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为了提高铝阳极材料的耐析氢腐蚀和活化性能,用失重腐蚀、电化学等方法研究了在4 mol/LKOH溶液中,丙炔醇对铝阳极(99.999%)电化学性能的影响,结果表明:添加0.5%丙炔醇,不仅使铝的析氢腐蚀速率降低(缓蚀率达85.35%),又能最大程度保持铝阳极的活性(超过铝在4 mol/L KOH溶液中的活性),开路电位Eocp负移达-2.033 V.此外,在"饱和Ca(OH)2+4 mol/L KOH"溶液中,添加0.5%丙炔醇时,铝的缓蚀率高达93.21%,其表面腐蚀均匀,活化性能进一步提高,Eocp负移达-2.011 V.为铝阳极材料的应用提供了有实用价值的添加剂配方. 相似文献
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针对一种新研制的航空用Al-Li-Cu-Zn-Mg系铝锂合金,采用了光学显微镜、电子显微镜和能谱分析技术,分析碱腐蚀和三酸脱氧两种不同前处理工艺对铝锂合金硫酸阳极氧化膜层的外观、耐蚀性和疲劳性能的影响规律。结果表明:相比三酸脱氧工艺,碱腐蚀工艺对铝锂合金表面的腐蚀程度较深,晶界处的耐腐蚀能力较差,硫酸阳极氧化膜层表面形成了网状晶界形貌;采用碱腐蚀处理的试样疲劳寿命较三酸脱氧处理试样更低,而不同前处理后经过硫酸阳极氧化的试样疲劳寿命相差不大。不同前处理对铝锂合金的硫酸阳极氧化膜层的耐蚀性的影响不大。 相似文献
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为进一步研究非球形铝粒表面微凸起对含铝推进剂凝聚燃烧的影响,用Young-Laplace公式和化学势的微分式,推出非球形铝粉凝聚起始温度下降公式。发现铝粒表面微小凸起的平均半径越小,则铝粉凝聚起始温度就越低,其影响不容忽视。用电化学微电池理论,阐明了铝粉与NaOH溶液的反应机理。铝粒与NaOH溶液构成局部腐蚀电池,金属铝在阳极上失去三个电子,发生氧化反应。由于非球形铝粒组织和物理状态的均匀性比球形铝粒的差,表面的微电池数目比球形铝粒的多,因此有较大的反应速率。 相似文献
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铝-锂合金的真空熔炼 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
在ZG-25型中频感应真空炉中进行了铝-锂合金的熔炼与铸锭。真空度为66Pa。考察了普通石墨坩埚、氧化铝坩埚,以及氧化锌涂料、氮化硼涂料与铝-锂熔体的反应。抄到了在真空下控制铝-锂熔体中锂含量的方法。在不使用钛-硼细化剂的条件下,铸锭呈细小等轴晶组织,其成分均匀,夹杂物极少。真空熔炼可使合金中的氢、钾,钠等杂质含量显著地降低。 相似文献
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为了探索在水冲压发动机中高金属含量铝/镁合金水反应金属燃料的稳态燃烧,开展了其一次燃烧和二次燃烧实验研究,其中铝/镁合金含量达到80%。采用氧弹量热仪收集一次燃烧固相产物,并将一次燃烧固相产物置于水蒸气高温管式炉中模拟二次燃烧。采用TGA对铝、镁和铝/镁合金进行了热性能分析,并采用XRD,SEM及化学分析方法对铝/镁合金和推进剂的一、二次燃烧固相产物进行了表征。结果表明,铝/镁合金的启动氧化温度530℃优于镁的600℃,铝/镁合金在第二阶段的氧化性能优于铝的。铝/镁合金为Mg17Al12,一次燃烧固相产物中主要存在Mg Al,Mg2Al3,Mg Al2等合金相和Mg O,在二次燃烧的固相产物中有Mg O,Al和Al2Mg O4,其中剩余Al的含量随着管式炉温度增大先增大后减小。分析认为铝/镁合金在燃烧过程中镁先行发生了反应,而后其中的铝才发生反应。 相似文献
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提高水反应金属燃料能量性能的理论分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用最小自由能热力计算方法,计算了不同配方水反应金属燃料的能量性能,分析了粘合剂、氧化剂、高能添加剂、金属的种类及含量对燃料能量性能的影响。计算结果表明:镁基水反应金属燃料的基础上,添加含能粘合剂(聚叠氮缩水甘油醚(PGAP)、聚3-叠氮甲基-3-甲基氧丁环(PAMMO)、聚二叠氮甲基氧丁环与四氢呋喃共聚物(PBAMO-THF))、高能金属添加剂(Al和Mg-Al合金)及增加金属含量均有利于提高燃料的燃温和理论比冲;氧化剂和高能添加剂的种类、氧粘比(氧化剂与粘合剂质量比)对燃料的燃温和理论比冲影响不明显。采用PBAMO-THF,Al分别取代端羟基聚丁二烯(HTPB)和Mg,金属含量由70%提高到80%时,燃料的理论比冲(水燃比φ=3)由4550.5 N.s/kg提高到5451.0N.s/kg。 相似文献
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陈永来%李劲风%吕宏军%张宇玮%张绪虎 《宇航材料工艺》2007,37(6):44-49
在Gleeble~1500热模拟实验机上,采用高温等温压缩,应变速率为0.001~10/s,变形温度为360~520%,对通用型铝锂合金在高温压缩变形中的流变应力行为进行了研究,分析了其高温变形的物理本质。结果表明:在等应变速率下,真应力随温度的升高而降低;在相同的变形温度下,随应变速率的增加,流变应力水平升高。在较低的变形速率及较高的变形温度条件下热变形时,通用型铝锂合金容易发生动态再结晶。而变形速率较高,变形温度较低时,通用型铝锂合金可能发生剪切变形,热变形过程中则主要发生动态回复。 相似文献
