标准的IC芯片结构,并以PC机作为平台,利用边界扫描技术对某飞控计算机系统中的CPU电路板进行测试,实现了该电路板的可测性设计,体现了边界扫描技术对于芯片互连故障测试检验效率高,控制简单方便,易于实现的优越性。     

边界扫描结构和IEEE 1149.1标准

介绍了边界扫描的基本结构、边界扫描测试操作流程、测试接口和IEEE1149.1标准规定的数据寄存器和指令寄存器,以及IEEE1149.1标准规定必须的3个指令。     

The FAA's new lithium battery technical standard misses the mark

For the first time in seventeen years, there is to be a new lithium battery standard for aviation. In 1990, the Radio Technical Commission for Aeronautics (RTCA) struck a committee to write a new standard to cover the variety of lithium batteries that would find use in aircraft equipment. In June 1995, the RTCA published its MOPS for Lithium Batteries, RTCA Document No. RTCAiDO-227. The FAA will adopt the MOPS as the new TSO at the completion of the sixty-day response period after publication in the Federal Register. It would then become the new standard in the US. It would almost certainly be adopted here in Canada, and affect civil aviation worldwide. Some possible problems with the standard are discussed     

航空发动机电子控制系统的小型化SIP技术

针对电子装备小型化的需求,开展了对航空发动机电子控制系统的系统级封装(SIP)技术研究.以一个航空发动机电子控制系统设计为例,采用芯片堆叠结构,将多个裸芯片管脚用键合线引至电路衬底上的连接点,辅以印制板电路,构成完整的电路系统.通过设计优化和信号完整性仿真分析来控制信号质量,试验验证了在保证电路板信号质量的情况下,采用SIP技术,面积缩小约80%,质量减少约70%.研究显示系统级封装技术是未来航空电子控制系统小型化、高可靠的发展方向之一.      

基于CPCI架构航天器测试设备的故障诊断设计与实现

基于CPCI总线架构的航天器测试设备可以实现模块化、集成化和通用化设计,有利于测试系统的再次开发、直接沿用以及后续维护.某型号的综合电子和控制分系统地面测试设备采用基于CPCI总线的架构,使用VxWorks操作系统作为核心调度,采取模块化FPGA开发接口和特定功能.提出以监听任务、功能模块、板卡运行时间为检测手段,实现了对系统测试设备故障的诊断,尤其是反作用轮转速模块,软件能自主进行故障处理.在分系统及整星测试的使用过程中,此方法有效提高了设备的可靠度,提高了对星上产品的安全保护,保证整星大型试验的连续可靠运行.此方法对于其他地面测试设备的故障诊断具有一定的借鉴作用.     

某管理计算机便携式测试设备的设计与实现

针对某管理计算机的测试要求,设计了一种高效快速,并且能够同时测试两台管理计算机的便携式测试设备.文章主要从硬件组成和软件的系统结构方面阐述了设计的思路和实现方法,介绍了测试设备的工作原理和板卡选型,同时也给出了结构设计方面的考虑;软件采用C和VB做为开发语言,VB具有良好的人机界面.该测试设备的研制对实现某管理计算机小批量生产的快速测试和外场的维护测试提供了有利的工具.     

基于JTAG的模块测试方法

简要阐述了边界扫描测试的基本用途,介绍了边界扫描的结构及特点;分析了JTAG的命令和使用方法、测试向量的生成方法;最后给出三个应用实例:使用JTAG对单个器件的测试,互连测试和对器件编程。     

边界扫描JTAG控制器设计及实现

从边界扫描测试的概念、工作原理和基本结构入手,分析并设计了边界扫描JTAG控制器,以具体的芯片和指令为例,通过 JTAG 控制器实现了对芯片的边界扫描测试功能,为进一步展开嵌入式边界扫描测试研究工作提供了依据。     

Continuing challenges in lithium battery development

In these days of emphasizing standardization, Acquisition Reform, Non-Developed Items (NDI) and Commercial-Off-The-Shelf (COTS) technologies, we are facing new challenges associated with these trends. Program managers are pressured to use a standard or COTS battery, while simultaneously, the new systems being developed have increasingly complex and demanding power requirements. Hardware must be developed with shorter schedules, and policies of Acquisition Reform limit the amount of control the government has over the development of a given item. In this paper, we review battery development efforts that have resulted in unexpected problems. Relevant data from both current and past test programs are presented. Recommendations are provided concerning how to best avoid duplication of effort, while ensuring that the final product will have the best chances of succeeding     

Software architecture for building

Test system developers can benefit greatly from a software architecture that allows for easy interchangeability of instruments in those systems. Using open industry standard software architectures such as Virtual Instrument Software Architecture (VISA), and Interchangeable Virtual Instruments (IVI), developers are able to create systems with interchangeable test instrumentation. This paper describes the VISA and IVI software standards and demonstrates how their use within a broader software architecture, which includes standard development environments and flexible test executive software, facilitates the creation of interchangeable test systems     

新一代战斗机全机地面强度试验技术

介绍了全机地面强度试验及验证要求，分析了试验的新问题和新挑战。通过试验顶层规划，采用全新设计模式、先进的加载技术，从试验的边界条件、综合平台、动力系统、测量与控制、损伤检测与监测等方面制定了总体技术方案。研究并应用了全硬式单侧双向加载技术、试验综合平台设计技术、试验边界条件模拟技术、动力系统设计技术等多项新技术，提高了设计效率、加快了试验实施速度、提升了试验安全性和可靠性。这些新技术在新一代战斗机多架次全机静力/疲劳试验中成功应用，结果表明各试验系统安全、可靠，达到了试验要求和预期试验目标，实现了全机地面强度试验技术的跨越式进步，技术成果为后续型号试验提供了较高参考价值。     

