铰链展开式构型航天器设计及其动力学仿真

基于航天器结构的模块化设计概念,设计了一种空间可展开航天器模块化结构构型,即铰链展开式构型。利用虚拟样机技术,建立了模块化本体和太阳翼虚拟样机模型。在空间失重环境下,分析了模块化本体和太阳翼在3种展开顺序下（本体各模块和太阳翼同时展开、太阳翼先展开本体各模块后展开和本体各模块先展开太阳翼后展开）对航天器姿态的影响,同时对比了不同扭簧参数对姿态角和展开时间的影响。仿真结果表明该模型可为未来高机动、多型态、多用途自适应变构型航天器的设计以及空间姿态控制提供技术支持和借鉴。     

重复折展锁解式太阳翼多体系统动力学建模与分析

为研究重复折展锁解式太阳翼展开力学特性,针对其有根树链式拓扑结构特点,依据一阶模态刚度分析假设模型,由Jourdain变分原理建立太阳翼树形柔性多体系统动力学理论模型;结合太阳翼关节铰机构运动规律,采用单向递推组集建模方法构建太阳翼展开过程正逆混合动力学模型;基于重复折展锁解式太阳翼结构参数和物理性能参数进行数值仿真,研究蜂窝夹层复合式基板柔性结构对太阳翼展开力学规律的影响,得到太阳翼各基板质心运动规律及其展开过程所需施加的驱动力矩. 所得结果可较好地预测太阳翼展开过程的动态行为,为其后续工程应用提供依据.      

航天器太阳翼展开锁定分析

研究航天器太阳翼锁定过程的动力学特性。对展开锁定和姿态运动做耦合分析,给出了采用有限段模型划分的耦合动力学方程。针对某一卫星给出了锁定过程中各参量的响应曲线,包括卫星本体姿态以及BAPTA 上所承受的作用力和作用力矩由线。该模型也适用于航天器多体系统的展开锁定分析。     

扇形太阳翼重复折展机构运动仿真及其功能试验

传统折叠式太阳翼体积与重量大, 采用一次性展开锁定机构易引起航天器调 姿或变轨时的颤振. 为此提出了一种新型扇形太阳翼重复折展机构. 基于 ProE/Adams联合仿真, 建立虚拟样机模型, 获取不同电机转速下扇形太阳翼转 动导板展开运动参数的变化规律, 对所研制的扇形太阳翼重复折展机构原理样 机进行展开功能试验. 对比仿真与试验结果可知, 在电机允许转速范围内调节 转速, 扇形太阳翼重复折展机构均可在规定时间内完全展开锁定, 具有重复折 展与锁解功能, 且仿真与试验数据高度吻合, 表明其符合设计要求.      

基于模型架构的航天器控制软件研制方式研究

开展基于模型设计研究，旨在解决当前航天器控制软件研制所面临的需求描述准确性、设计验证充分性以及软件产品可靠性等问题.针对基于模型设计过程中的代码胶合接口复杂且操作繁琐问题，提出一种基于模型架构的航天器控制软件研制方式，搭建软件模型驱动框架，通过模型封装方式将既有代码资产或新编写代码嵌入到软件模型驱动框架，简化代码胶合过程.同时，建设航天器控制领域通用模型库来提高成熟算法模型的复用效率及自动生成代码可靠性.本方法研究为推进航天器控制软件向模型驱动开发方式转变夯实基础.     

航天器附件联动展开机构优化设计

根据航天器附件展开运动功能要求,对联动展开机构进行了尺度综合,确立了一组独立的设计参数,推导了满足收拢和展开状态下基板位置要求的联动展开机构数学模型,并建立了参数化的机构展开动力学仿真模型,以对附件展开运动功能及动力学特性进行分析和验证,从而实现了机构的参数化设计与分析.在此基础上,以展开全程所需的最大驱动力矩最小化为目标,以满足收拢状态整体结构尺寸包络为约束条件,建立了联动展开机构优化模型,根据该优化问题的非线性特征以及设计空间的不连续性,采用模拟退火算法进行优化求解,最终得到了机构的最优尺寸,从而达到了降低展开驱动力矩、改善机构动力学性能的目的.     

