Synthesis of Iron-containing Carbon Microparticles from Deoiled Asphalt and Ferrocene

The deoiled asphalt as the carbon source and the ferrocene as the metal source and the catalyst precursor were chosen to synthesize iron-containing carbon microparticles through co-carbonization at the temperature of about 450℃ for 3 h. The resulting products were treated at 2 000 ℃ for 2 h. All samples were examined by high resolution transmission electron microscopy （HRTEM） and X-ray diffraction （XRD）. The results show that the iron particles in the heat-treated material are completely coated by carbon. In addition to the fully filled carbon microparticles as well as hollow carbon ones, also form carbon fibers with hollow centers. The formation mechanism of the as-prepared products was discussed briefly.     

Fabrication of Diamond-like Carbon Films by Ion Assisted Middle Frequency Unbalanced Magnetron Sputtering

Diamond-like carbon （DLC） films are deposited by the Hall ion source assisted by the mid-frequency unbalanced magnetron sputtering technique. The effects of the substrate voltage bias, the substrate temperature, the Hall discharging current and the argon/nitrogen ratio on the DLC film＇s performance were studied. The experimental results show that the film＇s surface roughness, the hardness and the Young＇s modulus increase firstly and then decrease with the bias voltage incrementally increases. Also when the substrate temperature rises, the surface roughness of the film varies slightly, but its hardness and Young＇s modulus firstly increase followed by a sharp decrease when the temperature surpassing 120 ℃. With the Hall discharging current incrementally rising, the hardness and Young＇s modulus of the film decrease and the surface roughness of the film on 316L stainless steel firstly decreased and then remains constant.     

Study on Microwave Dielectric Property of Carbon Black and Short Carbon Fibers

Carbon black and carbon fibers of different lengths were introduced in different matrices at different ratios to explore their microwave dielectric properties under 8.2 GHz-12.4 GHz. It is found that the actual dielectric constants of the samples containing carbon black are in a two-order function of the contents of carbon black （ε＇, ε＂=Av2＋Bv＋C） and the complex dielectric constants show an obvious frequency response. Of the added fibers of different lengths, the 4 mm-long one could well disperse in the matrices having not only good frequency response, but also larger real parts, imaginary parts and loss values. The imaginary parts and the loss values （tanδ）of the samples with 4 mm-long carbon fibers added increase linearly with the contents of fiber increasing. So it is practicable to adjust the dielectric parameters of the material in a wide range by changing the added amount of carbon black, and the carbon fiber or altering the lengths of the carbon fiber added.     

Study on Microwave Dielectric Property of Carbon Black and Short Carbon Fibers

Carbon black and carbon fibers of different lengths were introduced in different matrices at different ratios to explore their micro-wave dielectric properties under 8.2 GHz-12.4 GHz. It is found that the actual dielectric constants of the samples containing carbon black are in a two-order function of the contents of carbon black (ε′, ε″=Av2 Bv C) and the complex dielectric constants show an obvi-ous frequency response. Of the added fibers of different lengths, the 4 mm-long one could well disperse in the matrices having not only good frequency response, but also larger real parts, imaginary parts and loss values. The imaginary parts and the loss values (tanδ) of the samples with 4 mm-long carbon fibers added increase linearly with the contents of fiber increasing. So it is practicable to adjust the di-electric parameters of the material in a wide range by changing the added amount of carbon black, and the carbon fiber or altering the lengths of the carbon fiber added.     

Interfacial Properties Modification of Carbon Fiber/ Polyarylacetylene Composites

This work was dedicated to performing surface oxidation and coating treatments on carbon fibers (CF) and investigating the changes of fiber surface properties after these treatments, including surface composition, relative volume of functional groups, and sur- face topography with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and atom force microscopy (AFM) technology. The results show that, after oxidation treatments, interfacial properties between CF and non-polar polyarylacetylene (PAA) resin are remarkably modified by removing weak surface layers and increasing fiber surface roughness. Coating treatment by high char phenolic resin solution after oxida- tion makes interface of CF/PAA composites to be upgraded and the interfacial properties further bettered.     

