“和平号”空间站SGCMG系统及其操纵

综述了“和平号”空间站ＳＧＣＭＧ系统的组成和操纵，并给出了梯度型操纵律回避奇异的一般化解释。同时指出，奇异问题和失效操纵问题是ＳＧＣＭＧ系统的两个重要问题，也是今后ＳＧＣＭＧ系统研究的主要课题。     

航天用电连接器的解体失效分析

航天用电连接器在使用过程中由于结构不可靠造成解体，是危及整个系统工程成败的致命失效。总结并分析了近年来出现的多起解体失效案例，在阐明解体失效模式和失效机理的基础上，提出针对性的检验和防止解体失效的措施。     

用单框架控制力矩陀螺的大型航天器姿态控制系统实物仿真研究

利用三轴气浮台模拟航天器空间力学环境，进行了单框架控制力矩陀螺(SGCMG)姿态控制／动量管理系统全实物仿真研究。推导了大型航天器姿态控制／动量管理系统数学模型。设计调试了实物仿真系统。研究了单框架控制力矩陀螺奇异回避问题、失效操纵问题和动量管理优化问题。证明了系统构形分析、奇异性分析和操纵律设计的正确性和有效性。通过大型航天器姿态控制／动量管理系统实物仿真，检验了设计方案的可行性和系统硬、软件的可靠性。     

星载光纤陀螺三轴组合热仿真研究

研究的目的是分析和优化光纤陀螺三轴组合的热设计方案。从光纤陀螺三轴组合内部热源出发，使用FLOTHERM软件建立了主电路板仿真模型，进行分析解算，得到了主电路板在室温条件下达到稳定状态的温度云图，并与红外热扫描结果加以分析比较，验证了所建模型的正确性。在此基础上，对光纤陀螺三轴组合温度场进行了仿真分析，发现了电路板过热和光纤环温度分布不均匀等问题，提出了改进措施，仿真结果表明，新的设计方案解决了以上问题。     

星上典型耗损失效单机寿命评估研究

围绕卫星长寿命的需求,针对锂电池、飞轮、太阳电池阵、半液浮陀螺4类具有典型耗损失效特征的寿命关键单机,在失效机理分析的基础上提出了相应的寿命评估方法,利用产品地面试验和在轨飞行数据,得到了4类产品的寿命预测曲线和寿命评估值。本文提出的寿命评估方法符合工程实际,对有关单位具有重要的参考价值。     

光纤陀螺的现状与开发动向

从光纤陀螺的原理、分类出发全面介绍了世界各国光纤陀螺的研究进展和开发动向。分别探讨了各种光纤陀螺的技术问题与解决措施。最后肯定了诸振腔式光纤陀螺的开发方向，并认为有可能成为更小型的高性能光纤陀螺。     

半球谐振陀螺控制及补偿技术

首先介绍了半球谐振陀螺(HRG)发展历程，分析国内外研究现状并总结了现阶段半球谐振陀螺发展趋势；其次讨论了半球谐振陀螺控制技术，包括不同条件下驻波的激励检测方法、陀螺工作模式、驻波控制方案，以及一种全新的频率调制控制方案；另外，分别以驻波调制补偿、电极增益补偿、多陀螺补偿以及环境载荷补偿为例，分析了控制方案补偿、器件补偿、系统补偿以及场景补偿等四种半球谐振陀螺补偿技术；最后通过对现有技术和研究的分析，提出了半球谐振陀螺控制及补偿技术未来的发展方向。     

不完整结构系统刚度可靠性分析

基于结构强度可靠性分析的基础之上，提出了不完整结构(结构系统中有部分元件已失效，但结构未变成机构仍具有一定的承载能力)刚度可靠性的分析方法。该方法考虑了元件因强度失效对结构系统刚度可靠性的影响，以条件概率的形式给出了不完整结构因刚度失效所对应的模式失效概率。并且导出了条件概率所对应的等效安全余量的形式，进而计算在各失效历程中的各失效模式之间的相关性和刚度失效概率。算例表明这样分析符合结构在变成机构之前在使用各阶段刚度可靠性的真实情况，为结构的合理利用起指导作用。     

