地面等待策略中的时隙分配模型与算法研究

 机场拥塞是制约民航运输的瓶颈所在,地面等待策略(GHP)是解决机场拥塞的有效方法,其核心就是时隙分配问题。为适应我国空中交通持续发展需要,实现科学时隙分配的要求,对GHP已有的研究进行分析和归纳,重点论述了时隙分配的概念、属性、模型和算法,在此基础上总结了时隙分配的关键问题,即随机容量的影响、均衡模型的建立以及模型求解算法的研究。最后指出了时隙分配问题未来的研究方向。     

基于BDI模型的Agent在航班时隙分配问题研究

随着民航运输的快速发展,时隙资源日益紧缺,为了保证航班的正常飞机,提出了基于BDI(Beliefs-Desires-Intentions)Agent分布式时隙优化模型,并对厦门机场某一时间段内的时隙分配进行验证,结果表明,模型可以大大减少航班的延误损失,具有较强的实际应用性。     

The TCAA - a blueprint for the 21st century

In December 1999, US Transportation Secretary Rodney Slater convened a high level international conference entitled ‘Aviation in the 21st Century, Beyond Open Skies’. At that conference, Loyola de Palacio, Vice-President and Commissioner for Transport and Energy of the European Commission put forward new proposals for an open civil aviation market embracing Europe and North America - a ‘Transatlantic Common Aviation Area’ (TCAA). Because of the potential importance of these ideas for the future of civil aviation development, the text of Vice-President de Palacio's Chicago speech is reproduced here.     

协同数据链的高精度时间同步设计

鉴于Link16中的RTT时间同步精度为百纳秒级别，针对其精度不高和需要GPS进行初始粗同步的缺点，本文分析了双向比对时间同步的各误差项，给出了各项误差消除或减小方法，最终能实现优于10 ns的时间同步精度，并首次提出不需要其它导航源进行初始粗同步的自主RTT算法。最后，在协同数据链动态自组织组网的需求下，对动态时隙分配时的RTT算法进行了分析，计算出对基准频率源的准确度要求，保证了改进算法在动态时隙分配时也能达到10 ns的精度。     

机场地面等待时隙分配的公平性和效率性研究

为实现地面等待程序中计划进场时隙的公平高效使用,先通过分析RBS、E-RBD等算法的不足,结合地面等待程序中天气许可时刻的不确定性理论,建立地面等待时隙分配的多目标公平效率折中模型,最后根据具体机场的实际容量水平和天气许可时刻的分布概率,计算证明了模型在有效减少延误的同时增加时隙分配的公平性。     

NEWSKY - Concept for NEtWorking the SKY for Civil Aeronautical Communications

In this paper, an overview of the NEWSKY project is given. This project is funded by the European Commission within the 6^th framework program and is scheduled to start in early 2007. The NEWSKY project is a feasibility study to clarify if it is possible to establish a heterogeneous network for aeronautical communications which is capable of integrating different communications systems as well as different applications into a single global aeronautical network. The envisaged applications comprise not only air traffic control and management but also airline and passenger communications     

STDMA数据链系统的动态时隙分配研究

针对典型的STDMA时隙分配方案进行了改进,地面主控站实现了根据用户的紧急或优先级高低的预约请求进行实时分配,并支持用户占用时隙块发送较长报文的需求。仿真表明,该方案改善了延时性能,适合突发应急报文的传输需要。     

运输类飞机合格审定试飞性能新增条款评述

介绍了美国联邦航空局（FAA）运输部对1986年4月9日颁发的第25－7号 咨询通报《运输类飞机合格审定飞行试验指南》（简称AC25－7)性能部分的修订情况,主要介绍了部分新增条款的内容。在此基础上,对我国运输类飞机型号合格审定性能试飞在执行新条款过程中可能遇到的问题进行了探讨,并给出了解决这些问题的初步建议。     

Satellite navigation services. Galileo: introduction

In its conclusions of 17 March 1998 on the European Commission's communication ‘Towards a Trans-European Positioning and Navigation Network — including a European strategy for Global Satellite Navigation Systems (GNSS)’, the European Union (EU) Council of Ministers requested the Commission to present recommendations on the future European approach to global satellite navigation.     

New fire/smoke detection and fire extinguishing systems for aircraft applications

This paper gives an overview on the European Commission funded FIREDETEX Research Project. The project focuses on two aspects of aircraft fire protection: fire detection and fire suppression. New physical and chemical ways of detecting fire at an early stage will be investigated including detection in non-protected areas such as electronic bays. In the frame of halon replacement research the project will investigate the capabilities of an combined water mist/nitrogen suppression system. The project consortium consists of a partnership of 12 companies. Universities and Research Establishments from 5 European countries.     

Overall presentation of the ENHANCE project

The Euopean project, ENHANCE, coordinated by EADS Airbus, is a large, single and cohesive R&D initiative in the field Concurrent Engineering aimed at improving European Aeronautical industry competitiveness. It addressed the joint call ‘Concurrent Engineering in Aeronautics’ issued by the European Commission. The project duration is 3 years. ENHANCE started in February 1999. Its total budget is 38.2 million, half funded by the European Commission. ENHANCE first results are presented here.     

Quality workshop with the Czech aerospace industry

The Association of Aviation Manufacturers in the Czech Republic, AAM CR, the European Association of Aerospace Industries, AECMA, and the European Commission held a workshop on quality in Aerospace in Prague in March 2000. The workshop focussed strongly on practical examples and issues of quality systems and aimed at supporting further integration of the Czech aerospace industries into the European aerospace industry structure.     