Nanotechnology's impact on aircraft design and maintenance

Unique research efforts relating to the development of nanoscale devices to replace standard integrated circuits, and eventually entire electronic systems. Standard integrated circuits (IC) have limitations or restrictions in size, speed, reliability, complexity and finding suitable replacements for discontinued items. Nanoscale device development and understanding has dramatically grown. One of the key properties of quantum physics that quantum computers rely on is the ability of certain atoms or nuclei to work together as quantum bits. These computing devices are a fraction of the size of typical ICs (nanoscale). Nanoscale devices developed using quantum physics principles have unlimited potential to revolutionize the methods and design of fabricated printed circuit cards and complete systems. They can replace an entire PC board or the set of PC boards that comprise a Line Replaceable Unit (LRU). This would be a good and practical jumping-off point to going directly to the complete device, system, or function level. This might include a nanoscale computer (general purpose or flight control), transmitter, GPS receiver, position and/or attitude sensors in either a stand-alone configuration, or combined within conventional devices (e.g., a nanoscale communications suite (xmtr/rcvr, etc.)) encapsulated within the Plexiglas canopy or the control yoke of an F16 rather than behind the instrument panel or maybe the whole comm suite into the pilot's helmet.     

基于在线调试的串口通信协议测试方法

以测试某型数据传输数字地图子系统中数字地图生成模块软件的RS485通信协议为例,提出了两种基于在线调试的串口通信协议的测试方法。这两种方法不仅简单易行地解决了某些测试环境中无法利用串口调试工具进行串口通信协议测试的问题,还为软件测试领域提出了一种通过在线调试技术解决问题的思路。     

跨声速风洞调节片式二喉道中心体构型初步研究

新一代先进飞行器的发展,对风洞试验数据的稳定性和精细化水平提出了更高的要求。而二喉道,作为马赫数精确控制系统,可降低试验流场马赫数波动量,提高试验数据稳定性。二喉道从结构构型上可分为调节片式、活动堵块式和栅指式。本文针对调节片加中心体式二喉道,研究不同中心体构型对二喉道性能的影响。首先,利用数值模拟手段定性研究不同中心体构型的二喉道的气动性能;其次,通过风洞试验,设计加工了4种构型的二喉道进行验证试验。数值模拟和试验验证表明:加长板中心体在总压损失和流场控制方面综合性能最好,并在新建的大型连续式风洞中采用了加长板中心体方案。     

Conception of spacecraft centralized power supply

A reliable power supply for spacecraft is one of the central problems determining the future development of space technology. The traditional solution to this problem implies having an autonomous power plant on board each spacecraft. The most widely used are power plants with solar cells. However, there exists an alternative power supply concept of using a centralized power supply system (CPSS) and power transmission to the user satellites by laser or microwave beams. Use of a CPSS has a number of advantages. In particular, it allows the spacecraft to increase power supply level and service life as well as to decrease the spacecraft mass and cost. However, it sets new physical and technical problems associated with long distance power transmission and requires some changes in spacecraft structure and concepts. The feasibility study of CPSS development and use has to rely on existing or firmly forecastable technologies. An attempt of such an analysis has been done by a group of scientists at Moscow State Aviation Institute during 1994-1996. The very first results have already been published. This paper discusses new results obtained lately regarding a space based CPSS     

Development of a TPS reuse library using COTS tools

In the past, functional test requirements (FTR) or test requirement documents (TRD) and test program sets (TPS) were standalone items developed by individual engineers. In some cases, one engineer would write the FTR/TRD and another would develop the TPS. Commercial ATLAS FTRs are prepared in ARINC 616 and 626 ATLAS. Military TRDs are written in IEEE ATLAS 716 versions. Previous test reuse attempts have not been successful because additional software, like browsers, is required to support these efforts. It was difficult to justify writing new software; for example, browsers to manage the application software. Today, commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) tools are in place to browse and view information from circuit diagrams to documents to source code. These tools can develop hierarchies to organize the information. These COTS tools are available throughout Boeing on many types of workstations and personal computers on every engineer's desk. This paper discusses how a reusable test library (RTL) is being developed using commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) tools, such as Mosaic, to address commercial and military test applications. It describes each of the tools and the process to develop TPSs using the reuse library. It defines the metrics and benefits achieved     

VLSTA: virtual instrument standard test architecture

Diagrammatic programming environments provide a unique challenge for the developers of test software. These cost effective environments facilitate access to technologies such as VXI, provide speedy development of highly effective user interfaces, and eliminate many of the tasks often associated with hardware integration in complex test systems. Nonetheless, difficulties can arise when designing functional and diagnostic test software in this environment. This paper introduces VISTA, a promising new architecture which allows users to elude most of the difficulties of building detailed functional and diagnostic Test Program Sets (TPSs), while taking full advantage of the benefits of diagrammatic programming environments. Here we examine an implementation of the VISTA architecture, the integration of advanced diagnostics, and the use of diagrammatic programming as a test language cross compiler     

图形交互设计的核心技术在航空部门的工程应用

综述了IBM计算机图形交互设计的核心支持软件——CGI的主要用户功能与在航空部门的工程应用。CGI支持开发的CAD系统已成功地应用于几种飞机型号设计,在工程分析软件的开发与移植中也发挥重要作用。工程应用表明,CGI是一种功能全面的高级图形用户接口,是IBM机开发CAD/CAE/CAM应用系统的基础手段之一。