用非线性k-ε-k_p两相湍流模型模拟旋流两相流动

建立了两相湍流的代数应力模型 ,并由此出发 ,导出非线性k ε kp 两相湍流模型 ,目的是合理地模拟各向异性较强的旋流两相流动 ,保持二阶矩模型的优点 ,同时比二阶矩模型简单 .文中得到了气相、颗粒相的雷诺应力和两相脉动速度关联的非线性应力应变关系式。这些代数式和两相各自的湍动能k ,kp,以及两相脉动关联湍动能kpg的方程联立 ,就构成非线性k ε kp 模型 .将该模型用于模拟旋流两相流动 ,给出两相时均速度场及雷诺应力各分量 ,并且将模拟结果和实验数据以及二阶矩模型的模拟结果对照 .研究结果表明 ,该模型预报旋流两相流动的能力和二阶矩模型的能力相差不多 ,但计算量比二阶矩模型的小     

扩压器内跨音速湍流的数值模拟

采用Johnson-King非平衡代数雷诺应力湍流模型(J-K模型)和Baldwin-Lomax零方程湍流模型(B-L模型),数值模拟较强激波/边界层相互作用时扩压器内的分离流动。计算结果与实验值进行了比较,表明J-K模型比B-L代数湍流模型可较好地计算出分离流动的再附点位置,并且可更好地计算出激波强度和沿流程的压力分布,仅增加很少的计算量,并更易推广应用于三维湍流问题的数值模拟。      

用非线性k-ε-kp两相湍流模型[1*9/9]模拟旋流两相流动

建立了两相湍流的代数应力模型,并由此出发, 导出非线性k-ε-kp两相湍流模型, 目的是合理地模拟各向异性较强的旋流两相流动, 保持二阶矩模型的优点, 同时比二阶矩模型简单. 文中得到了气相、颗粒相的雷诺应力和两相脉动速度关联的非线性应力应变关系式.这些代数式和两相各自的湍动能k, kp, 以及两相脉动关联湍动能kpg的方程联立, 就构成非线性k-ε-kp模型. 将该模型用于模拟旋流两相流动, 给出两相时均速度场及雷诺应力各分量,并且将模拟结果和实验数据以及二阶矩模型的模拟结果对照. 研究结果表明,该模型预报旋流两相流动的能力和二阶矩模型的能力相差不多,但计算量比二阶矩模型的小.     

用非线性κ—ε—κp两相湍流模型模拟旋流两相流动

建立了两相湍流的代数应力模型，并由此出发，导出非线性κ-ε-κp两相湍流模型，目的是合理地模拟各向异性较强的旋流两相流动，保持二阶矩模型的优点，同时比二阶矩模型简单，文中得到了气相、颗粒相的雷诺应力和两相脉动速度关联的性应力应变关系式。这些代数式和两相各自的湍动能κ，κp，以及两相脉动关联湍动以κpg的方程联立，就构成非线性κ-ε-κp模型。将该模型用于模拟旋流两相流动，给出两相时均速度声及雷诺应力各分量，并且将模拟结果和实验数据以及二阶矩模型的模拟结果对照，研究结果表明，该模型预报旋流两相流动的能力和二阶矩模型的能力相差不多，但计算量比二阶矩模型的小。     

两相湍流的非线性k-ε-kp模型

由两相湍流的代数应力模型，提出一种两相湍流的非线性k-ε-kp模型，可以合理地模拟各向异性较强的旋流，浮力流等两相流动，具备二阶矩模型的优点，又比二阶矩模型简单。文中推导出气相、颗粒相的雷诺应力和两相脉动速度关联的非线性应力应变关系式。这些代数式和两相各自的湍动能k，kp以及两相脉动关联湍动能kpg的方程联立，就构成非线性k-ε-kp模型。本文将该模型用于模拟突扩湍流两相流动，给出两相时均速度场及雷诺应力各分量，并且将模拟结果和PDPA实验数据以及二阶矩模型的模拟结果对照。结果表明，该模型预报各向异性两相湍流的能力和二阶矩模型的能力接近，但是计算量比二阶矩模型的小得多。     