AeroSME - help for sMEs to join european R&TD programmes

The European Commission and the aerospace industry in Europe have set up AeroSME, a joint activity to encourage and support the participation of small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) in European Research Programmes.     

高效MF-TDMA系统时隙分配策略

由于具有高效性和灵活性,多频时分多址接入(MF-TDMA)技术被广泛应用于现代宽带通信卫星系统的上行链路设计中。时隙分配算法的有效性是高效利用MF-TDMA系统资源的保证。在MF-TDMA系统中,时隙资源分配问题可以分为两步：载波信道选择和信道内的时隙分配。对于第1步,RCP-fit等算法提供了良好的用户载波信道预约策略。本文主要针对时隙分配过程的第2步展开讨论,针对载波内的时隙管理问题提出了一种基于倒序时隙编号时隙资源树的时隙组织方式,从时隙编号的角度解决了时隙时间均分问题。并采用伙伴递归调整算法作为载波内时隙优化定位方法,有效减低时隙碎片对系统资源利用率的负面影响。最后通过仿真,验证了该时隙管理算法的高效性。     

News from ESA

Portugal has become the European Space Agency's 15th Member State. The Agency and the European Commission have signed contracts for the Galileo Programme. The European Astronaut Centre gears up for a new era.     

二维超音速进气道性能实验研究

介绍几何喉道上游具有不同进口侧板、不同槽宽的附面层吸除槽和槽腔出口不同放气孔面积的二维超音速进气道,在自由流马赫数:Ma_∞=1.793,2.037,2.292,2.557;攻角:α=0°,3°,6°,10°,-6°条件下的实验研究结果。讨论了零攻角下,有无吸除时进气道的流型、性能和不同侧板、吸除槽宽、放气孔面积对进气道性能的影响。分析了二维超音速进气道的攻角特性;描述了进气道结尾波系随下游反压增高时的波系演变图案,录相显示了具有一定槽宽、一定吸除量的实验模型具有连续的气动特征,如同全外压式进气道那样,结尾波系从超临界连续地通过槽区到达亚临界。     

Locally generalised multi-agent reinforcement learning for demand and capacity balancing with customised neural networks

Reinforcement Learning (RL) techniques are being studied to solve the Demand and Capacity Balancing (DCB) problems to fully exploit their computational performance. A locally generalised Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) for real-world DCB problems is proposed. The proposed method can deploy trained agents directly to unseen scenarios in a specific Air Traffic Flow Management (ATFM) region to quickly obtain a satisfactory solution. In this method, agents of all flights in a scenario form a multi-agent decision-making system based on partial observation. The trained agent with the customised neural network can be deployed directly on the corresponding flight, allowing it to solve the DCB problem jointly. A cooperation coefficient is introduced in the reward function, which is used to adjust the agent’s cooperation preference in a multi-agent system, thereby controlling the distribution of flight delay time allocation. A multi-iteration mechanism is designed for the DCB decision-making framework to deal with problems arising from non-stationarity in MARL and to ensure that all hotspots are eliminated. Experiments based on large-scale high-complexity real-world scenarios are conducted to verify the effectiveness and efficiency of the method. From a statistical point of view, it is proven that the proposed method is generalised within the scope of the flights and sectors of interest, and its optimisation performance outperforms the standard computer-assisted slot allocation and state-of-the-art RL-based DCB methods. The sensitivity analysis preliminarily reveals the effect of the cooperation coefficient on delay time allocation.     

Stability analysis using SDSA tool

The SDSA (Simulation and Dynamic Stability Analysis) application is presented as a tool for analysing the dynamic characteristics of the aircraft just in the conceptual design stage. SDSA is part of the CEASIOM (Computerized Environment for Aircraft Synthesis and Integrated Optimization Methods) software environment which was developed within the SimSAC (Simulating Aircraft Stability And Control Characteristics for Use in Conceptual Design) project, funded by the European Commission 6th Framework Program. SDSA can also be used as stand alone software, and integrated with other design and optimisation systems using software wrappers. This paper focuses on the main functionalities of SDSA and presents both computational and free flight experimental results to compare and validate the presented software. Two aircraft are considered, the EADS Ranger 2000 and the Warsaw University designed PW-6 glider. For the two cases considered here the SDSA software is shown to be an excellent tool for predicting dynamic characteristics of an aircraft.     

Taxation of aviation fuel — an aerospace manufacturing industry view

The European aerospace manufacturing industry, represented by AECMA, considers that the recommendations in the European Commission Communication ‘Taxation of Aircraft Fuel’ would not be the best way to address the environmental impact of aviation. The recommended actions would provide minimal reduction in emissions, while putting the European aviation industry at a competitive and economic disadvantage. An international assessment of other measures would provide greater benefits.     

考虑优先级的交叉口航班汇聚排序问题研究

为了有效地利用航路资源,减少飞行延误总成本,建立了改进的航路交叉口汇聚排序模型。为加快求解速度,分析了影响航班延误成本的因素,给出了权重赋值表,改进了现有算法,并用FCFS算法与改进算法进行了算例分析。仿真结果表明,改进算法通过对交叉口航班各属性赋权值可有效进行优先等级划分,完成时隙分配和航班排序的快速计算。采用改进给出的优化排序策略可减少延误飞行的总成本,具有一定的实用性。