复合材料模具模块化、规范化、数字化快速设计研究

复合材料构件成型模具规范化敏捷设计技术是飞机数字化制造的关键技术之一。根据复合材料热压罐固化成型模具的特点,分析了模具的结构特征、设计规范以及参数化设计的可行性,提出了复合材料固化成型模具模块化和参数设计的算法,在CATIA环境下开发实现了完整的复合材料固化模具设计的功能,并进行了实例化验证,为复合材料构件模具设计提供了一个有效的方法。     

复合材料构件成型模具的参数化设计

文摘实现复合材料构件成型工装的快速设计对缩短生产准备时间、提高构件质量具有重要意义。本文分析了复合材料构件成型模具的结构和建模特点及要求,提取了结构各部分的设计参数;基于CATIA和CAA平台开发了复合材料构件成型模具设计系统,并应用于飞机复合材料构件的成型模具设计中,验证了本文方法的可行性。     

复合材料热压罐固化框架式成型模具的参数化设计

为解决复合材料热压罐固化框架式成型模具设计过程中重复性工作较多、设计效率较低、后续修改困难等问题,将参数化设计技术分为尺寸和拓扑结构的参数化设计两个方面,并运用于模具设计中。模具尺寸的参数化设计在分析模具结构特点的基础上,提取出模具的主要设计参数,利用自顶向下的设计思路规划了模具的参数化设计流程;引入参数追溯概念,提出对主要设计参数进行追溯的方法,以便通过参数驱动模具尺寸的快速修改。模具拓扑结构的参数化设计结合CATIA的知识工程模块与面向对象的技术,实现参数化变更模具的拓扑结构。基于CATIA CAA二次开发平台,开发了复合材料固化框架式成型模具参数化设计系统,并给出实例验证。     

复合材料构件成型模具温度场均匀性改善研究

利用Fluent流体分析软件对框架式成型模具温度场进行了模拟仿真,分析了成型模具型板表面温度分布不均匀的原因,此外还提出了使用方差这一统计量来评价温度的均匀性。根据热阻与材料厚度成正比的特点,采用对成型模具的高温区域增厚、对低温区域减厚的方法,来改善型板和复合材料构件接触表面的温度均匀性。模拟仿真结果表明,采用阶梯型和梯形非等厚型板使得复合材料构件接触型板表面的温度分布更加均匀,对于改善复合材料构件最终的成型质量有重大影响。     

分段铸造式飞机雷达罩成型模具的参数化设计

针对采用分段铸造式设计制造的复合材料飞机雷达罩的成型模具,将参数化设计方法运用到其设计中,能够提高设计效率、缩短设计周期。通过分析成型模具的结构特点和建模要求,结合工装设计人员的经验,确定其参数化设计流程。通过分析成型模具各段的具体结构,提取成型模具各段的主要设计参数。基于CATIA开发出分段铸造式飞机雷达罩成型模具的参数化设计系统。     

飞机复合材料构件工装的数字化设计

基于模块化、参数化方法,将数字化技术用于飞机复合材料制造工装的设计中,可有效简化设计过程,显著提高设计效率。本文介绍了成型模具设计向导和装配工装设计软件设计流程,基于CATIACAA实现了相应功能,给出了设计实例,为飞机复合材料构件制造工装设计提供了一条有效的途径。     

一种基于方钢管骨架的壁板成型模具

针对大型飞机机身复合材料壁板试验件,从模具的刚度要求、使用要求、成本要求等方面确定了模具设计边界条件;为了满足模具设计的边界条件要求,提出了一种基于方钢管骨架的壁板成型模具。在进行模具设计时,首先对比各种常用模具材料的优缺点并最终确定模具采用"INVAR"钢材料;然后介绍了模具的结构布局和结构尺寸参数,并通过有限元模拟的方法,对模具的整体刚度和起吊工况的强度进行了模拟计算。计算结果表明模具的整体刚度较好,能够满足设计要求。从模具整体刚度和模具重量两方面与框架式隔板模具对比,方钢管骨架的壁板成型模具具有更大的优势。     