Synthesis of Iron-containing Carbon Microparticles from Deoiled Asphalt and Ferrocene

The deoiled asphalt as the carbon source and the ferrocene as the metal source and the catalyst precursor were chosen to synthe-size iron-containing carbon microparticles through co-carbonization at the temperature of about 450 ℃ for 3 h. The resulting products were treated at 2 000 ℃ for 2 h. All samples were examined by high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results show that the iron particles in the heat-treated material are completely coated by carbon. In addition to the fully filled carbon microparticles as well as hollow carbon ones, also form carbon fibers with hollow centers. The formation mechanism of the as-prepared products was discussed briefly.     

Electromagnetism and Absorptivity of the Modified Micro-coiled Chiral Carbon Fibers

Micro-coiled chiral carbon fibers are modified by nano-Ni. X-ray diffraction （XRD） and scanning electron microscopy （SEM） are used to compare the composition and morphology of the unmodified and the modified fibers. The results show that electromagnetism parameters of the modified are different from those of the unmodified. After modification by nano-Ni, the micro-coiled chiral carbon fibers have decreased permittivity and electrical loss. The permeability and magnetic loss of the modified carbon fibers become larger than those of the unmodified ones. Moreover, the modification of unmodified chiral carbon fibers into the modified is much like changing hollow electric windings into those with magnetic cores inside. The modifier intensifies the cross polarization of the chiral carbon fibers and makes the permittivity and the permeability get closer to each other which improves the matching performance and enhances absorbability of coatings. In the range of 6-18 GHz, the reflectivity of the coating is 6-8dB and the bandwidth is 12 GHz. The area density of the coating is below 3 kg/m^2.     

Comparative Study on Super Fine Mesophase Powder and MCMB Used to Manufacture High-Density Isotropic Carbon Bulks

Mesocarbon microbeads （MCMB） and super fine mesophase powder （SFMP） were prepared firstly from a coal tar pitch and then hot-condensed into high-density isotropic carbon （HDIC） bulks under 160 MPa and finally sintered at 1 000 ℃. By analyzing the thermogravimetric behavior of the MCMB and SFMP powders, their volume shrinkage and weight loss during sintering and the bulk density and flexural strengths of their sintered bulks, it was found that the smaller sizes and the richer β-resin contents of SFMP ha）re facilitated formation of sintered bulks with more compact isotropic structure and higher flexural strengths than MCMB. Because of the filling and bonding effects of SFMP on MCMB bulks, addition of SFMP, albeit a little, can greatly increase the flexural strengths of sintered bulks of MCMB. However, adding MCMB, even a slight amount, into SFMP can severely impair the flexural strength of sintered bulks. This might be attributed to both the crack initiation along the boundaries between MCMB and SFMP and the formation of layered texture of MCMB sphere.     

Effect of Water Absorption on the Impact Properties of Carbon Fiber/Epoxy Composites

In this paper, the effects of test temperatures and time on the impact damage behavior of unidirectional carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composites, immersed in pure water, on a pendulum impact tester, was studied. The results show that immersion in liquids has a significant effect on the impact resistance of the unidirectional composite material. It is obvious that after immersion, the mass of the material increases. The fracture initiation forces as well as the fracture initiation energy decrease as the immersion time lengthens. Moreover, the higher the temperature and the longer the time are, the more the crack propagation energy and the ductility index will be. Immersion makes the fracture mode change from the dominant fiber fracture into dominant delamination. All in all, immersion decreases the impact resistance of the composites and causes the fracture mode to change.     

Fabrication of Diamond-like Carbon Films by Ion Assisted Middle Frequency Unbalanced Magnetron Sputtering

Diamond-like carbon (DLC) films are deposited by the Hall ion source assisted by the mid-frequency unbalanced magnetron sput-tering technique. The effects of the substrate voltage bias, the substrate temperature, the Hall discharging current and the argon/nitrogen ratio on the DLC film’s performance were studied. The experimental results show that the film’s surface roughness, the hardness and the Young’s modulus increase firstly and then decrease with the bias voltage incrementally increases. Also when the substrate temperature rises, the surface roughness of the film varies slightly, but its hardness and Young’s modulus firstly increase followed by a sharp decrease when the temperature surpassing 120 ℃. With the Hall discharging current incrementally rising, the hardness and Young’s modulus of the film decrease and the surface roughness of the film on 316L stainless steel firstly decreased and then remains constant.     