MEO导航卫星在轨放气产生的干扰力矩研究

摘要： 针对多颗MEO导航卫星太阳翼展开后产生比较明显的干扰力矩，对卫星稳定控制产生了一定影响的现象，本文根据动力学模型、姿态、角速度和飞轮转速变化，给出了干扰力矩计算方法，并结合多颗卫星在轨遥测数据进行计算，得出放气期间产生的干扰力矩.通过使用此干扰力矩进行仿真得出，卫星模拟器结果和在轨表现基本一致.此研究有助于优化卫星飞控流程，并指导卫星放气孔设计.     

智能太阳翼动力学建模与模态分析

研究柔性航天器的动力学与控制问题时,通常需要利用柔性附件的模态信息。为获取航天器的高精度姿态控制,必须解决柔性附件的振动抑制问题。配置压电传感/作动器是解决太阳翼振动控制的有效手段。针对基板表面粘贴压电传感/作动器的太阳翼,基于一阶剪切变形层板理论,建立了包含机电耦合效应对结构刚度贡献的有限元模型,并在连接机构等效梁单元中引入了轴向载荷。利用假设剪切应变方法解决了一阶剪切变形层板理论的剪切闭锁问题。仿真结果表明:太阳翼的动力学特征随压电传感/作动器配置方式的改变而改变;连接架轴向载荷可以大幅提高太阳翼的侧摆振动频率;给压电作动器施加控制电压可以增加太阳翼的结构阻尼。     

基于电磁力与力矩的航天器运动控制的研究进展

电磁力与力矩是一种非接触式的相互作用力与力矩.将通电线圈或磁铁放在磁场中会受到电磁力与力矩的作用.多个通电线圈或磁铁相互作用时，在彼此构成的磁场中也会受到电磁力与力矩的作用.作为一种非接触的力与力矩，电磁力与力矩在航天器的姿态与相对位置控制系统中已有了广泛和深入的应用.本文主要介绍近年来由航天器上电磁装置受到地磁场作用产生电磁力矩在姿态控制中的应用，和带有电磁机构的多航天器间相互作用控制多航天器间相对位姿的应用等.     

过驱动并联机器人驱动力矩的特解构造法

以一种平面三自由度过驱动并联机构为研究对象,分析其运动学方程,并采用虚功原理和等效力方法推导了该机构的动力学模型.讨论过驱动机构的容错性,给出了故障前后驱动关节力矩突变的定义.分析过驱动机构逆动力学方程解的不确定性,从提高机构的可靠性以及容错性角度出发,提出一种新的过驱动机构驱动力矩分配思路,以驱动器集可靠度作为系数乘子,采用故障后力矩分配的确定解构造过驱动机构输入力矩的不确定解.将这种方法与传统的力矩分配方法所得到的各关节力矩突变之和进行比较,数据计算结果表明该方法具有更好的容错性能.      

Stochastic particle acceleration by the forced interaction of relativistic current sheets

We address the problem of interacting relativistic current sheets in self-consistent kinetic plasma simulations within the framework of the Particle-In-Cell model. The interaction is enforced in head-on collisions of up to 10 current sheets at relativistic bulk speeds. The simulations are motivated by the general problem of Poynting flux dissipation in ‘striped wind’ configurations presumably governing the relativistic outflows pervasive in pulsar winds and gamma-ray bursts. We identify the generation of non-thermal particles and formation of a stable power-law shape in the particle energy distributions f(γ) dγ ∝ γ^−s dγ. In 1D, a spectral index s ∼ 2 is observed and attributed to a stochastic Fermi-type acceleration mechanism. In 2D, the generic index of s ∼ 3–4 is retained as in previous simulations of individual current sheets. Whereas in 2D the high energy cut-off is constrained by the limited dissipation of magnetic energy, in 1D the process converts the bulk motion of current sheets towards directed particle momentum of an exclusive class of non-thermal particles.     

