关于飞机电缆电磁屏蔽完整性的探讨

飞机电气线路互联系统中,电缆线束屏蔽端接处理的方式决定着电磁屏蔽的完整性,直接影响飞机电磁兼容和防护效能。针对部分现役飞机线束中存在的多根电缆屏蔽层引线串联端接的情况,从电磁屏蔽原理出发,对"pigtail"效应进行定性分析,并结合相关行业标准,给出电缆线束屏蔽端接处理方式的一些建议。     

机载电子设备屏蔽效能测试与优化

随着航空工业的发展,高强辐射场（HIRF）对机载电子设备的影响越来越大。因此开展对飞机上已经投入使用的机载电子设备屏蔽效能的测试与优化的研究具有重要的意义。基于RTCA/DO-160G和GJB 5185—2003建立HIRF的测试环境,在该电磁环境下对机载电子设备进行屏蔽效能的测试,分析了不同测试位置、不同入射面以及不同极化方式对屏蔽效能的影响。获得了机载通信设备的主要耦合通道,并针对不同耦合通道提出了通用性的优化方法。研究结果可为机载电子设备HIRF的测试以及屏蔽体的优化提供参考意见。     

基于FEM的惯导系统电磁屏蔽效能仿真分析

机箱电磁屏蔽效能的优劣影响惯导系统的电磁兼容性能,而孔缝是造成电磁泄露的重要原因。本文运用FEM分析计算软件Ansoft HFSS,分析了缝隙的形状和不同组合对机箱屏蔽效能和谐振频率的影响,提出了改进措施提高屏蔽效能。并对惯导系统电子设备机箱的设计进行了比较,为选择屏蔽效能较好的设计提供了依据。     

飞机总体参数与作战效能的关系研究

用计算机辅助飞机设计程序研究了飞机总体参数与作战效能的关系,并在选定的约束条件下对作战效能进行了优化设计和参数敏感性分析。研究表明,如起飞重量一定,则靠飞机性能的改善仅能使作战效能提高２０％～３０％,而装备先进雷达和中程导弹可使作战效能提高１５０％以上。     

碳纤维复合材料的屏蔽效能

碳纤维复合材料的屏蔽效能对系统抗电磁脉冲设计具有重要影响。本文通过理论分析建立了碳

纤维复合材料的屏蔽效能模型,研究了频率、厚度等因素对碳纤维复合材料屏蔽效能的影响。结果表明,碳纤

维复合材料具有较为良好的屏蔽效能,屏蔽效能在频率拐点以下随频率变化较小,在频率拐点以上随频率增大

迅速增大,并通过了试验验证。

     

弹上电子设备小结构体屏效测试与优化

针对弹上小尺寸结构体由于尺寸原因导致屏蔽效能难以量化评价的问题,提出了两种小尺寸屏蔽体屏蔽效能的测量方法:辐射发射法、辐射敏感度法。在研究测试方法的基础上,进行了屏蔽体屏蔽效能优化的工作,采用改变搭接型式、改进涂敷工艺等方法,以改善屏蔽体的屏效,并测试验证优化效果。     

飞机连接器尾附件屏蔽接地设计介绍

飞机电缆布线中的屏蔽接地设计是影响飞机系统电磁兼容性的一个重要因素。除特殊区域外,电缆屏蔽接地优先选择连接器尾附件接地形式。主要介绍了飞机布线设计中用于屏蔽接地设计的连接器尾附件系列种类的对比和选择,希望对飞机布线系统设计有所帮助。     

绝缘电阻测量在ARJ21飞机故障排除中的应用

随着屏蔽布线在飞机上大量使用,电缆的绝缘与屏蔽出现损伤或污染造成瞬时短路导致的飞机故障越来越多,且故障的隐蔽性高,在地面难以复现,线路的导通与短路测试又无法发现缺陷。成都航空在国产民机ARJ21飞机上不断探索与总结,通过对线路绝缘电阻的检查,快速准确找出了缺陷线路,避免了部件的误拆换,缩短了停场排故时间,提高了飞机利用率。     

作战飞机效能分析研究综述

作战飞机效能分析在作战飞机设计及其作战各发挥着重要作用。总结了作战飞机效能分析理论的发展历程，从作战飞机效能概念、效能分析基本方法等方面阐述了作战飞机效能分析研究现状，提出了作战飞机效能分析模型体系，并指出了未来的研究重点。     

飞机战伤抢修保障效能及评估研究

飞机战伤抢修保障效能分析是飞机抢修性设计和飞机战伤抢修保障决策的基础,本文分析了飞机战伤抢修保障系统的要素和活动,研究了飞机战伤抢修保障效能的内涵,探讨了飞机战伤抢修保障系统的效能模型、效能指标和效能评估方法。     

Performance analysis of radar antenna systems

If modern airborne radar systems are to function properly, the radar antenna radiation patterns must meet certain specifications. Until recently, most radar antennas were designed and tested in a clean antenna environment, i.e., there is no near field scattering from host structures or radome effects. However, these higher order effects are the matter of increasing concern with added performance demands in the ever-increasing jammer and clutter interference environments. We investigated the capabilities and limitations of currently available analysis techniques and computer codes for installed performance of airborne radar antenna systems. Then we developed an extended ray-optical technique that could predict total installed performance of airborne radar antenna systems, i.e., the near field scattering from aircraft structures and radome effects. The new analysis technique utilized a ray-tracing method in both airframe and radome simulation. Thus, it can efficiently predict the total installed performance of large radar antenna systems on an aircraft structure     

Control strategies for aircraft airframe noise reduction

With the development of low-noise aircraft engine, airframe noise now represents a major noise source during the commercial aircraft’s approach to landing phase. Noise control efforts have therefore been extensively focused on the airframe noise problems in order to further reduce aircraft overall noise. In this review, various control methods explored in the last decades for noise reduction on airframe components including high-lift devices and landing gears are summarized. We introduce recent major achievements in airframe noise reduction with passive control methods such as fairings, deceleration plates, splitter plates, acoustic liners, slat cove cover and side-edge replacements, and then discuss the potential and control mechanism of some promising active flow control strategies for airframe noise reduction, such as plasma technique and air blowing/suction devices. Based on the knowledge gained throughout the extensively noise control testing, a few design concepts on the landing gear, high-lift devices and whole aircraft are provided for advanced aircraft low-noise design. Finally, discussions and suggestions are given for future research on airframe noise reduction.     