飞机装配型架内型板快速设计方法

为提高飞机装配型架内型板的设计质量与设计效率,分析内型板的结构特点与设计流程,开发了一款飞机装配型架内型板快速设计工具。该工具统一了内型板设计的流程,并针对性解决了传统内型板设计过程中遇到的3个关键问题:建立内型板基体的参数化模型、提出快速提取算法与自动延伸算法分割生成内型板工作面、提出内型板凹槽的批量设计方法,最后给出了快速设计工具的具体应用实例。     

碳／环氧复合材料结构件的模具设计

在整个碳/环氧复合材料构件的成形工艺中,模具通常起着十分重要的作用,构件的形状越复杂,模具的重要性越显著。本文通过几种已为实践验证的模具设计实例,初步探讨了碳/环氧复合材料构件的模具设计问题。     

浅析复合材料框架式成型模具设计技术

对于大尺寸复合材料零件成型所用的大型框架式模具,在设计过程中需要使模型建模及更改快速化,需要详细分析模具在实际使用工况下的应力及变形、模具在固化过程中的温度分布及变形情况,并在设计过程中考虑尺寸补偿及回弹补偿,以使模具设计达到高效、精准、优化的目的;使模具结构更好地满足复材零件成型精度要求.     

ν-gap度量及其在飞行控制律评估中的应用

 传统控制律评估方法主要用于单输入单输出（SISO）系统，且对模型参数摄动考虑不够全面,针对这些不足，研究了ν-gap度量方法。在介绍系统广义稳定裕度相关概念的基础上，给出了ν-gap度量的定义、特点和性质以及近似摄动模型的计算，提出ν-gap度量评估控制律的步骤。实例结果表明，该方法不仅克服了上述传统评估方法的缺陷，而且还有根据所求的各摄动影响情况忽略影响小的元素，以减少计算量及可以找到最坏情况下的参数摄动组合等优点。     

Integrated Entry Guidance for Reusable Launch Vehicle

A method for the implementation of integrated three-degree-of-freedom constrained entry guidance for reusable launch vehicle is presented. Given any feasible entry conditions, terminal area energy management interface conditions, and the reference trajectory generated onboard then, the method can generate a longitudinal guidance profile rapidly, featuring linear quadratic regular method and a proportional-integral-derivative tracking law with time-varying gains, which satisfies all the entry corridor constraints and meets the requirements with high precision. Afterwards, by utilizing special features of crossrange parameter, establishing bank-reversal corridor, and determining bank-reversals according to dynamically adjusted method, the algorithm enables the lateral entry guidance system to fly a wide range of missions and provides reliable and good performance in the presence of significant aerodynamic modeling uncertainty. Fast trajectory guidance profiles and simulations with a reusable launch vehicle model for various missions and aerodynamic uncertain-ties are presented to demonstrate the capacity and reliability of this method.     

基于飞机油箱模型形状特征油量测量切片步长选择方法研究

 在分析飞机数字式油量测量过程中目前广泛使用的切片法油量测量原理的基础上,针对现有的定步长切片法无法得到准确、可靠的燃油质量特性数据库的缺陷,结合对飞机油箱模型形状特征的分析,提出了基于飞机油箱模型形状特征的油量测量切片步长选择方法。此方法包括切片步长整体和局部选择两个过程,整体选择以实现相邻两切片平面所夹油箱模型体积近似相等为目的来确定切片步长,以体现油箱模型截面整体变化规律;局部选择以设计切片平面与截面突变平面重合或尽可能接近的方式,突出油箱截面的局部变化特征。实验结果表明：该切片步长选择方法较定步长方法能够建立更为合理、可靠的燃油质量特性数据库,从而提高了油量测量精度。     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