国外环形激光陀螺研制现状与应用

本文简述了环形激光陀螺(RLG)的原理、研制动向及其在战略武器中的应用,并对美国斯佩里公司的ASLG—15和霍尼韦尔公司的GG—1300RLG及日本研制的RLG进行了比较。     

航天电连接器失效预防

介绍了航天电连接器常见的接触不良，绝缘不良，固定不良和密封不良等致命失效形成的原因，探讨了预防航天电连接器失效应采取的措施，并针对不同的失效机理提出了预防失效的可靠性检验项目。     

The Space within Fisherman's Folly: Playing with a Puzzle in Mereotopology

Abstract

In this paper we propose a spatial ontology for reasoning about holes, rigid objects and a string, taking a classical puzzle as a motivating example. In this ontology the domain is composed of spatial regions whereby a theory about holes is defined over a mereotopological basis. Within this theory we define a data structure, named chain, that facilitates a clear and efficient representation of the puzzle states and its solution.     

Modelling of Ejecta as a Space Debris Source

When a micro-debris or a micrometeoroid impacts a spacecraft surface, a large number of secondary particles, called ejecta, are produced. These particles can contribute to a modification of the debris environment: either locally by the occurrence of secondary impacts on the components of complex and large space structures, or at great distance by the formation of a population of small orbital debris. This paper describes firstly, the ejecta overall production, and secondly, the lifetime and the orbital evolution of the particles. Finally the repartition of ejecta in LEO is computed. Some results describing the population as a function of size and altitude are presented.     

移动自组网MAC协议组网和业务调度算法研究

为满足无中心的移动自组网对多变网络拓扑、实时通信和网络规模可扩展的需求,提出一种网络建立时间短、时延短和信道利用率高的MAC协议策略。通过网络分簇组网算法建立健壮高效的组网模型,利用时隙动态复用算法实现基于竞争的TDMA接入协议,从而提高信道利用率和网络吞吐量。在NS2中对单簇20个节点作性能仿真,分析多种队形的网络拓扑以及端到端时延,并对固定TDMA和基于竞争的TDMA接入方式做了对比实验。仿真结果显示,各种拓扑结构的网络建立时间都很短,基于竞争的TDMA接入方式相比固定TDMA可获得更高的网络吞吐量和更短的端到端时延。     

月面巡视器的任务层路径规划

使用巡视器对月球表面进行巡视探测是一种高效率、低成本的月球探测方法。路径规划作为巡视器的一项重要技术,通常把它作为导航系统的一部分,只考虑地形通过性的问题。实际上除了地形通过性,还有很多因素对路径选择起到决定性的作用。针对月面巡视器,在大范围区域综合考虑地形、能源、热控、通信等全局因素,给出了一种新的路径规划方法——实时贪婪（Realtime Greedy,RG）算法。运用该算法得到了任务层路径,为巡视器的导航系统提供路标点,并为巡视器的动作安排提供了依据。     

Mission analysis and systems design of a near-term and far-term pole-sitter mission

This paper provides a detailed mission analysis and systems design of a near-term and far-term pole-sitter mission. The pole-sitter concept was previously introduced as a solution to the poor temporal resolution of polar observations from highly inclined, low Earth orbits and the poor high-latitude coverage from geostationary orbit. It considers a spacecraft that is continuously above either the north or south pole and, as such, can provide real-time, continuous and hemispherical coverage of the polar regions. Being on a non-Keplerian orbit, a continuous thrust is required to maintain the pole-sitter position. For this, two different propulsion strategies are proposed, which result in a near-term pole-sitter mission using solar electric propulsion (SEP) and a far-term pole-sitter mission where the SEP thruster is hybridized with a solar sail. For both propulsion strategies, minimum propellant pole-sitter orbits are designed. In order to maximize the spacecraft mass at the start of the operations phase of the mission, the transfer from Earth to the pole-sitter orbit is designed and optimized assuming either a Soyuz or an Ariane 5 launch. The maximized mass upon injection into the pole-sitter orbit is subsequently used in a detailed mass budget analysis that will allow for a trade-off between mission lifetime and payload mass capacity. Also, candidate payloads for a range of applications are investigated. Finally, transfers between north and south pole-sitter orbits are considered to overcome the limitations in observations due to the tilt of the Earth's rotational axis that causes the poles to be alternately situated in darkness. It will be shown that in some cases these transfers allow for propellant savings, enabling a further extension of the pole-sitter mission.     

