层合厚板混合状态Hamiltonian元的半解析解

给出任意角铺设或斜交铺设层合厚板的混合状态Ｈａｍｉｌｔｏｎ正则方程及其有效的半解析法。该方法在板厚方向未作任何有关应力或位移的人为假设,采用状态空间法给出解析解答,且通过状态转移矩阵的建立,保证了层间位移和应力的连续,减少了计算中未知量数目。     

Hamilton体系层合板动力响应半解析法

对时间方向引进正则变换函数, 给出了层合板动力学的Hamilton正则方程及其半解析法。通过分离变量, 就可以在板平面内采用通常的有限元离散, 而在板厚方向采用状态空间法给出解析解, 且通过传递矩阵, 保证了层间位移和应力的连续, 建立了层合板上下表面相变量的关系式, 利用打靶法进行求解。数值算例表明:本文方法未知量少, 精度高。      

双层柱壳和单层柱壳战斗部侵彻性能对比分析

采用数值模拟的方法对双层柱壳和单层柱壳的半穿甲爆破型战斗部的侵彻性能进行了对比分析。计算发现：侵彻20 mm厚靶板时,采用双层柱壳不会对战斗部侵彻性能产生明显影响,但是在侵彻较厚的25 mm靶板时,双层柱壳战斗部的侵彻性能要比单层柱壳战斗部略差;而焊接强度对双层柱壳战斗部侵彻性能的影响比单层柱壳要大。     

复合材料叠层板壳材料非线性有限元分析

 本文采用通用于复合材料叠层厚、薄板壳的Heferosis三维退化曲壳元,利用Hill屈服准则和层状模型法,研制了针对金属基复合材料叠层板壳进行弹塑性分析的超参元程序。算例结果表明,叠层板壳分析方法和所编程序是可靠的,精度良好。     

基于固体壳单元的功能梯度材料板壳主动控制模拟仿真

基于假定自然应变法和加强假定应变法,推导了一用于压电层合FGM壳静、动态主动控制模拟的固体壳单元,该单元既可用做实体单元,又可模拟薄曲壳结构,在厚跨比非常小的情况下也能获得令人满意的精度.FGM壳的性能沿厚度方向按一定体积分数幂指数分布,并具有温度相关性,通过改变幂指数n,研究了组分材料体积分数对FGM壳力学性能的影响.采用闭环速度反馈控制算法来模拟压电层合FGM壳的静、动态响应的主动控制,算例表明了算法的有效性.     

压电材料壳的广义变分原理和状态向量方程

将三维弹性材料的H-R变分原理引入到具有机-电耦合效应的三维压电弹性材料圆柱壳问题中,建立了对应于正交各向异性压电材料圆柱壳的Hamilton型广义变分原理。通过变分运算得到了柱坐标系下的状态向量方程,该状态向量方程也是Hamilton正则方程。最后指出纯正交各向异性弹性材料壳Hamilton型广义变分原理是变分公式的特例。变分原理的建立将有利于压电材料圆柱壳静力学和动力学问题的有限元方法或半解析法的推导。     

复合材料层合板、壳结构的承载能力

本文以有限单元法研究了复合材料层合板、壳结构的承载能力,所采用的单元是考虑耦合效应的高精度的离散性克希霍夫（Kirchhoff）假定层合板和层合壳三角形单元,非线性迭代采用变步长的载荷增量法以及等刚度和变刚度相结合的交替迭代法,编制了计算机程序DDJ-FZJF,并以多例证明该程序和算法是有效的。     

封闭圆柱壳振动与内声场耦合的数值计算

主要研究弹性板壳结构振动与声场耦合的特性,旨在寻求该结构与声场的耦合频率的解析解。基于振动微分方程,利用模态叠加法求解位移响应,结合结构与声场的边界条件,得到了求解耦合频率的方程组。最后,采用Broyden秩1算法获得了耦合频率的解析解。该求解过程具有一般性,为弹性板壳结构与声场耦合的研究提供了一定的理论基础。     

