Studies of separated flow downstream of the obstacle in a channel at resonant modes of pulsating flow

Experimental data on velocity, longitudinal component of the surface friction vector, length of the separated region, and distribution of static pressure in a separated turbulent channel flow with periodic pulsations of gas flowrate are presented. The dependence of the separated region parameters on the frequency of superimposed flowrate pulsations and natural acoustic gas vibrations in the channel is established.     

几何参数对带射流收缩型通道换热特性影响的液晶瞬态实验

采用窄带热色液晶全表面瞬态测温技术,对将涡轮发动机进气道支板的冲击腔进行放大和简化后所得的收缩型通道内表面开展冲击换热实验研究,具体考察了射流孔孔径、冲击距以及通道高度变化对努塞尔数分布及大小的影响.实验结果表明:孔径和通道高度的增大、冲击距的减小均使通道内部换热得以加强,但在侧壁和前缘的努塞尔数分布变化及平均努塞尔数增幅不尽相同;并且通道内部换热受孔径影响最大,受通道高度的影响最小.      

单通道内燃波转子燃烧性能实验

建立简化单通道内燃波转子系统,以连续热射流的点火方式,采用实验方法研究了点火位置,射流作用时间,初始预混气当量油气比对波转子通道内点火及燃烧性能的影响.结果表明:随着射流逐渐推近,喷管出口距波转子通道38mm附近时,对点火不利,但点火位置对火焰锋面发展影响不大;在不同当量油气比下,射流作用时间对波转子通道内燃烧过程压力增益具有不同的影响规律,同时火焰锋面倾斜角随着射流作用时间增加而有所减小;当量油气比为2.0时不利于波转子内组织燃烧,且此时火焰锋面出现反向倾斜,倾斜角高达58°.      

Modeling of cooling processes in the variable section channel of a gas conduit

Using the results of numerical modeling of nonstationary gas hydrodynamic working processes in the gas conduit variable section channel when removing and cooling hot gases of different purpose technical plants, an engineering technique has been developed to provide the gas conduit operation under limitations on the flow temperature in the outlet plant section. A multiparametric area of permissible gas conduit operation connecting the characteristics of technical plants, gas conduit and water feeding system is presented.     

Method for the annular gas-liquid mixture flow regime in a vertical cylindrical channel

A mathematical model for the annular gas-liquid mixture flow in the cylindrical channel is described. The influence of an upward turbulent gas flow on the downward liquid film is considered. The problem is numerically solved and the calculation results are compared with the experimental data.     

Nonlinear resonance gas oscillations in a flat open-ended channel

The resonance gas oscillations in a flat channel are considered; the oscillations are excited by a piston at the inlet and the outlet section is connected with the ambient medium. The boundary condition at the open end is calculated analytically; the dependences of the gas oscillation amplitude on the frequency and geometric parameters of the open end at different values of the frequency parameter are obtained.     

射流、旋流、出流共同作用下矩形通道换热特性

在放大模型上详细研究了不同雷诺数和出流比下涡轮叶片内冷通道中冲击靶面、出流面和冲击侧面的换热特性.采用热色液晶瞬态测量技术测量通道内部各个面的传热系数,得到以下结论:靶面直接受到射流的第一次冲击,射流形成旋流对出流面进行第二次冲刷,对冲击侧面进行第三次冲刷;靶面受到冲击孔射流的直接冲击,因此换热最强;冲击侧面只受到旋流、横流影响,因此换热最弱;冲击和旋流是通道各个面换热强化的主要原因;换热随雷诺数的增大而增强.出流比对各个面的换热分布及大小也有一定影响.      