两相湍流的非线性k-ε-kp模型

由两相湍流的代数应力模型，提出一种两相湍流的非线性k-ε-kp模型，可以合理地模拟各向异性较强的旋流，浮力流等两相流动，具备二阶矩模型的优点，又比二阶矩模型简单。文中推导出气相、颗粒相的雷诺应力和两相脉动速度关联的非线性应力应变关系式。这些代数式和两相各自的湍动能k，kp以及两相脉动关联湍动能kpg的方程联立，就构成非线性k-ε-kp模型。本文将该模型用于模拟突扩湍流两相流动，给出两相时均速度场及雷诺应力各分量，并且将模拟结果和PDPA实验数据以及二阶矩模型的模拟结果对照。结果表明，该模型预报各向异性两相湍流的能力和二阶矩模型的能力接近，但是计算量比二阶矩模型的小得多。     

湍流燃烧模型对双旋流燃烧室喷雾燃烧的影响

采用数值模拟与试验测量相结合的方法,研究扩展旋涡破碎模型、扩展二阶矩模型和涡团耗散概念模型等三种湍流燃烧模型对双旋流湍流喷雾燃烧流场的影响.在任意曲线坐标系下数值研究双级轴向旋流器环形燃烧室全流程流场,采用粒子图像测速仪测量燃烧流场气流速度分布,热电偶测量燃烧室出口温度分布.计算结果与验证试验数据比较表明:不同湍流燃烧模型对双旋流湍流喷雾燃烧影响较大,所得的回流区形状、速度、温度场以及出口温度分布等都不太相同,其中扩展二阶矩模型所得的结果与试验值符合最好,更适用于模拟双旋流环形燃烧室湍流喷雾燃烧.     

非线性EASM在激波与湍流边界层相互作用中的数值应用

采用基于k-ω湍流模型的非线性显式代数应力模型(EASM)对超燃冲压发动机常用的超声速凹槽、压缩拐角和侧壁压缩进气道简化模型的激波与湍流边界层的相互作用进行了计算,主要研究了EASM 模型对壁面压强、摩阻、Stanton数和壁面摩擦力线的计算精度,计算结果与SST(shear stress transport)模型进行...     

不同湍流模型在三维后台阶数值模拟中的对比

数值模拟是飞行器设计的重要工具,如何精确模拟分离流动,其关键在于选择合适的湍流模型。针对分离流动中典型的后台阶流动,采用不同的湍流模型进行三维数值模拟分析,其中包括Spalart-Allmaras(简称SA)湍流模型、两方程k-Omega SST(简称SST)湍流模型和显式代数雷诺应力模型(EARSM),并与实验结果进行比较。研究结果表明:EARSM对于后台阶分离涡回流区的模拟结果最好,优于SA与SST湍流模型,SA模型对于剪切层模拟稍好一点。综合来说,EARSM模型对于回流区分离涡的模拟较好,在剪切层位置其模拟结果也和实验较为接近,能较好地反映后台阶的分离流动。     

烧蚀外形转捩流动的数值模拟

本文采用雷诺平均Navier-Stokes方程和修正Baldwin-Lomax代数湍流模型,以Roe二阶流通量差分分裂格式进行离散,数值模拟了典型烧蚀外形的高超声速流场,重点讨论了流动转捩的判定及其与复杂流态的关联.结果表明:数值模拟出的球钝锥外形转捩点位置与工程估算结果符合较好;对工程估算中存在困难的奶头状凹陷烧蚀外形,数值模拟也可给出符合流场结构的转捩点位置.     

EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON SWIRLING AND RECIRCULATING TWO-PHASE FLOW FIELD IN A COLD MODEL OF DUAL-INLET SUDDEN-EXPANSION COMBUSTOR

The axial and tangential velocities of gas and particle phases and particle concentration for turbulent swirling and recirculating gas-particle (simulating gas-droplet) flows in a cold model of a dual-inlet sudden-expansion combustor with partially tangential central tubes, proposed by the present authors, were measured by using a 2-D LDV system and a laser optic fiber system combined with a sampling probe. The results show that there are both gas and particle strongly reverse flows and swirling flows in the head part of the combustor. The velocity slip between gas and particle phases is remarkable. The particle concentration is higher near the wall and lower near the axis. There are two peaks in the concentration profiles near the inlet tubes. The above-obtained flow characteristics are favorable to ignition, flame stabilization and combustion. The results can also be used to validate the numerical modeling.     

高超声速飞行器-进气道一体化热流数值计算

采用CFD(计算流体动力学)技术, 开展了飞行器前体/发动机一体化气动热环境分析.对层流区、转捩区和湍流区分别采用计算模型, 在湍流区利用压缩性修正的SSGZ-Jk-ε湍流模型, 在转捩区引入代数型转捩因子模型描述边界层由层流逐渐过渡为完全湍流的流动过程.计算了前体和内通道的表面热流, 并与实验结果进行了对比.结果表明所采用的计算方法可以较好地预测前体及发动机内通道热流率, 流动状态、几何结构及激波入射对热流值影响较大.      

Numerical investigation of windage heating within shrouded rotor-stator cavity system with central inflow

The rotating disk surface temperature rise due to windage heating effect by numerically modeling the turbulent flow within a rotor-stator cavity which is available with a peripheral shroud and imposed through airflow was dealt with. The windage heating may be defined as viscous friction heating caused by relative velocity differences across the boundary layers between the fluid and the rotating disk surface. The kinetic energy dissipation process could transform the rotating shaft power into thermal heating. Commercial finite volume based solver, ANSYS/CFX was employed to numerically simulate this physical process by using the shear stress transport (SST) turbulence model. CFD results include the rotating disk surface temperature axial distribution and tangential velocity distribution of the fluid domain. The velocity difference between the result obtained by particle image velocimetry (PIV) experiments and CFD simulation are within 5%. The adiabatic disk temperature rise can be calculated by the tangential velocity of disk and fluid in large gap ratio and turbulent parameter. CFD temperature distribution results and those estimated via velocity differences are within 10%.     

湍流大涡数值模拟进展

本文简要陈述湍流大涡数值模拟的原理、优点,着重讨论湍流大涡数值模拟方法的关键问题及其可能解决的途径,包括脉动的过滤、亚格子模型、近壁模型和标量湍流的大涡数值模拟中的特殊问题.文章强调大涡数值模拟中亚格子应力的本质是可解尺度湍流和不可解尺度湍流动量间的输运,并以作者最近提出的新型亚格子模型说明发展亚格子模型的正确途径.文章最后提出湍流大涡数值模拟近期需要迫切解决的问题和其他具有挑战性的方向.     

航空发动机圆套状尾喷管流场温度场数值模拟

对某机型双收缩圆环套状尾喷管内, 冷热气流相互掺混的流动传热过程, 作了数值模拟。用SIMPLE思想在曲线系中进行程序设计。该程序可以对任意形状的两股流有(无)掺混时的流场、质量场、温度场、辐射通量场进行模拟, 对二维流动传热问题比SIMPLE程序更具有通用性。最后对某机型的实际情况(形状尺寸), 用区域拼装法生成曲线网格作了模拟。结果说明, 引射的冷空气与热主流在双收敛喷管内掺混, 确实能降低尾喷管内气流温度、降低红外辐射。      