A performance comparison of ultrasonically aided electric propulsion extractor configurations

As a novel propulsion technology, ultrasonically aided electric propulsion (UAEP) offers a high specific impulse and a high thrust density. In this paper, the effects of extractor grid configuration on performance of a UAEP thruster have been investigated by both experimental studies and numerical simulation. Relationships between spray current and operation parameters, including applied voltage, propellant flow rate, and vibration power and frequency, are explored for different extractor mesh sizes and shapes. Numerical simulation is also carried out for a better understanding of the formation of capillary standing waves as well as the electric field distribution in the acceleration zone. Experimental results show that compared with a circular shaped extractor, a reticular shaped extractor is able to produce a higher spray current. The current density increases with a denser mesh, which agrees well with the numerical simulation results. This phenomenon indicates that optimizing extractors with appropriate shapes and sizes can be an effective way to improve the performance of a UAEP system. A performance evaluation based on hydrodynamic and electrostatic calculations indicates that the present UAEP system can produce a thrust competitive to that of the colloid thruster with an emitter array.     

基于接触理论的一类带锁定机构的间隙铰链分析模型研究

重点研究一类在我国航天器上得到广泛应用的带有锁定机构的间隙铰链，基于接触理论建立了该类型间隙铰链的分析模型。首先，将铰链零件间的接触力假设为单向的非线性弹簧，并将铰链简化为由非线性弹簧组约束的摆；然后。将展开扭簧假设为线性力矩弹簧，得到包含间隙影响的铰链的力矩-转角关系曲线。通过仿真分析和试验验证，认为铰链的力矩转角关系曲线是分段光滑的。是铰链结构尺寸、零件间隙以及材料特性的函数。呈现出明显的非线性特征。     

The impact of culture on human and space development--new millennial challenge

The Space Age is causing new applications to the concept of culture, a human coping tool. The exploration and exploitation of outer space resources are altering human culture both on Earth and in orbit. For the first time in history, our species need not merely react and adapt to environment, but plan for a space culture appropriate for extraterrestrial migration. The impact of culture can be analyzed in terms of how space developments alter human perceptions and behavior on this planet; the emergence of a new culture to suit the orbital environment; the organizations that build spacecraft and deploy people aloft; and the technological systems created for spacefaring. This article presents a paradigm for analyzing some of the non-technical human factors involved in space undertakings. It also offers a method for classifying a culture according to ten categories which may be applied both to a macroculture, such as a lunar base; or a microculture, such as a space agency or crew. Human enterprise in space is viewed as both altering the species, and providing a challenge for expanded behavioral and biological scientific research on living and working in space.     

Qualification and in-flight demonstration of a European tether deployment system on YES2

This paper highlights the design, qualification and mission performance of the tether deployer system on the second Young Engineers’ Satellite (YES2), that featured a tethered momentum transfer. The deployer is designed with a broad range of near-term tether applications in mind. The system contains the tether, including features to enhance safety and wound up in controlled manner onto a spool core, optical deployment sensors, a “barberpole” friction brake controlled by a stepper motor and a triple tether cutter system. To initiate the deployment a spring-based ejection system was developed, and to apply accurate momentum transfer a timer and release system is present on the subsatellite side. A small, 6 kg re-entry capsule was developed as subsatellite. On September 25th, 2007, YES2 deployed a 32 km tether in orbit and gathered a wealth of data. Confidence is gained from the mission results for use of the deployer in future missions.     

磁阻尼对火星探测器降落过程的动力学效应

火星稀薄的大气使得探测器再入火星时难以获得足够的减速阻力,为此,文章提出利用磁阻尼增加阻力的概念。高速再入的探测器与火星大气剧烈摩擦产生等离子体,利用探测器上的磁偶极场将等离子体捕获,同时在火星大气中形成一个“磁泡”区域并跟随探测器。由“磁泡”束缚的等离子体与来流的中性气体发生碰撞获得动量,又通过磁场作用将动量传递给探测器,从而使探测器获得一定的减速阻力。在磁阻尼的作用下,在同样的开伞高度探测器速度可降至更低,而低速开伞又可提高阻力伞打开的可靠性。因此,磁阻尼不仅可加快降低再入速度,而且还有助于提高探测器着陆火星的安全性。