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以隔热瓦、氯化锂相变复合材料、硝酸锂定形相变复合材料和季戊四醇定形相变复合材料为原料制备了隔热-相变复合热防护构件及其纯隔热对比样,采用快速升温单侧加热装置测试了其在1 200℃下的长时热防护性能。结果表明,相同加热时间7 650 s,复合热防护构件及纯隔热对比样的背温分别为222.3、644.0℃,复合热防护构件的隔热能力更强。在相近背温条件下,复合热防护构件背温199.5℃时,其控温时间为6 780 s,而纯隔热对比样背温199.7℃时,其控温时间为3 135s,复合热防护构件的控温时间更长。 相似文献
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为考察纳米孔径的酚醛树脂基泡沫碳材料的烧蚀与隔热性能,以酚醛树脂为碳源,环戊烷为发泡剂,吐温80为表面活性剂,对甲苯磺酸为固化剂,采用发泡固化碳化工艺制备了低密度泡沫碳材料。所制备的泡沫碳材料密度为0. 3 g/cm^3,压缩强度达到了11. 7 MPa。采用LFA457激光导热仪考察了泡沫碳材料在不同温度下(25、200、400、600℃)的导热性能,25℃下热导率为0. 141 W/(m·K),600℃下热导率为0. 344 W/(m·K);通过氧乙炔试验(30 s/60 s)对泡沫碳材料与C/C复合材料在同样的气流条件下隔热性能进行了比较,在材料正面烧蚀峰值温度泡沫碳材料比C/C复合材料高出约400℃的情况下,背面峰值温度比C/C复合材料仍低出150℃;通过氧乙炔试验考察泡沫碳材料的抗烧蚀性能,氧乙炔烧蚀60 s的线烧蚀率为0. 031 mm/s。试验结果证明低密度的泡沫碳材料同时具备优异的隔热与高温抗烧蚀性能。 相似文献
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以轻质化为前提,基于烧蚀防热借助于溶胶-凝胶技术制备出低密度防热/隔热/隐身一体化复合材料(HRC),有效地融合了烧蚀防热、高效隔热和宽频雷达隐身的功能。实验结果表明,多壁碳纳米管(MWNT)吸波剂均匀分散在杂化酚醛气凝胶骨架中,随着添加量的增加,HRC材料平均孔径减小,力学强度得到显著提升,添加5.0wt%MWNT的HRC与未添加相比压缩模量提高1.8倍。同时,MWNT的引入显著增加了HRC的雷达吸波性能,在4 ~ 18 GHz内反射率<-8 dB。地面风洞考核中,HRC表现出优异的防隔热性能,最高表面温度达到1 700 ℃左右,经过400 s烧蚀后最大背面温升(20 mm)仅为153℃,近零体积烧蚀,烧蚀后仍保持着优异的宽频雷达吸波性能。 相似文献
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针对实际使用的热环境要求,提出了多种防热结构材料及结构方案.通过石英灯加热试验对其防热性能进行了考核验证.考察了防热涂层、样件结构形式以及材料种类对试验件防热性能的影响.结果表明,防热涂层可显著降低防热试验件的背温,最高降幅达241℃;相对于传统的玻璃纤维/酚醛层压板结构,在满足防热要求的同时,新型蜂窝夹层结构的面密度较低,仅为层压板的50%左右,具有明显的减重优势,其中聚酰亚胺面板的蜂窝夹层结构的面密度仅为酚醛玻璃钢面板夹层结构的80%,其表面加防热涂层样件的背温仅为246℃. 相似文献
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有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计难点问题 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
有翼高超声速再入飞行器是近年来的研究热点,气动设计是飞行器设计的关键。为了更清楚地认识有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计的难点问题,对有翼高超声速再入飞行器的发展、优势及总体任务剖面进行了介绍,从5个方面详细介绍了该类飞行器气动设计的难点问题,包括多约束复杂面对称气动布局设计、高温真实气体效应对气动特性影响、天地差异与天地换算方法、反作用控制系统(RCS)喷流干扰对气动特性的影响以及气动数据不确定度等,简要阐明了这些难点问题对总体设计的重要性以及初步的解决思路,为有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计提供了一些参考。 相似文献
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基于飞机油箱模型形状特征油量测量切片步长选择方法研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在分析飞机数字式油量测量过程中目前广泛使用的切片法油量测量原理的基础上,针对现有的定步长切片法无法得到准确、可靠的燃油质量特性数据库的缺陷,结合对飞机油箱模型形状特征的分析,提出了基于飞机油箱模型形状特征的油量测量切片步长选择方法。此方法包括切片步长整体和局部选择两个过程,整体选择以实现相邻两切片平面所夹油箱模型体积近似相等为目的来确定切片步长,以体现油箱模型截面整体变化规律;局部选择以设计切片平面与截面突变平面重合或尽可能接近的方式,突出油箱截面的局部变化特征。实验结果表明:该切片步长选择方法较定步长方法能够建立更为合理、可靠的燃油质量特性数据库,从而提高了油量测量精度。 相似文献
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NING Guo-dong ZHANG Shu-guang FANG Zhen-ping 《中国航空学报》2007,20(1):1-8