二维翼段颤振的μ控制

 采用超声电机作为作动器来实现含控制面的翼段颤振鲁棒抑制。针对作者设计的二维翼段颤振主动抑制系统，通过理论与实验相结合的方法，建立了考虑沉浮方向阻尼和作动器模型参数不确定性的控制系统模型，设计了μ控制器，并对控制器做了降阶处理。数值仿真和风洞试验表明，μ控制器可有效地抑制颤振的发生，将颤振临界速度提高23.4%。相对于H_∞控制器，μ控制器的控制效果和鲁棒性更好。     

航空发动机管路测量数据分割方法

 为了提高航空发动机管路测量数据的反求建模效率,提出了一种区域增长分割算法。该方法主要是利用管路表面在曲面索引系数映射、主曲率映射、高斯映射上的特性,并基于均值漂移算法和遗传算法提出了区域分割算法中种子区域的选择策略。然后利用区域增长分割方法实现了对管路测量数据的分割。经过仿真和实测数据验证,所提管路分割算法具有较好的分割质量和效率。     

Abnormal Shape Mould Winding

为解决网格化芯模的缠绕问题,本文提出了复合材料面片缠绕机理;接着详细分析了面片缠绕过程中的芯模凹曲面上纤维滑线和架空现象,应用微分几何曲面理论和空间几何理论,提出判据及其解决方案;最后,针对飞机发动机进气道的缠绕成型,编制缠绕控制程序并进行相应的实验,验证了面片缠绕方法的可行性。     

Interfacial Properties Modification of Carbon Fiber/ Polyarylacetylene Composites

This work was dedicated to performing surface oxidation and coating treatments on carbon fibers (CF) and investigating the changes of fiber surface properties after these treatments, including surface composition, relative volume of functional groups, and sur- face topography with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and atom force microscopy (AFM) technology. The results show that, after oxidation treatments, interfacial properties between CF and non-polar polyarylacetylene (PAA) resin are remarkably modified by removing weak surface layers and increasing fiber surface roughness. Coating treatment by high char phenolic resin solution after oxida- tion makes interface of CF/PAA composites to be upgraded and the interfacial properties further bettered.     

Thermal Stresses and Cracks During the Growth of Large-sized Sapphire with SAPMAC Method

本文利用有限元法对冷心放肩微量提拉法(SAPMAC)生长大尺寸蓝宝石单晶过程中的热应力进行了模拟计算,应用临界缺陷理论解释了裂纹的萌生与扩展机理。研究表明,晶体内的热应力主要与晶体生长速率,环境温度和结晶取向有关;较大热应力多出现在结晶界面,放肩、收尾以及直径急剧变化等位置;最大热应力总是出现在籽晶与新生晶体的界面附近。裂纹将在临界缺陷位置产生,并在应力作用下沿a或m面扩展。计算结果与实验结果基本吻合,通过晶体生长系统和生长工艺的改进,对晶体的开裂问题得到了有效的抑制。     

Optimization Design System for Composite Structures Based on Grid Technology

To solve the topology optimization of complicated multi-objective continuous/discrete design variables in aircmit structure design, a Parallel Pareto Genetic Algorithm （PPGA） is presented based on grid platform in this paper. In the algorithm, the commercial finite element analysis （FEA） software is integrated as the calculating tool for analyzing the objective functions and the filter of Pareto solution set based on weight information is introduced to deal with the relationships among all objectives. Grid technology is utilized in PPGA to realize the distributed computations and the user interface is developed to realize the job submission and job management locally/remotely. Taking the aero-elastic tailoring of a composite wing for optimization as an example, a set of Pareto solutions are obtained for the decision-maker. The numerical results show that the aileron reversal problem can be solved by adding the limited skin weight in this system. The algorithm can be used to solve complicated topology optimization for composite structures in engineering and the computation efficiency can be improved greatly by using the grid platform that aggregates numerous idle resources.