复合材料锥壳螺旋向铺层自动铺带成型方法

提出了一种基于两步法的复合材料锥壳螺旋向铺层自动铺带的成型方法,对锥壳螺旋向铺层几何原理进行了分析并对预浸带的预切割进行了设计和验证,对预切割装置进行了原理方案设计并利用CATIA软件进行了自动铺带验证。结果表明:两步法锥壳螺旋向铺带成型技术方案合理可行,预切割装置可以实现预浸带的切割、转录,采用通用铺带头即可以完成螺旋向铺层的自动铺带过程,采用锥壳等厚度铺叠、均匀加压和降低废料率等措施,大大提高制品质量并降低了构件加工成本。     

复合材料叠层板壳有限元的渐近解

 本文针对复合材料叠层板壳结构建立了一个分层计算的有限元模型,此模型的特点是以参考面的位移和各层横向剪应变作为独立的自变量,导出了叠层板壳的有限元模式,这是和原有分层模型的本质区别,从而具有以下优点:(1)刚度矩阵具有良好特性,可采用渐近法求解,大大提高了计算效率,克服了分层模型中的最大困难;(2)完全避免了较薄的板壳在有限元计算中常发生的“剪切自锁”现象;(3)较精确地考虑了各层的剪切效应,无须再引入剪切修正系数。还采用此模型较好地解决了任意铺层的叠层板弯曲、叠层板脱层屈曲和承受任意载荷的轴对称叠层壳的弯曲等问题,证明了此模型的优点和可靠性。此模型还极易推广应用于叠层板壳的动力、稳定和层间应力等问题。     

Aerodynamic/aeroacoustic variable-fidelity optimization of helicopter rotor based on hierarchical Kriging model

Rotor noise is one of the most important reasons for restricting helicopter development; hence, the optimization design of rotor blade considering aeroacoustic and aerodynamic performance at the same time has always been the focus of research attention. For complex rotor design problems with a large number of design variables, the efficiency of the traditional Kriging model needs to be improved. Thus, Hierarchical Kriging (HK) model is employed in this study for rotor optimization design. By using the validated RANS solver and acoustic method based on the FW–H_pds equation, an efficient aerodynamic/aeroacoustic optimization method for high-dimensional problem of rotors in hover based on HK model is developed. By using present HK model and new infill-sampling criteria, the number of design variables is increased from less than 20–53. Results of two analytical function test cases show that the HK model is efficient and accurate in calculation. Subsequently, the helicopter rotor blade is optimally designed for aerodynamic/aeroacoustic performance in hover based on the HK model with high dimensional design variables. The objective function is adopted to improve the rotational noise characteristics by reducing the absolute peak of the acoustic pressure. In addition, the constraints of thrust, hover efficiency, solidity, and airfoils thickness are strictly satisfied. Optimization results show that the Kriging model finds the objective of reducing the noise by 2.87 dB after 248 iterations while the HK model does it only after 164 iterations. The optimization efficiency of the HK model is significantly higher than that of the traditional Kriging model. In the case analyzed, the HK model saves 35% of the time used by the Kriging model.     

可靠性灵敏度分析的一种新方法

基于极限状态函数矩估计的失效概率计算,提出一种新的可靠性灵敏度分析方法。推导极限状态函数的矩对基本变量分布参数的偏导数,并进而利用失效概率与极限状态方程矩的关系,推导失效概率对基本变量分布参数的偏导数,从而得到可靠性灵敏度。与改进一次二阶矩可靠性灵敏度分析方法相比,所提方法不用求极限状态方程的设计点,因而不需用到极限状态函数对基本变量的梯度函数,适用于隐式极限状态方程的可靠性灵敏度分析,算例结果也充分显示所提方法的合理性和精度。     

基于扩展卡尔曼滤波的动量轮故障检测方法

 动量轮作为卫星姿态控制系统的关键执行部件,对其故障检测对维持卫星的正常运行具有重要意义。首先对动量轮系统的故障进行分析,在建立动量轮线性离散状态空间模型的基础上,把动量轮的故障检测作为时变参数系统的跟踪来处理,将动量轮的模型参数作为扩展的状态空间中的状态量,使得动量轮物理模型参数与状态空间中的状态量有对应关系,通过在扩展了的状态空间上采用扩展的卡尔曼滤波,完成时变参数的跟踪。然后,将离散空间的状态量变换回连续空间中,利用物理参数与状态量的对应关系,实现对动量轮物理参数的跟踪。此方法物理意义明确,为系统的物理参数提供了定量的估计值,为进一步诊断故障原因提供了良好的基础。数值仿真表明,此方法能够通过同时检测多个故障参量,实现故障的检测并满足卫星实时性要求。     