传导干扰研究

传导发射是沿电源线或信号线传输的电磁发射,在低频范围内,传导发射是电磁干扰的主要形式。如不采取措施,几乎所有的电子、电气设备电源线的传导发射都得超标,若将这些设备安装在飞机上,它将严重地威胁着机上其他设备的正常工作。本文对各种脉冲波形的频谱进行了比较,并对整流器的谐波发射进行了分析,最后介绍了降低传导发射的设计方法。     

盒式机翼布局大型飞机横航向飞行品质研究

经计算并和常规布局大型飞机对比分析,给出了盒式机翼布局大型飞机的气动特点;然后研究了盒式机翼布局大型飞机本体横航向飞行品质;针对盒式机翼布局本体飞机横航向飞行品质较差的问题,研究了提高盒式机翼布局飞机横航向飞行品质的有效方法.研究结果表明:盒式机翼布局大型飞机具有良好的升阻特性和特殊的横航向气动特性;修改布局参数对提高...     

背撑发动机进排气对翼身融合民机气动特性影响

针对翼身融合(BWB)背撑发动机布局民机的发动机与机体流动干扰问题,以项目团队研究的某BWB布局民机方案为研究对象,采用CFD方法研究了发动机进排气对全机低、高速气动特性的影响规律及其流动机理。结果表明:进排气效应主要影响飞机的高速阻力特性,随着发动机进气流量的减小,机体/短舱之间流动干扰加剧,机体零升阻力增加；进排气效应对低速状态升力和俯仰力矩的影响主要由发动机的抽吸作用对机体表面流动的干扰引起。发动机不同的进气流量会对全机的升阻力特性产生较大影响,在BWB布局机体/发动机一体化设计中,要充分考虑机体与动力装置之间的干扰影响,同时权衡不同进排气状态对机体和发动机当地流动的影响。      

Optimized RF test range for educational purposes

Both the design and construction of a composite scale airframe and the equipment for an anechoic test range plus the in-house production of absorptive wall covering-all for engineering education-are briefly described. It is shown, that low cost home-made absorbing material with an attenuation of 30 dB or more can be designed. Waveguide and ground plane antennas for test purposes can be constructed from surplus materials. In this case the design and measurements of a 3 GHz antenna pair are shown. Finally, as a test object, a cheap yet effective scale model of a modern fighter aircraft is used for measurements of radar cross section and antenna installations. As a demonstration of the total system capabilities, the measurement of installed F-18 antennas is shown     

基于高阶等效系统的飞行品质辨识方法

为了得到电传飞机的本体参数,分离出控制系统的影响,提出了一种高阶等效系统的概念。通过将电传飞机的传递函数分成飞机本体的短周期运动模型和等效控制系统模型两部分,讨论和分析了1G构型传递函数的仿真数据基于高阶等效系统模型的参数辨识原理。计算结果表明,高阶等效系统的辨识方法是可信的,可以得到电传飞机的本体动态参数。     

Self-Cohering an Airborne e Radio Camera

By distributing antenna elements or small subarrays throughout the skin of an aircraft, a large portion of the airframe can act as an electromagnetic transducer. The basic problem associated with such a design is that uncertainties in element locations due to the nonrigidness of the airframe induce phase errors. Self-cohering techniques are required to compensate for those errors. Four such techniques are presented here.     

Model and full scale high-lift wing wind tunnel experiments dedicated to airframe noise reduction

During landing approach, airframe noise has become a significant contributor to the overall radiated noise from commercial aircraft, when propelled by quiet high-bypass-ratio engines. The major sources of airframe noise are the landing gears and the wing high-lift devices (HLD). In view of European aviation industry to design and build a very large commercial aeroplane, the A3XX, a German National Research Project was initiated, culminating in a series of model- und full scale wind tunnel experiments on HLD. This paper discusses recent results from HLD-studies in the German Dutch Wind Tunnel (DNW) on a 1/7.5 scaled complete model aircraft and the outer section of an A320 full scale wing, employing farfield microphones, unsteady pressure instrumentation and source localization techniques to quantify airframe noise levels and identify the major aeroacoustic sources. The tests provided a baseline data set for the development of noise prediction schemes. Test results obtained on the full scale wing section revealed the importance of excess noise from construction details of a real wing HLD. Tonal components in scale model flap side-edge surface pressure spectra were found to originate from scale model Reynolds number effects. The acoustic effectiveness of initial noise reduction concepts was assessed.     

A phase controlled antenna system for anti-jamming purposes

A phase controlled antenna system has been constructed for aircraft EW purposes. With only two radiating elements conventionally installed on top of the fuselage, the system is capable of introducing a 30 dB radiation pattern minimum to desired or optimized directions. The system uses computer controlled parallel down conversion technique, which gives the freedom to automatically adjust for any anomalies in the respective individual element patterns, normally caused by the airframe structures. The same computer can be used for active search-and-minimize procedures. Extensive tests have been performed with an F-18 scale model to verify the system performance