Concept options for the aerial survey of Titan

Various aerial platforms intended for long endurance survey of the Titan surface are presented. A few novel concepts are introduced, including a heated methane balloon and a balloon with a tethered wind turbine. All the concept options are predicted to have lower scientific payload fractions than the Huygens probe. It is concluded that the selection of the best aerial platform option depends on more accurate mass estimates and a clear decision on whether, or not, in situ surface composition measurements are required in conjunction with aerial remote sensing.     

Heterogeneous solid/gas chemistry of organic compounds related to comets,meteorites, Titan,and Mars: Laboratory and in lower Earth orbit experiments

To understand the evolution of organic molecules involved in extraterrestrial environments and with exobiological implications, many experimental programs in the laboratory are devoted to photochemical studies in the gaseous phase as well as in the solid state. The validity of such studies and their applications to extraterrestrial environments can be questioned as long as experiments conducted in space conditions, with the full solar spectrum, especially in the short wavelength domain, have not been implemented. The experiments that are described here will be carried out on a FOTON capsule, using the BIOPAN facility, and on the International Space Station, using the EXPOSE facility. Vented and sealed exposition cells will be used, which will allow us to study the chemical evolution in the gaseous phase as well as heterogeneous processes, such as the degradation of solid compounds and the release of gaseous fragments.     

基于LuGre模型的电液加载系统摩擦补偿

为了提高电液加载系统控制精度,针对摩擦问题提出了基于LuGre摩擦模型的前馈补偿方法.建立了用于摩擦仿真分析和补偿器设计的电液加载系统数学模型;通过实验获取并分析了相关的摩擦数据;基于实验数据进行LuGre模型参数辨识,把LuGre模型和辨识结果引入电液加载系统数学模型,并进行仿真结果与实际摩擦数据的对照,证明了LuGre摩擦模型的准确性.设计前馈补偿器,进行了实验对比,实验结果表明前馈补偿器可将摩擦产生的控制误差有效地降至未补偿时的30%左右.      

CoRoT and Kepler results: Solar-like oscillators

The space-borne observatories CoRoT (Convection Rotation and planetary Transits) and Kepler have provided photometric time series data of unprecedented precision for large numbers of stars. These data have revolutionized the fields of transiting exoplanets and asteroseismology. In this review some important asteroseismic results obtained using data from the CoRoT and Kepler space missions concerning stars that show solar-like oscillations are discussed. These results comprise, among others, measurements of the location of the base of the convection zone and helium second-ionization zone in main-sequence stars, the presence (or not) of core-helium burning in red-giant stars, as well as differential rotation in these stars.     

The ESA scientific programme

The ESA scientific programme has, so far, provided several significant astrophysics experiments and further important missions are scheduled for execution during the next decade. These missions are briefly summarised together with several astrophysics investigations presently under study.     

HELIO: The Heliophysics Integrated Observatory

Heliophysics is a new research field that explores the Sun–Solar System Connection; it requires the joint exploitation of solar, heliospheric, magnetospheric and ionospheric observations.     

Radioactivity of the Moon and planets

In this report the main results of the study of radioactivity of the solar sistem bodies are considered. The radioactivity of the Moon and planets was measured by means of vehicles in situ. The radioactivity of the lunar samples, brought to the Earth was studied with laboratory equipment.     

一种提高螺栓联接强度的新方法

根据山本晃教授对螺栓，螺母，螺纹牙受力及其变形研究的成果，导出了该理论条件下受拉螺栓在等载荷受力状态下，当螺栓螺纹采用标准尺寸，螺母螺纹的螺旋线形状，并依据实用性，从螺母螺纹加工方便考虑，提出了近似等负荷螺纹。     

直尺反转组合法测量直线度的理论分析

对直尺反转组合法的测量原理进行了较为深入的理论分析，指出测量的准确性受测头误差、采样点定位误差、直尺尺面斜率、直尺再定位误差、直尺各点直线度误差的变化率等五个方面共同作用。其中，采样点定位误差和直尺安装斜率影响直线度测量准确度这一结论，将适用于其他的直尺直线度测量方法，因而具有普遍的指导意义。