刹车盘用碳／碳复合材料的改进

本文介绍了ＲＤ法、强迫流一热梯度ＣＶＩ法和预成形纱法三种碳碳复合材料制造工艺的改进，其中重点介绍了预成形纱法。     

带芯子的碳—碳端头烧蚀外形计算

对电弧加热器试验条件下端头的烧蚀外形进行了数值仿真，考察了碳－碳端头烧蚀外形随来流条件的变化规律，重点研究了将碳－碳端头体轴附近材料换成由另一种烧蚀速度较快的材料制成的芯子后的匹配烧蚀问题，揭示芯子对烧蚀外形的影响规律。     

碳毡C／C复合材料的研制

本文叙述了研制大尺寸毡基C/C复合材料的方案、热态原子的扩散和CVD碳的生成机理、工艺参数的选择、性能分析和问题。结果表明,缩短了工艺周期,制品线烧蚀率是迄今为止已试过的大中型C/C件中最低的。该技术10年来一直为C/C制造沿用,产品已广泛地得到应用。     

前苏联碳／碳复合材料的开发与应用研究

前苏联碳／碳复合材料的开发与应用研究胡连成（航天工业总公司７０３所１０００７６）１碳／碳复合材料碳／碳复合材料是以高性能碳纤维编织物或以碳纤维棒作增强骨架，以沉积碳或浸渍碳或以沉积碳、浸渍碳作基体的防热复合材料，称为多向碳／碳防热材料。它综合了碳布材...     

先进战略导弹用材料的现状和发展前景

本文简述了新材料在先进战略导弹上的作用和地位。通过对MX和侏儒等先进战略导弹所用材料的综合分析,指出了发展高性能复合材料的重要性。最后对未来的先进战略导弹用材料进行了展望。     

预制体结构和热解碳组织对二维碳/碳复合材料热物理性能影响

制备了针刺毡、短纤维树脂模压、碳布叠层 3种预制体 ,其碳纤维体积含量均为 4 0 %。采用化学气相沉积工艺制备了 4种C/C复合材料 :针刺毡 粗糙体热解碳 (具有两种定向热解碳组织 )、短纤维 树脂和热解碳、碳布 光滑体热解碳复合材料 ,对其进行 2 5 0 0℃保温 2h的高温热处理。在 0～ 90 0℃ ,研究了预制体结构和热解碳组织对二维C/C复合材料的热膨胀系数、比热容、热扩散率、导热系数等热物理性能影响。研究发现 :预制体和热解碳结构对C/C复合材料热物理性能有强烈影响。 0～ 90 0℃ ,4种材料的热膨胀系数都非常小 ,与温度近似的成线性关系 ,且几乎具有相同的斜率 ,在一定条件下 ,其值呈现负热膨胀性质 ;0～ 90 0℃ ,4种材料都有高的导热系数 ,但作为温度的函数 ,其值随预制体结构、热解碳组织和传热方向而变化 ,x y向的导热系数 (2 5 .6～1 74W / (m·℃ ) )比z向的 (3.5～ 5 0W / (m·℃ ) )高几倍     

飞机碳刹车装置过热故障分析

目前被广泛应用于空客、波音等多种民、军用飞机，以碳／碳复合材料为刹车材料的碳刹车装置，是否采用碳刹车装置成为衡量现代飞机刹车装置水平的重要标志之一。     

飞机碳刹车工程化问题探讨

论述了飞机碳刹车工程化过程中的主要问题,提出了解决措施和途径。为今后工作指出了努力方向。     

碳刹车盘在我国军用飞机上的应用前景

碳／碳复合材料是新型刹车材料,碳刹车般与传统的钢刹车盘相比具有重要轻、使用寿命长,维修方便、刹车平稳,高温条件下刹车盘不粘结等优点,因而产生出优良的经济效益与军事效益。碳／碳复合材料用军飞机刹车系统中是一项高新技术应用,得到了极快的发展,我国在70年代初已经开始有关碳刹车材料的研究。文章介绍了这项技术在主要航空大国的发展情况以及在我国军用飞机上的应用现状与前景。     

抗氧化碳—碳复合材料

碳-碳复合材料的氧化敏感性限制了它的应用。为满足未来航天、空天飞机热结构材料的需要,必须解决碳-碳复合材料的抗氧化问题。改善碳-碳复合材料抗氧化性能的途径包括结构、纤维和基体的改进,目前碳化硅涂层是最有效的方法。