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在18%(质量分数,下同)H_2SO_4+5%C_2H_2O_4水溶液中,采用脉冲(PC)电流对2198和5A90两种铝锂合金进行阳极氧化处理。用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察铝锂合金阳极氧化膜表面和截面形貌;用能谱仪(EDS)对其成分进行面扫描和线扫描;用动电位极曲线检测氧化膜在3.5%NaCl水溶液中的耐蚀性。结果表明:2198和5A90铝锂合金阳极氧化膜主要由Al的氧化物组成;2198合金氧化膜表面存在细小颗粒,厚度约为150μm;5A90合金氧化膜表面存在微孔,为后续封孔处理提供结构条件,厚度约为180μm;用脉冲方法在两种铝锂合金表面生成的较厚阳极氧化膜具有较高的耐蚀性。 相似文献
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NING Guo-dong ZHANG Shu-guang FANG Zhen-ping 《中国航空学报》2007,20(1):1-8
A method for the implementation of integrated three-degree-of-freedom constrained entry guidance for reusable launch vehicle is presented. Given any feasible entry conditions, terminal area energy management interface conditions, and the reference trajectory generated onboard then, the method can generate a longitudinal guidance profile rapidly, featuring linear quadratic regular method and a proportional-integral-derivative tracking law with time-varying gains, which satisfies all the entry corridor constraints and meets the requirements with high precision. Afterwards, by utilizing special features of crossrange parameter, establishing bank-reversal corridor, and determining bank-reversals according to dynamically adjusted method, the algorithm enables the lateral entry guidance system to fly a wide range of missions and provides reliable and good performance in the presence of significant aerodynamic modeling uncertainty. Fast trajectory guidance profiles and simulations with a reusable launch vehicle model for various missions and aerodynamic uncertain-ties are presented to demonstrate the capacity and reliability of this method. 相似文献
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基于飞机油箱模型形状特征油量测量切片步长选择方法研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在分析飞机数字式油量测量过程中目前广泛使用的切片法油量测量原理的基础上,针对现有的定步长切片法无法得到准确、可靠的燃油质量特性数据库的缺陷,结合对飞机油箱模型形状特征的分析,提出了基于飞机油箱模型形状特征的油量测量切片步长选择方法。此方法包括切片步长整体和局部选择两个过程,整体选择以实现相邻两切片平面所夹油箱模型体积近似相等为目的来确定切片步长,以体现油箱模型截面整体变化规律;局部选择以设计切片平面与截面突变平面重合或尽可能接近的方式,突出油箱截面的局部变化特征。实验结果表明:该切片步长选择方法较定步长方法能够建立更为合理、可靠的燃油质量特性数据库,从而提高了油量测量精度。 相似文献
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The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation. 相似文献
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Abnormal Shape Mould Winding 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Fu Hongya Wang Xianfeng Han Zhenyu Fu Yunzhong 《中国航空学报》2007,20(6):552-558
为解决网格化芯模的缠绕问题,本文提出了复合材料面片缠绕机理;接着详细分析了面片缠绕过程中的芯模凹曲面上纤维滑线和架空现象,应用微分几何曲面理论和空间几何理论,提出判据及其解决方案;最后,针对飞机发动机进气道的缠绕成型,编制缠绕控制程序并进行相应的实验,验证了面片缠绕方法的可行性。 相似文献