A method for the implementation of integrated three-degree-of-freedom constrained entry guidance for reusable launch vehicle is presented. Given any feasible entry conditions, terminal area energy management interface conditions, and the reference trajectory generated onboard then, the method can generate a longitudinal guidance profile rapidly, featuring linear quadratic regular method and a proportional-integral-derivative tracking law with time-varying gains, which satisfies all the entry corridor constraints and meets the requirements with high precision. Afterwards, by utilizing special features of crossrange parameter, establishing bank-reversal corridor, and determining bank-reversals according to dynamically adjusted method, the algorithm enables the lateral entry guidance system to fly a wide range of missions and provides reliable and good performance in the presence of significant aerodynamic modeling uncertainty. Fast trajectory guidance profiles and simulations with a reusable launch vehicle model for various missions and aerodynamic uncertain-ties are presented to demonstrate the capacity and reliability of this method. 相似文献
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LUO Cheng LIU Hua YANG Jia-ling LIU Kai-xin 《中国航空学报》2007,20(3):230-235
Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks. 相似文献
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波音公司面临着来自空客公司的巨大挑战,企业战略性创新才是公司成功的关键。为此波音公司的全部战略性研究集中在扩大产品的差异性上,体现在3个方面:电子化(e-Enabled)运营环境、整体复合材料机身部件的制造技术和支持波音787客机的全球协同环境(GCE)。 相似文献
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The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation. 相似文献
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Abnormal Shape Mould Winding 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Fu Hongya Wang Xianfeng Han Zhenyu Fu Yunzhong 《中国航空学报》2007,20(6):552-558
为解决网格化芯模的缠绕问题,本文提出了复合材料面片缠绕机理;接着详细分析了面片缠绕过程中的芯模凹曲面上纤维滑线和架空现象,应用微分几何曲面理论和空间几何理论,提出判据及其解决方案;最后,针对飞机发动机进气道的缠绕成型,编制缠绕控制程序并进行相应的实验,验证了面片缠绕方法的可行性。 相似文献
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基于弯曲激波压缩系统的高超声速进气道反设计研究进展 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
总结了近十年来弯曲激波压缩研究的主要成果。提出了弯曲激波压缩系统的新概念,即利用特殊设计的楔形弯曲压缩面或空间弯曲压缩面,产生一系列与前缘弱激波相互交汇或叠加的压缩波系,从而使前缘激波弯曲,形成特殊的弯曲激波,它与波后的等熵压缩波来共同完成对气流的压缩。在此基础上,实现了由给定出口气动参数的超声速内流道反设计,实现了由给定压缩面压力分布和给定压缩面马赫数分布要求的型面反设计,实现了由给定激波波面的压缩型面反设计。研究证明,弯曲压缩面-弯曲激波压缩系统具有良好的综合气动性能,为高性能高超声速进气系统的气动设计提供了一种全新的设计方法。 相似文献