液氧甲烷发动机台阶型冷却通道的耦合传热特性

为了研究液氧甲烷发动机再生冷却通道中跨临界甲烷的流动和传热特性,以及冷却通道较大幅度的突扩突缩对冷却效果的影响,采用整场直接耦合的方法对推力室三维耦合传热进行了数值模拟,考虑了燃气的非平衡流动.通过计算得到了推力室三维温度场和流场.计算结果表明：由于喉部截面附近存在较强的二次流,燃气侧壁面温度的最大值出现在喉部上游.由于突扩突缩处存在较强的旋涡运动,冷却剂的湍流强度增强,冷却剂侧表面传热系数显著提高,燃气侧壁面温度出现局部极小值,同时也产生了较大的局部损失.由于铜内衬热阻比镍外套热阻小得多,从燃烧室进入的大部分热量在冷却通道底面和侧面被冷却剂吸收.冷却通道底面的温度和热流密度沿程变化比顶面更剧烈.     

Physical model of a hydrodynamically nonstationary turbulent flow

The influence of nonisothermality and hydrodynamic nonstationarity on turbulence generation and development is analyzed. A physical model of a hydrodynamically nonstationary turbulent flow is proposed, the model is created on the basis of previous experimental investigations on the structure of a nonstationary turbulent gas flow in the channel.     

变截面管道中激波诱导的两相流动

本文研究扩张型与收缩型变截面管道中激波诱导的非定常两相流动。对于稀相气固悬浮体采用了双连续介质模型,对于两相流动按照准一维近似处理。控制方程则是利用算子分裂技术和二阶GRP方法数值求解。文中给出了波后气固两相的流动结构,并讨论了粒子对两相流场的影响。     

Preliminary experiment on spontaneous ignition performances of cavity-based strut flameholder

The thermal-structural response and low cycle fatigue life of a three-dimensional (3D) channel wall nozzle with regenerative cooling were numerically investigated by coupling the finite volume fluid-thermal method, nonlinear finite element thermal-structural analysis and local strain methods. The nozzle had a high area ratio (nozzle exit area divided by throat area) under cyclic working loads. Parametric studies were carried out to evaluate the effects of channel structural parameters such as channel width, channel height, liner thickness and rib width. Results showed that the integrated effects of three-dimensional channel structure and load distribution caused serious strain, which mainly occurred at the intersectant regions of liner wall on the gas side and the symmetric planes of channel and rib. The cooling effect and channel structural strength were significantly improved as the channel width and height decreased, leading to substantial extension of the nozzle service life. On the other hand, the successive decrease in liner thickness and rib width apparently increased the strain amplitude and residual strain of channel wall nozzle during cyclic work, significantly shortening the service life. The present work is of value for design of the channel wall nozzle to prolong its cyclic service life.      

Simulation of the test stand gas-liquid ejector operation

Based on the data of numerical simulation of the test stand gas-liquid ejector operation, the fields of gasodynamic flow parameters in the gas flue channel are determined. The test stand operation in real time and processes of interaction between the flow of combustion products and neutralizing liquid are also analyzed.     

A technique for simulation of a fluid flow in branched channels

In this paper, a technique for simulation of the space-time flow parameters in branched channels under transient boundary conditions is presented. The technique is based on the solution of one-dimensional nonstationary equations of gas dynamics. We suggest the conditions of channel junction with regard for distinctive features of a fluid flow in the adjacent region and compare the data on the flow simulation in the channel with a lateral branch by using one-dimensional and three-dimensional models. Comparing the data obtained with the experimental results, we show that the technique being suggested adequately simulates the real processes in the branched channels.     

高速稀薄流域防热减阻概念构型气动性能

为探究高速稀薄流流域凹腔槽道的气动特性,采用直接模拟蒙特卡罗(DSMC)方法,建立了凹腔深宽比为1,槽道高度分别为0、10、20、30、40 mm以及基准高度为20 mm的唇口钝化半径为2～20 mm的凹腔槽道构型,获得了不同算例的气动热系数和气动力系数的变化情况,分析了不同槽道高度以及不同唇口钝化半径的凹腔槽道构型对...     