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FU Hong-jun MA Chong-qi KUANG Nai-hang LUAN Shi-lin 《中国航空学报》2007,20(2):124-128
This work was dedicated to performing surface oxidation and coating treatments on carbon fibers (CF) and investigating the changes of fiber surface properties after these treatments, including surface composition, relative volume of functional groups, and sur- face topography with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and atom force microscopy (AFM) technology. The results show that, after oxidation treatments, interfacial properties between CF and non-polar polyarylacetylene (PAA) resin are remarkably modified by removing weak surface layers and increasing fiber surface roughness. Coating treatment by high char phenolic resin solution after oxida- tion makes interface of CF/PAA composites to be upgraded and the interfacial properties further bettered. 相似文献
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Xu Chenghai Meng Songhe Zhang Mingfu Zuo Hongbo Wang Guigen 《中国航空学报》2007,20(5):475-480
本文利用有限元法对冷心放肩微量提拉法(SAPMAC)生长大尺寸蓝宝石单晶过程中的热应力进行了模拟计算,应用临界缺陷理论解释了裂纹的萌生与扩展机理。研究表明,晶体内的热应力主要与晶体生长速率,环境温度和结晶取向有关;较大热应力多出现在结晶界面,放肩、收尾以及直径急剧变化等位置;最大热应力总是出现在籽晶与新生晶体的界面附近。裂纹将在临界缺陷位置产生,并在应力作用下沿a或m面扩展。计算结果与实验结果基本吻合,通过晶体生长系统和生长工艺的改进,对晶体的开裂问题得到了有效的抑制。 相似文献
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CHENG Wen-yuan CHANG Yan CUI De-gang XIE Xiang-hui 《中国航空学报》2007,20(1):55-59
To solve the topology optimization of complicated multi-objective continuous/discrete design variables in aircmit structure design, a Parallel Pareto Genetic Algorithm (PPGA) is presented based on grid platform in this paper. In the algorithm, the commercial finite element analysis (FEA) software is integrated as the calculating tool for analyzing the objective functions and the filter of Pareto solution set based on weight information is introduced to deal with the relationships among all objectives. Grid technology is utilized in PPGA to realize the distributed computations and the user interface is developed to realize the job submission and job management locally/remotely. Taking the aero-elastic tailoring of a composite wing for optimization as an example, a set of Pareto solutions are obtained for the decision-maker. The numerical results show that the aileron reversal problem can be solved by adding the limited skin weight in this system. The algorithm can be used to solve complicated topology optimization for composite structures in engineering and the computation efficiency can be improved greatly by using the grid platform that aggregates numerous idle resources. 相似文献