绕大攻角翼型低速非定常流动的SUPG有限元数值模拟

采用既有良好稳定性又有较高精度的ＳＵＰＧ有限元方法,通过数值求解涡量一流函数形式的不可压缩流ＮＳ方程组,模拟大攻角翼型在高Ｒｅ数下几种典型情况的非定常绕流流场,同时验证了ＳＵＰＧ有限元方法在求解对流占优的二维非定常对流的－扩散方程时的有铲性。     

Implicit discontinuous Galerkin method on agglomerated high-order grids for 3D simulations

High quality of geometry representation is regarded essential for high-order methods to maintain their high-order accuracy. An agglomerated high-order mesh generating method is inves-tigated in combination with discontinuous Galerkin (DG) method for solving the 3D compressible Euler and Navier-Stokes equations. In this method, a fine linear mesh is first generated by standard commercial mesh generation tools. By taking advantage of an agglomeration method, a quadratic high-order mesh is quickly obtained, which is coarse but provides a high-quality geometry represen-tation, thus very suitable for high-order computations. High-order discretizations are performed on the obtained grids with DG method and the discretized system is treated fully implicitly to obtain steady state solutions. Numerical experiments on several flow problems indicate that the agglomer-ated high-order mesh works well with DG method in dealing with flow problems of curved geome-tries. It is also found that with a fully implicit discretized system and a p-sequencing method, the DG method can achieve convergence state within several time steps which shows significant effi-ciency improvements compared to its explicit counterparts.     

Euler方程的自适应多重非结构网格计算

介绍一种基于四面体网格的多重网格技术,用于求解三维Euler方程定常解,具有十分明显的加速收敛效果。求解Euler方程的基本算法采用有限体积中心差分格点格式。多重网格技术采用一组几何上相互独立的粗细不同的网格。流动变量、余量和修正量在相邻粗细网格间的相互传递通过线性插值实现。采用自适应技术对网格进行加密,可以获得较优的网格,并作为一套细网格,进行多重网格计算。数值实验表明本文自适应多重网格法十分有效。     

航空发动机故障诊断的机载自适应模型

提出了复合拟合法建立状态变量模型,该方法应用于建立高维状态变量模型时,具有较高的精度.将健康参数作为增广的状态变量,设计了卡尔曼滤波器,从而可以根据可测参数的偏离量估计得到健康参数.为了减少自适应模型与真实发动机之间的建模误差,在自适应模型中加入神经网络对稳态基点模型进行修正,从而提高了故障诊断系统的置信度.      

Synthesis of Computationally Efficient Sequential Linear Estimators

The Kalman sequential linear estimation theory, although not always utilized because the number of computations required for many systems of practical importance becomes prohibitive, allows straight-forward synthesis of optimal estimators for many complex systems. Some systems designers have chosen to ignore variables and by such a reduction in system dimension have been able to economize with regard to the number of computations. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate a method which allows economy of computation by partitioning the system state vector; the variables to be eliminated are placed in one subsystem and the remaining variables in one or more additional subsystems. The resultant system is computationally more efficient if some variables are eliminated. This is so because the remaining states have been partitioned into two or more subsystems. The number of computations for a subsystem varies approximately as the cube of the dimension of its state vector. By operating on several subsystems of lesser dimension than that of the unpartitioned system, the number of computations is decreased; performance will deteriorate. The method for determining the partitioning tends to keep this deterioration under control; it is illustrated by application to a marine-type inertial navigation system.     

用人工智能搜索策略进行抗疲劳优化设计

 将人工智能搜索策略应用于抗疲劳优化设计中,针对工程实际中大量存在的离散变量的优化问题,提出了一套不同于传统数学规划法的方法,从根本上解决了处理离散变量的困难。还以多钉多层板接头为算例,作了优化计算,说明本文提出的方法可行,计算程序适用。并且优化结果比数学规划法好。     

叶轮间隙差引起激振实验器的研究

叶轮相对机匣存在几何偏心时, 作用在叶片上的气动力将会产生使转子发生失稳的横向力。经实践探讨, 对其实验设备进行了设计尝试并经多次调试改进, 终于获得了设计这项实验器的可行方法, 经实用证明成功的捕捉到不同条件时Alford力值。