超声速氩气流磁流体发电初步实验研究(英文)

利用激波风洞,采用氦气驱动氩气,在平衡接触面运行方式下得到高温气体,通过在低压段注入电离种子K2CO3粉末,实现高温条件下导电流体的产生,开展了超声速氩气流磁流体功率提取初步实验研究。在喷管入口总压0.32MPa、总温6504K,磁场强度约0.5T、喷管出口气流速度1959m/s的条件下,对分段磁流体功率提取通道电极的感应电压和短路电流进行了测量,实验测量结果与理论计算相吻合,并由电压电流计算得出了平均电导率约20S/m左右,在负载系数为0.5的情况下,磁流体功率提取通道最大的功率密度可达4.7971MW/m3,最大焓提取率为0.34%。最后分析并给出了气体状态参数T1,M1,T2,M2的测试原理与方法。     

P70霍尔推力器新型缓冲腔磁路对预电离及放电的影响

为有效利用从P70霍尔推力器放电通道进入缓冲腔的快电子能量,考虑两个磁场特征以提高缓冲腔预电离率。一是提高磁感应强度,二是缓冲腔内从气体分配器到放电通道方向的负梯度。采用FEMM有限元磁场计算软件,在不改变推力器电离和加速通道内优化磁场特征的前提下,设计的新型缓冲腔磁路满足上述磁场特征。放电实验结果表明,在新型缓冲腔磁路下放电电流低频振荡幅值更小。新型磁路有助于延长推力器寿命,有助于电离和加速通道内电离与加速区的分离。     

发动机叶片流道内辐射换热的数值计算

应用贴体坐标系下辐射传递方程的离散坐标法，数值模拟了三维叶片流道内的辐射换热，计算了进口燃气总温分别为1673K和2193K时，发动机叶片流道内燃气对发动机机匣、轮毂和叶片的入射辐射热流密度。数值模拟表明，当进口燃气总温增加29.9%时，入射辐射热流密度将增加188%～212%。与直角坐标系下有限体积法的计算结果比较，二者非常接近。     

内燃波转子技术对燃气涡轮发动机性能影响

为研究内燃波转子技术提高燃气涡轮发动机性能变化规律,建立内燃波转子燃气涡轮发动机热力循环分析模型,开展内燃波转子通道出口气流马赫数、压气机压比等参数变化对燃气涡轮发动机性能的影响研究,探讨了内燃波转子燃气涡轮发动机热力循环状态参数变化规律.研究结果表明:当压气机压比等于3.6时,发动机比推力和热循环总效率最大提高23.709%,耗油率最大减少19.165%;当通道出口气流马赫数等于0.6时,发动机比推力最大增幅达23.736%,此时压气机压比为4.4、发动机热循环总效率32.216%和耗油率减少24.366%,熵增减少7.864%,验证了内燃波转子技术能够提高燃气涡轮发动机总体性能.研究结果为深入开展内燃波转子燃气涡轮发动机基础理论和关键技术研究奠定基础.      

通道参数对再生冷却通道流动换热的影响

应用RSM模型对冷却通道的流动与换热进行了三维数值模拟,冷却剂为气氢,考虑其物性随温度和压力的变化.所得结果表明:增加壁面粗糙度使冷却剂换热强化,但会增加流阻损失;在突扩突缩区域会出现旋涡,旋涡使局部流阻损失加大且使湍流加强,壁温在旋涡出现处降低;冷却通道内的流动发展不受入口湍流强度的影响;冷却剂离心力引发径向平面内的二次流动,二次流引起的冷却剂质量重新分布使传热在凹曲率段强化,凸曲率段恶化.      

汽雾两相流强化冷却燃气轮机叶片内冷通道

实验研究了方形通道这一重型燃气轮机中常用叶片强制对流冷却通道结构.分析了雷诺数、壁面热流密度以及水雾质量流量比等关键参数对汽雾冷却通道的传热特性的影响,并建立了考虑离散相水雾的流动工况和通道壁面加热条件的实验关联式.结果表明:相对于纯蒸汽,汽雾两相流的传热系数显著提高,且传热性能提高的幅度随热流密度的增大而减小,随雷诺数和水雾质量流量比的增大而增大;通道上壁面平均传热系数低于下壁面,在高热流密度和低水雾质量流量比下,两者相差约13%,而在低热流密度与高水雾质量流量比的情况下,该比值增加到约25%.