180°矩形弯管流场的LDV测量

采用激光多普勒测速仪（简称LDV）对180°矩形弯管内流场进行了测量,得到时均速度、湍流强度等数据。除靠近内壁r^＋=0．1位置,弯管纵截面上的切向速度沿轴向基本不变,但靠近弯管上下壁面的切向速度逐渐减小直至为零。在弯管的主流区域,0°～60°之间的纵截面上,内侧切向速度增大,外侧切向速度减小;60°～180°之间的纵截面上,内侧切向速度减小,外侧切向速度增大。在整个弯管段内,内侧切向速度总是大于外侧的切向速度。由于受到边界层分离和二次流的影响,90°～180°纵截面上r^＊ =0．1位置的切向速度产生明显的变化。轴向速度值远小于切向速度值,并且沿轴向变化不大。轴向速度的正、负之分,说明了二次流的存在,并且二次流的旋转中心从外壁向内壁移动。切向和轴向湍流强度的数量级一样,基本在0．1V。左右。切向湍流度在150°～180°纵截面r^＊ =0．1位置的变化很大;但是轴向湍流强度分布比较平稳,其值沿轴向和径向变化不大。     

可压缩后台阶流的数值模拟

基于可压缩Navier-Stokes方程,采用Beam-Warming矢通量分裂格式以及vanLeer的矢通量分裂方法,分别通过Johnson-King及Baldwin-Lomax湍流模型对亚音速和超音速的后台阶流进行了计算,计算结果与实验符合较好。     

超音速绕凹角湍流分离流动的计算

本文用统一的Levy-Lees变换以及正算法与逆算法相结合,求解了超音速绕凹角湍流分离流动。 对附着流区用边界层正算法,压强分布用流过尖劈统一的高超音速与超音速公式,湍流模型取代数涡粘性模型;对凹角分离区用边界层逆算法,给定位移厚度δ~*分布,湍流模型取代数松弛模型;边界层计算采用Cebeci-Keller Box方法;计算成功地算得分离流场,较好地预估了分离点与重附点位置以及壁面压强分布与表面摩擦应力分布。     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

Experimental investigation on aero-heating of rudder shaft within laminar/turbulent hypersonic boundary layers

The aero-heating of the rudder shaft region of a hypersonic vehicle is very harsh, as the peak heat flux in this region can be even higher than that at the stagnation point. Therefore, studying the aero-heating of the rudder shaft is of great significance for designing the thermal protection system of the hypersonic vehicle. In the wind tunnel test of the aero-heating effect, we find that with the increase of the angle of attack of the lifting body model, the increasement of the heat flux of the rudder shaft is larger under laminar flow conditions than that under turbulent flow conditions. To understand this, we design a wind tunnel experiment to study the effect of laminar/turbulent hypersonic boundary layers on the heat flux of the rudder shaft under the same wind tunnel freestream conditions. The experiment is carried out in the ?2 m shock tunnel(FD-14 A) affiliated to the China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center(CARDC). The laminar boundary layer on the model is triggered to a turbulent one by using vortex generators, which are 2 mm-high diamonds. The aero-heating of the rudder shaft(with the rudder) and the protuberance(without the rudder) are studied in both hypersonic laminar and turbulent boundary layers under the same freestream condition. The nominal Mach numbers are 10 and 12, and the unit Reynolds numbers are2.4 × 10~6 m~(-1) and 2.1 × 10~6 m-1. The angle of attack of the model is 20°, and the deflection angle of the rudder and the protuberance is 10°. The heat flux on the model surface is measured by thin film heat flux sensors, and the heat flux distribution along the center line of the lifting body model suggests that forced transition is achieved in the upstream of the rudder. The test results of the rudder shaft and the protuberance show that the heat flux of the rudder shaft is lower in the turbulent flow than that in the laminar flow, but the heat flux of the protuberance is the other way around,i.e., lower in the laminar flow than in the turbulent flow. The wind tunnel test results is also validated by numerical simulations. Our analysis suggests that this phenomenon is due to the difference of boundary layer velocities caused by different thickness of boundary layer between laminar and turbulent flows, as well as the restricted flow within the rudder gap. When the turbulent boundary layer is more than three times thicker than that of the laminar boundary layer, the heat flux of the rudder shaft under the laminar flow condition is higher than that under the turbulent flow condition. Discovery of this phenomenon has great importance for guiding the design of the thermal protection system for the rudder shaft of hypersonic vehicles.