固体火箭发动机燃烧室三维流动数值计算

采用k-ε双方程湍流模型,以SIMPLE计算程式求解翼柱型装药固体火箭发动机燃烧室内三维非定常不可压流N-S方程.在建立翼柱型装药简化模型的基础上采用边界标志法来表达燃面推移,采用从二维到三维的初场给定方法结合多重网格法求出了多个时间步的非稳态流场结构.计算结果表明燃烧室内旋涡运动呈现一定的空间与时间分布,周向加质导致燃气通道横断面上轴向速度分布的极不均衡.      

XN－1040轻型汽车后桥壳体三维有限元应力计算

对ＸＮ－１０４０轻型汽车后桥壳体进行三维有限元应力计算，并分析计算结果，得到该型后桥壳体的应力大小，位移大小，应力分布状况，并通过Ａｎｔｏ－ＣＡＤ１１．０构造变形前后的三维线框模型．从而直观的分析后桥壳体的变形．     

NX—104轻型汽车后桥壳体三维有限元应力计算

对ＸＮ－１０４０轻型汽车后桥壳体进行三维有限元应力计算，并分析计算结果，得到该型后桥壳体的应力大小，位移大小，应力分布状况，并通过Ａｕｔｏ－ＣＡＤ１１．０构造变形前后的三维线框模型，从而直观的分析后桥壳体的变形。     

固体发动机实际成型药柱燃面退移快速算法

针对固体发动机电子计算机断层扫描(CT)图像数据具有伪影噪声的问题，和实际成型药柱燃面粗糙度大、退移计算难度大的问题，提出一种CT数据的快速最小距离函数(CTFMDF)法。固体火箭发动机CT图像中存在伪影噪声，采用非均值滤波(NLM)算法对CT图像进行去噪处理，采用Scharr算子对去伪影后的图像进行Canny边缘检测，提取装药燃面。最大类间方差(OTSU)算法将装药分离，并建立三维装药体数据模型，对燃面数据建立多个并行K-d树，快速检索出装药到燃面的最小距离。实验结果证明：对于不同的装药结构，可以完成任意燃去厚度时的燃面位置，且CT-FMDF法运行时间更短。基于CT实测数据，对于带有初始燃面缺陷的装药，可计算出燃烧时缺陷对燃面的影响。     

SIMOX样品导电类型反型的研究

氧离子注入Ｐ型（１００）单晶硅形成ＳＩＭＯＸ样品，经俄歇电子能谱、扩展电阻仪测试，形成了ＳＯＩ结构；经霍尔测试仪测试，制备的ＳＩＭＯＸ样品表层硅膜反型为Ｎ型导电类型，ＳＩＭＯＸ样品的反型是硅中的氧施主所致，由近自由电子的类氦模型计算，氧施主电离能力为０．１５ｅＶ，该值与早期文献报道的实验值一致。     

三维抛物化N-S方程全隐格式矢通量分裂求解

采用全隐格式的矢通量分裂算法,在通用曲线坐标系内求解三维无因次抛物化强守恒型N-S(Navier-Stokes)方程.所建立的计算程序,可计算较为复杂边界的三维流场,如求解亚、跨、超音速共存的流场,分区模拟内外流共存流动及其混合剪切尾流.给出了一轴对称亚跨超音速喷管内流场的计算结果,包括计算网格,流矢分布,压力、温度和马赫数等值线分布.也给出了一喷管内外流及其混合尾流的计算结果,包括计算网格,流矢分布,无因次压力、密度和温度等值线分布.     

非定常N－S方程的线化及其差分求解

在微幅简谐振荡的假设下，对计算平面内非定常Ｎ－Ｓ方程进行了线比，并在ＭａｃＣｏｒｍａｒｋ于１９８０年提出的半隐格式的基础上，发展了一种适用于求解计算平面内线化Ｎ－Ｓ方程的差分格式．用该差分格式求解计算平面内的线化Ｎ－Ｓ方程时，可以避免求解五对角方程；且时间步长可以取得较大，计算效率高．     

固液火箭发动机车轮形装药参数化设计与内弹道性能研究

装药设计和内弹道性能特性研究可为固液火箭发动机的设计和优化提供基础。建立了固液火箭发动机装药设计和内弹道计算的流程与方法，根据燃面退移规律，获得了车轮形装药燃烧面积、药柱通道面积等参数随燃去肉厚的变化关系。针对给定的设计指标及动力系统方案，开展了有中心孔车轮形、无中心孔车轮形、双D形及管形装药方案设计。计算结果表明:在相同的设计要求下，车轮形装药具有更大的燃烧面积、更高的装填分数及更小的药柱长径比；管形装药的氧燃比、燃烧室压强、推力等性能参数随时间变化更小；减小药柱外径可提高管形、双D形装药的装填分数，但同时会提高药柱的长径比。研究结果对车轮形装药固液火箭发动机内弹道特性及规律的认识可起到较好的支撑作用。      

日冕中的Ⅲ型爆发源与行星际磁场线的比较

本文将Ｎａｎｃａｙ Ｍａｒｋ Ⅲ射电日像仪１９８０年３月至１９８１年９月高空间、高时间分辨率观测资料作了处理，发现日冕中大多数Ⅲ型爆发源都集中在黄道面附近；分布在黄道面北面的Ⅲ型爆发多于南面，西面多于东面；９２．０％的Ⅲ型爆发源分布在横纬４０°以内。这些源与同期的ＩＳＥＥ－３飞船射电频谱仪获得的行星际磁场线相对比，发现行星际磁场的黄纬分布同Ⅲ型爆发源的分布有明显的对应关系，证实了行星际Ⅲ型爆发与日     

Stochastic particle acceleration by the forced interaction of relativistic current sheets

We address the problem of interacting relativistic current sheets in self-consistent kinetic plasma simulations within the framework of the Particle-In-Cell model. The interaction is enforced in head-on collisions of up to 10 current sheets at relativistic bulk speeds. The simulations are motivated by the general problem of Poynting flux dissipation in ‘striped wind’ configurations presumably governing the relativistic outflows pervasive in pulsar winds and gamma-ray bursts. We identify the generation of non-thermal particles and formation of a stable power-law shape in the particle energy distributions f(γ) dγ ∝ γ^−s dγ. In 1D, a spectral index s ∼ 2 is observed and attributed to a stochastic Fermi-type acceleration mechanism. In 2D, the generic index of s ∼ 3–4 is retained as in previous simulations of individual current sheets. Whereas in 2D the high energy cut-off is constrained by the limited dissipation of magnetic energy, in 1D the process converts the bulk motion of current sheets towards directed particle momentum of an exclusive class of non-thermal particles.     

基于LuGre模型的电液加载系统摩擦补偿

为了提高电液加载系统控制精度,针对摩擦问题提出了基于LuGre摩擦模型的前馈补偿方法.建立了用于摩擦仿真分析和补偿器设计的电液加载系统数学模型;通过实验获取并分析了相关的摩擦数据;基于实验数据进行LuGre模型参数辨识,把LuGre模型和辨识结果引入电液加载系统数学模型,并进行仿真结果与实际摩擦数据的对照,证明了LuGre摩擦模型的准确性.设计前馈补偿器,进行了实验对比,实验结果表明前馈补偿器可将摩擦产生的控制误差有效地降至未补偿时的30%左右.      

Concept options for the aerial survey of Titan

Various aerial platforms intended for long endurance survey of the Titan surface are presented. A few novel concepts are introduced, including a heated methane balloon and a balloon with a tethered wind turbine. All the concept options are predicted to have lower scientific payload fractions than the Huygens probe. It is concluded that the selection of the best aerial platform option depends on more accurate mass estimates and a clear decision on whether, or not, in situ surface composition measurements are required in conjunction with aerial remote sensing.     

CoRoT and Kepler results: Solar-like oscillators

The space-borne observatories CoRoT (Convection Rotation and planetary Transits) and Kepler have provided photometric time series data of unprecedented precision for large numbers of stars. These data have revolutionized the fields of transiting exoplanets and asteroseismology. In this review some important asteroseismic results obtained using data from the CoRoT and Kepler space missions concerning stars that show solar-like oscillations are discussed. These results comprise, among others, measurements of the location of the base of the convection zone and helium second-ionization zone in main-sequence stars, the presence (or not) of core-helium burning in red-giant stars, as well as differential rotation in these stars.     

Heterogeneous solid/gas chemistry of organic compounds related to comets,meteorites, Titan,and Mars: Laboratory and in lower Earth orbit experiments

To understand the evolution of organic molecules involved in extraterrestrial environments and with exobiological implications, many experimental programs in the laboratory are devoted to photochemical studies in the gaseous phase as well as in the solid state. The validity of such studies and their applications to extraterrestrial environments can be questioned as long as experiments conducted in space conditions, with the full solar spectrum, especially in the short wavelength domain, have not been implemented. The experiments that are described here will be carried out on a FOTON capsule, using the BIOPAN facility, and on the International Space Station, using the EXPOSE facility. Vented and sealed exposition cells will be used, which will allow us to study the chemical evolution in the gaseous phase as well as heterogeneous processes, such as the degradation of solid compounds and the release of gaseous fragments.     

Radioactivity of the Moon and planets

In this report the main results of the study of radioactivity of the solar sistem bodies are considered. The radioactivity of the Moon and planets was measured by means of vehicles in situ. The radioactivity of the lunar samples, brought to the Earth was studied with laboratory equipment.     

HELIO: The Heliophysics Integrated Observatory

Heliophysics is a new research field that explores the Sun–Solar System Connection; it requires the joint exploitation of solar, heliospheric, magnetospheric and ionospheric observations.     

The ESA scientific programme

The ESA scientific programme has, so far, provided several significant astrophysics experiments and further important missions are scheduled for execution during the next decade. These missions are briefly summarised together with several astrophysics investigations presently under study.     

直尺反转组合法测量直线度的理论分析

对直尺反转组合法的测量原理进行了较为深入的理论分析，指出测量的准确性受测头误差、采样点定位误差、直尺尺面斜率、直尺再定位误差、直尺各点直线度误差的变化率等五个方面共同作用。其中，采样点定位误差和直尺安装斜率影响直线度测量准确度这一结论，将适用于其他的直尺直线度测量方法，因而具有普遍的指导意义。     

一种提高螺栓联接强度的新方法

根据山本晃教授对螺栓，螺母，螺纹牙受力及其变形研究的成果，导出了该理论条件下受拉螺栓在等载荷受力状态下，当螺栓螺纹采用标准尺寸，螺母螺纹的螺旋线形状，并依据实用性，从螺母螺纹加工方便考虑，提出了近似等负荷螺纹。